flagellum

English

Etymology

From Latin flagellum (“whip”), diminutive of flagrum, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlag- (“to strike”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /fləˈdʒɛləm/

Noun

flagellum (plural flagella or flagellums or flagellae)

(biology) In protists, a long, whiplike membrane-enclosed organelle used for locomotion or feeding.
(biology) In bacteria, a long, whiplike proteinaceous appendage, used for locomotion.
A whip

Synonyms

(organelle of protists): cilium
(whip): whip

Translations

long whiplike organelle

Bulgarian: камшиче n (kamšiče)
Finnish: siima (fi)
French: flagelle (fr) m
Greek: μαστίγιο (el) n (mastígio)

Russian: жгу́тик (ru) m (žgútik)
Spanish: flagelo (es)
Swedish: flagell (sv) c
Ukrainian: джгу́тик m (džhútyk)

long whiplike appendage

Bulgarian: камшиче n (kamšiče)
Finnish: siima (fi)
French: flagelle (fr) m
Greek: μαστίγιο (el) n (mastígio)

Russian: жгу́тик (ru) m (žgútik)
Swedish: flagell (sv) c
Ukrainian: джгу́тик m (džhútyk)

whip — see whip

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin flagellum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /flaːˈɣɛ.lʏm/
Hyphenation: fla‧gel‧lum

Noun

flagellum m (plural flagella)

flagellum
Synonyms: flagel, zweepdraad, zweephaar, zweepstaart

Latin

Etymology

From flagrum (“scourge, whip”) +‎ -ellum.

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /flaˈɡel.lum/, [fɫaˈɡɛl.lʊ̃]

Noun

flagellum n (genitive flagellī); second declension

whip, lash, scourge
tentacle

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	flagellum	flagella
Genitive	flagellī	flagellōrum
Dative	flagellō	flagellīs
Accusative	flagellum	flagella
Ablative	flagellō	flagellīs
Vocative	flagellum	flagella

Related terms

flagellō

Descendants

Descendants

→ Catalan: flagell
Dalmatian: frazial
→ English: flagellum, flagellate
Old French: flaiel, flael, flayau
- French: fléau
→ French: flagelle
→ Galician: flaxelo
→ Germanic: *flagilaz (possibly)
- Danish: pleiel
- Middle Dutch: vlegel, vleil
  - Dutch: vlegel
- Old English: fligel
  - Middle English: fleil, fleyl, fleȝȝl, flegl, flaile, flayle
    - English: flail
    - Scots: flail
- West Frisian: fleil, flaaiel
- Old High German: flegil
  - Middle High German: vlegel
    - German: Flegel
- Low German: vlegel
→ Byzantine Greek: φραγέλλιον (phragéllion)
- → Aramaic:
  - Jewish Aramaic: פְּרַגְלָא‎ (fragəlā)
  - Classical Syriac: ܦܪܳܓܶܠܳܐ‎ (frāgĕlā)
  - → Arabic: فِرْجَوْن‎ (firjawn), فِرْجَوْل‎ (firjawl)
    - → Classical Syriac: ܦܪܓܘܢܐ‎
- → Coptic: ⲫⲣⲁⲅⲉⲗⲗⲓⲟⲛ (phragellion)
→ Italian: flagello
→ Portuguese: flagelo
→ Romanian: flagel
→ Spanish: flagelo
→ Swedish: flagell

References

flagellum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
flagellum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
flagellum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
flagellum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette

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