hꜣj

See also: ḥꜣj and ḫꜣj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb

 3ae inf.

  1. (intransitive) to descend
    • c. 1850 BCE, The Eloquent Peasant, version R (pRamesseum A/Berlin 10499 recto), 1.2–1.3, trans. Allen:








      m.t wj m hꜣt r kmt r jnt ꜥqw jm n ẖrdw.j
      Look, I am going down to Egypt to get provisions there for my children.
  2. (intransitive) to walk
  3. (transitive) to charge upon (an enemy)

Inflection
Conjugation of hꜣj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: hꜣ, geminated stem: hꜣꜣ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
hꜣt, hꜣj
 hꜣw, hꜣ
 hꜣt, hꜣwt, hꜣyt
 hꜣ
 hꜣ, hꜣy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
hꜣ8, hꜣꜣ8
 ḥr hꜣt, ḥr hꜣj
 m hꜣt, m hꜣj
 r hꜣt, r hꜣj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect hꜣ.n
 hꜣw, hꜣ, hꜣy
 consecutive hꜣ.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative hꜣt, hꜣyt
perfective3 hꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative hꜣ.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective hꜣ, hꜣy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 hꜣw, hꜣ, hꜣy
 hꜣw, hꜣ, hꜣy
 potentialis hꜣ.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive hꜣ, hꜣy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect hꜣ.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective hꜣw1, hꜣy, hꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 hꜣ
 hꜣy, hꜣ
imperfective hꜣꜣ, hꜣꜣy, hꜣꜣw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 hꜣꜣ, hꜣꜣj6, hꜣꜣy6
 hꜣꜣ, hꜣꜣw5
prospective hꜣw1, hꜣy, hꜣ, hꜣtj7
 — hꜣwtj1 4, hꜣtj4, hꜣt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 274 page 180, 274.
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