gqiba
Zulu
Verb
-gqiba?
Inflection
Tone unknown | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukugqiba | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukugqiba | ukungagqibi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | gqiba | -gqibe | |||||||
Plural | gqibani | -gqibeni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyagqiba, ngigqiba | engigqibayo, engigqiba | ngigqiba | angigqibi | engingagqibi | ngingagqibi | |||
2nd singular | uyagqiba, ugqiba | ogqibayo, ogqiba | ugqiba | awugqibi | ongagqibi | ungagqibi | |||
1st plural | siyagqiba, sigqiba | esigqibayo, esigqiba | sigqiba | asigqibi | esingagqibi | singagqibi | |||
2nd plural | niyagqiba, nigqiba | enigqibayo, enigqiba | nigqiba | anigqibi | eningagqibi | ningagqibi | |||
Class 1 | uyagqiba, ugqiba | ogqibayo, ogqiba | egqiba | akagqibi | ongagqibi | engagqibi | |||
Class 2 | bayagqiba, bagqiba | abagqibayo, abagqiba | begqiba | abagqibi | abangagqibi | bengagqibi | |||
Class 3 | uyagqiba, ugqiba | ogqibayo, ogqiba | ugqiba | awugqibi | ongagqibi | ungagqibi | |||
Class 4 | iyagqiba, igqiba | egqibayo, egqiba | igqiba | ayigqibi | engagqibi | ingagqibi | |||
Class 5 | liyagqiba, ligqiba | eligqibayo, eligqiba | ligqiba | aligqibi | elingagqibi | lingagqibi | |||
Class 6 | ayagqiba, agqiba | agqibayo, agqiba | egqiba | awagqibi | angagqibi | engagqibi | |||
Class 7 | siyagqiba, sigqiba | esigqibayo, esigqiba | sigqiba | asigqibi | esingagqibi | singagqibi | |||
Class 8 | ziyagqiba, zigqiba | ezigqibayo, ezigqiba | zigqiba | azigqibi | ezingagqibi | zingagqibi | |||
Class 9 | iyagqiba, igqiba | egqibayo, egqiba | igqiba | ayigqibi | engagqibi | ingagqibi | |||
Class 10 | ziyagqiba, zigqiba | ezigqibayo, ezigqiba | zigqiba | azigqibi | ezingagqibi | zingagqibi | |||
Class 11 | luyagqiba, lugqiba | olugqibayo, olugqiba | lugqiba | alugqibi | olungagqibi | lungagqibi | |||
Class 14 | buyagqiba, bugqiba | obugqibayo, obugqiba | bugqiba | abugqibi | obungagqibi | bungagqibi | |||
Class 15 | kuyagqiba, kugqiba | okugqibayo, okugqiba | kugqiba | akugqibi | okungagqibi | kungagqibi | |||
Class 17 | kuyagqiba, kugqiba | okugqibayo, okugqiba | kugqiba | akugqibi | okungagqibi | kungagqibi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngigqibile, ngigqibē | engigqibile, engigqibē | ngigqibile, ngigqibē | angigqibanga | engingagqibanga | ngingagqibanga | |||
2nd singular | ugqibile, ugqibē | ogqibile, ogqibē | ugqibile, ugqibē | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga | |||
1st plural | sigqibile, sigqibē | esigqibile, esigqibē | sigqibile, sigqibē | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga | |||
2nd plural | nigqibile, nigqibē | enigqibile, enigqibē | nigqibile, nigqibē | anigqibanga | eningagqibanga | ningagqibanga | |||
Class 1 | ugqibile, ugqibē | ogqibile, ogqibē | egqibile, egqibē | akagqibanga | ongagqibanga | engagqibanga | |||
Class 2 | bagqibile, bagqibē | abagqibile, abagqibē | begqibile, begqibē | abagqibanga | abangagqibanga | bengagqibanga | |||
Class 3 | ugqibile, ugqibē | ogqibile, ogqibē | ugqibile, ugqibē | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga | |||
Class 4 | igqibile, igqibē | egqibile, egqibē | igqibile, igqibē | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga | |||
