grommeler
French
Etymology
From Middle French grommeler, from Old French grumeler (“to murmur, grumble”), from Middle Dutch grommelen (“to murmur, mutter, grunt”), frequentative of Middle Dutch grommen, related to Low German grummeln (“to grumble”), German grummeln (“to grumble”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡʁɔm.le/
Audio (file)
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il grommèle rather than *il grommele. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of grommeler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | grommelant /ɡʁɔm.lɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | grommelé /ɡʁɔm.le/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | grommeler | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | grommelant /ɡʁɔm.lɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | grommèle /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
grommèles /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
grommèle /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
grommelons /ɡʁɔm.lɔ̃/ |
grommelez /ɡʁɔm.le/ |
grommèlent /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
| imperfect | grommelais /ɡʁɔm.lɛ/ |
grommelais /ɡʁɔm.lɛ/ |
grommelait /ɡʁɔm.lɛ/ |
grommelions /ɡʁɔ.mə.ljɔ̃/ |
grommeliez /ɡʁɔ.mə.lje/ |
grommelaient /ɡʁɔm.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | grommelai /ɡʁɔm.le/ |
grommelas /ɡʁɔm.la/ |
grommela /ɡʁɔm.la/ |
grommelâmes /ɡʁɔm.lam/ |
grommelâtes /ɡʁɔm.lat/ |
grommelèrent /ɡʁɔm.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | grommèlerai /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁe/ |
grommèleras /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁa/ |
grommèlera /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁa/ |
grommèlerons /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁɔ̃/ |
grommèlerez /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁe/ |
grommèleront /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | grommèlerais /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁɛ/ |
grommèlerais /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁɛ/ |
grommèlerait /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁɛ/ |
grommèlerions /ɡʁɔ.mɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
grommèleriez /ɡʁɔ.mɛ.lə.ʁje/ |
grommèleraient /ɡʁɔ.mɛl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | grommèle /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
grommèles /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
grommèle /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
grommelions /ɡʁɔ.mə.ljɔ̃/ |
grommeliez /ɡʁɔ.mə.lje/ |
grommèlent /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
| imperfect2 | grommelasse /ɡʁɔm.las/ |
grommelasses /ɡʁɔm.las/ |
grommelât /ɡʁɔm.la/ |
grommelassions /ɡʁɔm.la.sjɔ̃/ |
grommelassiez /ɡʁɔm.la.sje/ |
grommelassent /ɡʁɔm.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | grommèle /ɡʁɔ.mɛl/ |
— | grommelons /ɡʁɔm.lɔ̃/ |
grommelez /ɡʁɔm.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “grommeler” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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