katsuma
See also: Katsuma
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaccodak, possibly from Proto-Germanic *gātijaną. Cf. Icelandic gæta (“watch over, look after”). Cognate to Finnish katsoa.
Verb
katsuma (da-infinitive katsuda)
Conjugation
Inflection of katsuma (ÕS type 28/õppima, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | katsun | ei katsu | 1st sing. | olen katsunud | ei ole katsunud pole katsunud |
| 2nd sing. | katsud | 2nd sing. | oled katsunud | ||
| 3rd sing. | katsub | 3rd sing. | on katsunud | ||
| 1st plur. | katsume | 1st plur. | oleme katsunud | ||
| 2nd plur. | katsute | 2nd plur. | olete katsunud | ||
| 3rd plur. | katsuvad | 3rd plur. | on katsunud | ||
| passive | katsutakse | ei katsuta | passive | on katsutud | ei ole katsutud pole katsutud |
| past | pluperfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | katsusin | ei katsunud | 1st sing. | olin katsunud | ei olnud katsunud polnud katsunud |
| 2nd sing. | katsusid | 2nd sing. | olid katsunud | ||
| 3rd sing. | katsus | 3rd sing. | oli katsunud | ||
| 1st plur. | katsusime | 1st plur. | olime katsunud | ||
| 2nd plur. | katsusite | 2nd plur. | olite katsunud | ||
| 3rd plur. | katsusid | 3rd plur. | oli katsunud | ||
| passive | katsuti | ei katsutud | passive | oli katsutud | ei olnud katsutud polnud katsutud |
| conditional | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | katsuksin | ei katsuks | 1st sing. | oleksin katsunud | ei oleks katsunud poleks katsunud |
| 2nd sing. | katsuksid | 2nd sing. | oleksid katsunud | ||
| 3rd sing. | katsuks | 3rd sing. | oleks katsunud | ||
| 1st plur. | katsuksime | 1st plur. | oleksime katsunud | ||
| 2nd plur. | katsuksite | 2nd plur. | oleksite katsunud | ||
| 3rd plur. | katsuksid | 3rd plur. | oleksid katsunud | ||
| passive | katsutaks | ei katsutaks | passive | oleks katsutud | ei oleks katsutud poleks katsutud |
| imperative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — |
| 2nd sing. | katsu | ära katsu | 2nd sing. | — | — |
| 3rd sing. | katsugu | ärgu katsugu | 3rd sing. | olgu katsunud | ärgu olgu katsunud |
| 1st plur. | katsugem | ärgem katsugem | 1st plur. | — | — |
| 2nd plur. | katsuge | ärge katsuge | 2nd plur. | — | — |
| 3rd plur. | katsugu | ärgu katsugu | 3rd plur. | olgu katsunud | ärgu olgu katsunud |
| passive | katsutagu | ärgu katsutagu | passive | olgu katsutud | ärgu olgu katsutud |
| quotative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| active | katsuvat | ei katsuvat | active | olevat katsunud | ei olevat katsunud polevat katsunud |
| passive | katsutavat | ei katsutavat | passive | olevat katsutud | ei olevat katsutud polevat katsutud |
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ma-infinitive | da-infinitive | ||||||||
| active | passive | da-form | katsuda | ||||||
| nominative | katsuma | katsutama | des-form | katsudes | |||||
| inessive | katsumas | — | participle | ||||||
| elative | katsumast | — | active | passive | |||||
| translative | katsumaks | — | present | katsuv | katsutav | ||||
| abessive | katsumata | — | past | katsunud | katsutud | ||||
Japanese
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