Class 5 | ligqibile, ligqibē | eligqibile, eligqibē | ligqibile, ligqibē | aligqibanga | elingagqibanga | lingagqibanga | |||
Class 6 | agqibile, agqibē | agqibile, agqibē | egqibile, egqibē | awagqibanga | angagqibanga | engagqibanga | |||
Class 7 | sigqibile, sigqibē | esigqibile, esigqibē | sigqibile, sigqibē | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga | |||
Class 8 | zigqibile, zigqibē | ezigqibile, ezigqibē | zigqibile, zigqibē | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga | |||
Class 9 | igqibile, igqibē | egqibile, egqibē | igqibile, igqibē | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga | |||
Class 10 | zigqibile, zigqibē | ezigqibile, ezigqibē | zigqibile, zigqibē | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga | |||
Class 11 | lugqibile, lugqibē | olugqibile, olugqibē | lugqibile, lugqibē | alugqibanga | olungagqibanga | lungagqibanga | |||
Class 14 | bugqibile, bugqibē | obugqibile, obugqibē | bugqibile, bugqibē | abugqibanga | obungagqibanga | bungagqibanga | |||
Class 15 | kugqibile, kugqibē | okugqibile, okugqibē | kugqibile, kugqibē | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga | |||
Class 17 | kugqibile, kugqibē | okugqibile, okugqibē | kugqibile, kugqibē | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngāgqiba | engāgqiba | ngāgqiba | angigqibanga | engingagqibanga | ngingagqibanga | |||
2nd singular | wāgqiba | owāgqiba | wāgqiba | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga | |||
1st plural | sāgqiba | esāgqiba | sāgqiba | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga | |||
2nd plural | nāgqiba | enāgqiba | nāgqiba | anigqibanga | eningagqibanga | ningagqibanga | |||
Class 1 | wāgqiba | owāgqiba | āgqiba | akagqibanga | ongagqibanga | engagqibanga | |||
Class 2 | bāgqiba | abāgqiba | bāgqiba | abagqibanga | abangagqibanga | bengagqibanga | |||
Class 3 | wāgqiba | owāgqiba | wāgqiba | awugqibanga | ongagqibanga | ungagqibanga | |||
Class 4 | yāgqiba | eyāgqiba | yāgqiba | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga | |||
Class 5 | lāgqiba | elāgqiba | lāgqiba | aligqibanga | elingagqibanga | lingagqibanga | |||
Class 6 | āgqiba | āgqiba | āgqiba | awagqibanga | angagqibanga | engagqibanga | |||
Class 7 | sāgqiba | esāgqiba | sāgqiba | asigqibanga | esingagqibanga | singagqibanga | |||
Class 8 | zāgqiba | ezāgqiba | zāgqiba | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga | |||
Class 9 | yāgqiba | eyāgqiba | yāgqiba | ayigqibanga | engagqibanga | ingagqibanga | |||
Class 10 | zāgqiba | ezāgqiba | zāgqiba | azigqibanga | ezingagqibanga | zingagqibanga | |||
Class 11 | lwāgqiba | olwāgqiba | lwāgqiba | alugqibanga | olungagqibanga | lungagqibanga | |||
Class 14 | bāgqiba | obāgqiba | bāgqiba | abugqibanga | obungagqibanga | bungagqibanga | |||
Class 15 | kwāgqiba | okwāgqiba | kwāgqiba | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga | |||
Class 17 | kwāgqiba | okwāgqiba | kwāgqiba | akugqibanga | okungagqibanga | kungagqibanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingagqiba | — | ngingagqiba | ngingegqibe | — | ngingegqibe | |||
2nd singular | ungagqiba | — | ungagqiba | ungegqibe | — | ungegqibe | |||
1st plural | singagqiba | — | singagqiba | singegqibe | — | singegqibe | |||
2nd plural | ningagqiba | — | ningagqiba | ningegqibe | — | ningegqibe | |||
Class 1 | angagqiba | — | engagqiba | angegqibe | — | engegqibe | |||
