lwa
See also: lwa-
Haitian Creole
Southern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *-lwa, from Proto-Bantu *-dʊ̀a.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *-lwa, from Proto-Bantu *-dʊ̀a.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *-lwa, from Proto-Bantu *-dʊ̀a.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [lʷa]
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *-lwa, from Proto-Bantu *-dʊ̀a.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /lwa/
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukulwa | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukulwa | ukungalwi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | yilwa | -lwe | |||||||
Plural | yilwani | -lweni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyalwa, ngilwa | engilwayo, engilwa | ngilwa | angilwi | engingalwi | ngingalwi | |||
2nd singular | uyalwa, ulwa | olwayo, olwa | ulwa | awulwi | ongalwi | ungalwi | |||
1st plural | siyalwa, silwa | esilwayo, esilwa | silwa | asilwi | esingalwi | singalwi | |||
2nd plural | niyalwa, nilwa | enilwayo, enilwa | nilwa | anilwi | eningalwi | ningalwi | |||
Class 1 | uyalwa, ulwa | olwayo, olwa | elwa | akalwi | ongalwi | engalwi | |||
Class 2 | bayalwa, balwa | abalwayo, abalwa | belwa | abalwi | abangalwi | bengalwi | |||
Class 3 | uyalwa, ulwa | olwayo, olwa | ulwa | awulwi | ongalwi | ungalwi | |||
Class 4 | iyalwa, ilwa | elwayo, elwa | ilwa | ayilwi | engalwi | ingalwi | |||
Class 5 | liyalwa, lilwa | elilwayo, elilwa | lilwa | alilwi | elingalwi | lingalwi | |||
Class 6 | ayalwa, alwa | alwayo, alwa | elwa | awalwi | angalwi | engalwi | |||
Class 7 | siyalwa, silwa | esilwayo, esilwa | silwa | asilwi | esingalwi | singalwi | |||
Class 8 | ziyalwa, zilwa | ezilwayo, ezilwa | zilwa | azilwi | ezingalwi | zingalwi | |||
Class 9 | iyalwa, ilwa | elwayo, elwa | ilwa | ayilwi | engalwi | ingalwi | |||
Class 10 | ziyalwa, zilwa | ezilwayo, ezilwa | zilwa | azilwi | ezingalwi | zingalwi | |||
Class 11 | luyalwa, lulwa | olulwayo, olulwa | lulwa | alulwi | olungalwi | lungalwi | |||
Class 14 | buyalwa, bulwa | obulwayo, obulwa | bulwa | abulwi | obungalwi | bungalwi | |||
Class 15 | kuyalwa, kulwa | okulwayo, okulwa | kulwa | akulwi | okungalwi | kungalwi | |||
Class 17 | kuyalwa, kulwa | okulwayo, okulwa | kulwa | akulwi | okungalwi | kungalwi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngilwile, ngilwē | engilwile, engilwē | ngilwile, ngilwē | angilwanga | engingalwanga | ngingalwanga | |||
2nd singular | ulwile, ulwē | olwile, olwē | ulwile, ulwē | awulwanga | ongalwanga | ungalwanga | |||
1st plural | silwile, silwē | esilwile, esilwē | silwile, silwē | asilwanga | esingalwanga | singalwanga | |||
2nd plural | nilwile, nilwē | enilwile, enilwē | nilwile, nilwē | anilwanga | eningalwanga | ningalwanga | |||
Class 1 | ulwile, ulwē | olwile, olwē | elwile, elwē | akalwanga | ongalwanga | engalwanga | |||
Class 2 | balwile, balwē | abalwile, abalwē | belwile, belwē | abalwanga | abangalwanga | bengalwanga | |||
Class 3 | ulwile, ulwē | olwile, olwē | ulwile, ulwē | awulwanga | ongalwanga | ungalwanga | |||
Class 4 | ilwile, ilwē | elwile, elwē | ilwile, ilwē | ayilwanga | engalwanga | ingalwanga | |||
Class 5 | lilwile, lilwē | elilwile, elilwē | lilwile, lilwē | alilwanga | elingalwanga | lingalwanga | |||
Class 6 | alwile, alwē | alwile, alwē | elwile, elwē | awalwanga | angalwanga | engalwanga | |||
Class 7 | silwile, silwē | esilwile, esilwē | silwile, silwē | asilwanga | esingalwanga | singalwanga | |||
Class 8 | zilwile, zilwē | ezilwile, ezilwē | zilwile, zilwē | azilwanga | ezingalwanga | zingalwanga | |||
Class 9 | ilwile, ilwē | elwile, elwē | ilwile, ilwē | ayilwanga | engalwanga | ingalwanga | |||
Class 10 | zilwile, zilwē | ezilwile, ezilwē | zilwile, zilwē | azilwanga | ezingalwanga | zingalwanga | |||
Class 11 | lulwile, lulwē | olulwile, olulwē | lulwile, lulwē | alulwanga | olungalwanga | lungalwanga | |||
Class 14 | bulwile, bulwē | obulwile, obulwē | bulwile, bulwē | abulwanga | obungalwanga | bungalwanga | |||
