hlíva

Czech

Etymology

The word is known from Old Czech, when it referred to a kind of fungus, probably fungus of the genus Pleurotus as in modern Czech.[1] It is related to Lower Sorbian gliwk (resin), Old East Slavic глива (gliva, slime, clay), Russian dialect гли́ва (glíva, bergamot pear), Ukrainian глива (hlyva, oyster mushroom) or Serbo-Croatian gljȉva (mushroom). Comes from Proto-Slavic *gliva, which was probably derived from *glivěti (cover with slime) and is related to Lithuanian gleĩvės (slime) or Latvian glīve (algal bloom).[2][3]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɦliːva/
  • Rhymes: -iːva
  • Hyphenation: hlí‧va

Noun

hlíva f

  1. oyster mushroom, Pleurotus (genus of fungi in the family Pleurotaceae) [probably from 14th c.]
  2. Tectella (genus of fungi in the family Mycenaceae)
  3. Phyllotopsis (genus of fungi in the family Tricholomataceae)
  4. some species of fungi in the family Polyporaceae
    1. hlíva fialová (Panus conchatus)
    2. hlíva chlupatá (Lentinus strigosus)
  5. (pathology, obsolete) gumma, non-cancerous growth from the tertiary stage of syphilis
    • 1896, Vítězslav Janovský, “Gumma”, in Ottův slovník naučný, volume X, Praha: J. Otto, page 617:
      Gumma, hlíva, nazývá se druh novotvaru příjičného, který v podobě uzlů ostře ohraničených se jeví na kůži a ostatních orgánech lidského těla jako pozdní projev příjice […]
      Gumma is a kind of syphilitic growth, which appears on the skin and other human body organs in the form of sharply bordered lumps as a late manifestation of syphilis […]

Declension

Synonyms

  • (syphilitic growth): gumma

Hypernyms

  • (genus Pleurotus): houby – kingdom; stopkovýtrusné – division; rouškaté – class; pečárkotvaré – order; hlívovité – family
  • (genus Tectella): houby – kingdom; stopkovýtrusné – division; rouškaté – class; pečárkotvaré – order; helmovkovité – family
  • (genus Phyllotopsis): houby – kingdom; stopkovýtrusné – division; rouškaté – class; pečárkotvaré – order; čirůvkovité – family
  • (syphilitic growth): novotvar

Hyponyms

  • (genus Pleurotus): hlíva čepičkatá, hlíva dubová, hlíva holubí, hlíva máčková, hlíva miskovitá, hlíva plicní, hlíva růžová, hlíva ústřičná, hlíva žlutá – species
  • (genus Tectella): hlíva číškovitá – species
  • (genus Phyllotopsis): hlíva hnízdovitá, hlíva škeblovitá – species

Derived terms

  • hlívečník
  • hlívička
  • hlívovec
  • hlívovité
  • hlívovka
  • hlívovník
  • hlívovníkovité
  • hlívový

References

  1. "hlíva" in Václav Machek, Etymologický slovník jazyka českého, Academia, 1968, page 168.
  2. "*gliva" in Oleg Trubachyov, Этимологический словарь славянских языков (6 ed.), Наука, 1972, page 129–130.
  3. "hlíva" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, Leda, 2015, →ISBN, page 223.

Further reading

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