Class 2 | bangagqiba | — | bengagqiba | bangegqibe | — | bengegqibe | |||
Class 3 | ungagqiba | — | ungagqiba | ungegqibe | — | ungegqibe | |||
Class 4 | ingagqiba | — | ingagqiba | ingegqibe | — | ingegqibe | |||
Class 5 | lingagqiba | — | lingagqiba | lingegqibe | — | lingegqibe | |||
Class 6 | angagqiba | — | engagqiba | angegqibe | — | engegqibe | |||
Class 7 | singagqiba | — | singagqiba | singegqibe | — | singegqibe | |||
Class 8 | zingagqiba | — | zingagqiba | zingegqibe | — | zingegqibe | |||
Class 9 | ingagqiba | — | ingagqiba | ingegqibe | — | ingegqibe | |||
Class 10 | zingagqiba | — | zingagqiba | zingegqibe | — | zingegqibe | |||
Class 11 | lungagqiba | — | lungagqiba | lungegqibe | — | lungegqibe | |||
Class 14 | bungagqiba | — | bungagqiba | bungegqibe | — | bungegqibe | |||
Class 15 | kungagqiba | — | kungagqiba | kungegqibe | — | kungegqibe | |||
Class 17 | kungagqiba | — | kungagqiba | kungegqibe | — | kungegqibe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizogqiba | engizogqiba | ngizogqiba | angizugqiba | engingezugqiba | ngingezugqiba | |||
2nd singular | uzogqiba | ozogqiba | uzogqiba | awuzugqiba | ongezugqiba | ungezugqiba | |||
1st plural | sizogqiba | esizogqiba | sizogqiba | asizugqiba | esingezugqiba | singezugqiba | |||
2nd plural | nizogqiba | enizogqiba | nizogqiba | anizugqiba | eningezugqiba | ningezugqiba | |||
Class 1 | uzogqiba | ozogqiba | ezogqiba | akazugqiba | ongezugqiba | engezugqiba | |||
Class 2 | bazogqiba | abazogqiba | bezogqiba | abazugqiba | abangezugqiba | bengezugqiba | |||
Class 3 | uzogqiba | ozogqiba | uzogqiba | awuzugqiba | ongezugqiba | ungezugqiba | |||
Class 4 | izogqiba | ezogqiba | izogqiba | ayizugqiba | engezugqiba | ingezugqiba | |||
Class 5 | lizogqiba | elizogqiba | lizogqiba | alizugqiba | elingezugqiba | lingezugqiba | |||
Class 6 | azogqiba | azogqiba | ezogqiba | awazugqiba | angezugqiba | engezugqiba | |||
Class 7 | sizogqiba | esizogqiba | sizogqiba | asizugqiba | esingezugqiba | singezugqiba | |||
Class 8 | zizogqiba | ezizogqiba | zizogqiba | azizugqiba | ezingezugqiba | zingezugqiba | |||
Class 9 | izogqiba | ezogqiba | izogqiba | ayizugqiba | engezugqiba | ingezugqiba | |||
Class 10 | zizogqiba | ezizogqiba | zizogqiba | azizugqiba | ezingezugqiba | zingezugqiba | |||
Class 11 | luzogqiba | oluzogqiba | luzogqiba | aluzugqiba | olungezugqiba | lungezugqiba | |||
Class 14 | buzogqiba | obuzogqiba | buzogqiba | abuzugqiba | obungezugqiba | bungezugqiba | |||
Class 15 | kuzogqiba | okuzogqiba | kuzogqiba | akuzugqiba | okungezugqiba | kungezugqiba | |||
Class 17 | kuzogqiba | okuzogqiba | kuzogqiba | akuzugqiba | okungezugqiba | kungezugqiba | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyogqiba | engiyogqiba | ngiyogqiba | angiyugqiba | engingeyugqiba | ngingeyugqiba | |||
2nd singular | uyogqiba | oyogqiba | uyogqiba | awuyugqiba | ongeyugqiba | ungeyugqiba | |||
1st plural | siyogqiba | esiyogqiba | siyogqiba | asiyugqiba | esingeyugqiba | singeyugqiba | |||
2nd plural | niyogqiba | eniyogqiba | niyogqiba | aniyugqiba | eningeyugqiba | ningeyugqiba | |||
Class 1 | uyogqiba | oyogqiba | eyogqiba | akayugqiba | ongeyugqiba | engeyugqiba | |||
Class 2 | bayogqiba | abayogqiba | beyogqiba | abayugqiba | abangeyugqiba | bengeyugqiba | |||
Class 3 | uyogqiba | oyogqiba | uyogqiba | awuyugqiba | ongeyugqiba | ungeyugqiba | |||
Class 4 | iyogqiba | eyogqiba | iyogqiba | ayiyugqiba | engeyugqiba | ingeyugqiba | |||
Class 5 | liyogqiba | eliyogqiba | liyogqiba | aliyugqiba | elingeyugqiba | lingeyugqiba | |||
Class 6 | ayogqiba | ayogqiba | eyogqiba | awayugqiba | angeyugqiba | engeyugqiba | |||
Class 7 | siyogqiba | esiyogqiba | siyogqiba | asiyugqiba | esingeyugqiba | singeyugqiba | |||
Class 8 | ziyogqiba | eziyogqiba | ziyogqiba | aziyugqiba | ezingeyugqiba | zingeyugqiba | |||
Class 9 | iyogqiba | eyogqiba | iyogqiba | ayiyugqiba | engeyugqiba | ingeyugqiba | |||
Class 10 | ziyogqiba | eziyogqiba | ziyogqiba | aziyugqiba | ezingeyugqiba | zingeyugqiba | |||
Class 11 | luyogqiba | oluyogqiba | luyogqiba | aluyugqiba | olungeyugqiba | lungeyugqiba | |||
Class 14 | buyogqiba | obuyogqiba | buyogqiba | abuyugqiba | obungeyugqiba | bungeyugqiba | |||
Class 15 | kuyogqiba | okuyogqiba | kuyogqiba | akuyugqiba | okungeyugqiba | kungeyugqiba | |||
Class 17 | kuyogqiba | okuyogqiba | kuyogqiba | akuyugqiba | okungeyugqiba | kungeyugqiba | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngigqibe | ngingagqibi | |||||||
2nd singular | ugqibe | ungagqibi | |||||||
1st plural | sigqibe | singagqibi | |||||||
2nd plural | nigqibe | ningagqibi | |||||||
Class 1 | agqibe | angagqibi | |||||||
Class 2 | bagqibe | bangagqibi | |||||||
Class 3 | ugqibe | ungagqibi | |||||||
Class 4 | igqibe | ingagqibi | |||||||
Class 5 | ligqibe | lingagqibi | |||||||
Class 6 | agqibe | angagqibi | |||||||
Class 7 | sigqibe | singagqibi | |||||||
Class 8 | zigqibe | zingagqibi | |||||||
Class 9 | igqibe | ingagqibi | |||||||
Class 10 | zigqibe | zingagqibi | |||||||
Class 11 | lugqibe | lungagqibi | |||||||
Class 14 | bugqibe | bungagqibi | |||||||
Class 15 | kugqibe | kungagqibi | |||||||
Class 17 | kugqibe | kungagqibi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngagqiba | ngangagqiba, angagqiba, angangagqiba | |||||||
2nd singular | wagqiba | wangagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba | |||||||
1st plural | sagqiba | sangagqiba, asagqiba, asangagqiba | |||||||
2nd plural | nagqiba | nangagqiba, anagqiba, anangagqiba | |||||||
Class 1 | wagqiba | wangagqiba, akagqiba, akangagqiba | |||||||
Class 2 | bagqiba | bangagqiba, abagqiba, abangagqiba | |||||||
Class 3 | wagqiba | wangagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba | |||||||
Class 4 | yagqiba | yangagqiba, ayagqiba, ayangagqiba | |||||||
Class 5 | lagqiba | langagqiba, alagqiba, alangagqiba | |||||||
Class 6 | agqiba | angagqiba, awagqiba, awangagqiba | |||||||
Class 7 | sagqiba | sangagqiba, asagqiba, asangagqiba | |||||||
Class 8 | zagqiba | zangagqiba, azagqiba, azangagqiba | |||||||
Class 9 | yagqiba | yangagqiba, ayagqiba, ayangagqiba | |||||||
Class 10 | zagqiba | zangagqiba, azagqiba, azangagqiba | |||||||
Class 11 | lwagqiba | lwangagqiba, alwagqiba, alwangagqiba | |||||||
Class 14 | bagqiba | bangagqiba, abagqiba, abangagqiba | |||||||
Class 15 | kwagqiba | kwangagqiba, akwagqiba, akwangagqiba | |||||||
Class 17 | kwagqiba | kwangagqiba, akwagqiba, akwangagqiba |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “gqiɓa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “gqiɓa (6-3.9)”
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