Class 15 | kulwile, kulwē | okulwile, okulwē | kulwile, kulwē | akulwanga | okungalwanga | kungalwanga | |||
Class 17 | kulwile, kulwē | okulwile, okulwē | kulwile, kulwē | akulwanga | okungalwanga | kungalwanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngālwa | engālwa | ngālwa | angilwanga | engingalwanga | ngingalwanga | |||
2nd singular | wālwa | owālwa | wālwa | awulwanga | ongalwanga | ungalwanga | |||
1st plural | sālwa | esālwa | sālwa | asilwanga | esingalwanga | singalwanga | |||
2nd plural | nālwa | enālwa | nālwa | anilwanga | eningalwanga | ningalwanga | |||
Class 1 | wālwa | owālwa | ālwa | akalwanga | ongalwanga | engalwanga | |||
Class 2 | bālwa | abālwa | bālwa | abalwanga | abangalwanga | bengalwanga | |||
Class 3 | wālwa | owālwa | wālwa | awulwanga | ongalwanga | ungalwanga | |||
Class 4 | yālwa | eyālwa | yālwa | ayilwanga | engalwanga | ingalwanga | |||
Class 5 | lālwa | elālwa | lālwa | alilwanga | elingalwanga | lingalwanga | |||
Class 6 | ālwa | ālwa | ālwa | awalwanga | angalwanga | engalwanga | |||
Class 7 | sālwa | esālwa | sālwa | asilwanga | esingalwanga | singalwanga | |||
Class 8 | zālwa | ezālwa | zālwa | azilwanga | ezingalwanga | zingalwanga | |||
Class 9 | yālwa | eyālwa | yālwa | ayilwanga | engalwanga | ingalwanga | |||
Class 10 | zālwa | ezālwa | zālwa | azilwanga | ezingalwanga | zingalwanga | |||
Class 11 | lwālwa | olwālwa | lwālwa | alulwanga | olungalwanga | lungalwanga | |||
Class 14 | bālwa | obālwa | bālwa | abulwanga | obungalwanga | bungalwanga | |||
Class 15 | kwālwa | okwālwa | kwālwa | akulwanga | okungalwanga | kungalwanga | |||
Class 17 | kwālwa | okwālwa | kwālwa | akulwanga | okungalwanga | kungalwanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingalwa | — | ngingalwa | ngingelwe | — | ngingelwe | |||
2nd singular | ungalwa | — | ungalwa | ungelwe | — | ungelwe | |||
1st plural | singalwa | — | singalwa | singelwe | — | singelwe | |||
2nd plural | ningalwa | — | ningalwa | ningelwe | — | ningelwe | |||
Class 1 | angalwa | — | engalwa | angelwe | — | engelwe | |||
Class 2 | bangalwa | — | bengalwa | bangelwe | — | bengelwe | |||
Class 3 | ungalwa | — | ungalwa | ungelwe | — | ungelwe | |||
Class 4 | ingalwa | — | ingalwa | ingelwe | — | ingelwe | |||
Class 5 | lingalwa | — | lingalwa | lingelwe | — | lingelwe | |||
Class 6 | angalwa | — | engalwa | angelwe | — | engelwe | |||
Class 7 | singalwa | — | singalwa | singelwe | — | singelwe | |||
Class 8 | zingalwa | — | zingalwa | zingelwe | — | zingelwe | |||
Class 9 | ingalwa | — | ingalwa | ingelwe | — | ingelwe | |||
Class 10 | zingalwa | — | zingalwa | zingelwe | — | zingelwe | |||
Class 11 | lungalwa | — | lungalwa | lungelwe | — | lungelwe | |||
Class 14 | bungalwa | — | bungalwa | bungelwe | — | bungelwe | |||
Class 15 | kungalwa | — | kungalwa | kungelwe | — | kungelwe | |||
Class 17 | kungalwa | — | kungalwa | kungelwe | — | kungelwe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizokulwa | engizokulwa | ngizokulwa | angizukulwa | engingezukulwa | ngingezukulwa | |||
2nd singular | uzokulwa | ozokulwa | uzokulwa | awuzukulwa | ongezukulwa | ungezukulwa | |||
1st plural | sizokulwa | esizokulwa | sizokulwa | asizukulwa | esingezukulwa | singezukulwa | |||
2nd plural | nizokulwa | enizokulwa | nizokulwa | anizukulwa | eningezukulwa | ningezukulwa | |||
Class 1 | uzokulwa | ozokulwa | ezokulwa | akazukulwa | ongezukulwa | engezukulwa | |||
Class 2 | bazokulwa | abazokulwa | bezokulwa | abazukulwa | abangezukulwa | bengezukulwa | |||
Class 3 | uzokulwa | ozokulwa | uzokulwa | awuzukulwa | ongezukulwa | ungezukulwa | |||
Class 4 | izokulwa | ezokulwa | izokulwa | ayizukulwa | engezukulwa | ingezukulwa | |||
Class 5 | lizokulwa | elizokulwa | lizokulwa | alizukulwa | elingezukulwa | lingezukulwa | |||
Class 6 | azokulwa | azokulwa | ezokulwa | awazukulwa | angezukulwa | engezukulwa | |||
Class 7 | sizokulwa | esizokulwa | sizokulwa | asizukulwa | esingezukulwa | singezukulwa | |||
Class 8 | zizokulwa | ezizokulwa | zizokulwa | azizukulwa | ezingezukulwa | zingezukulwa | |||
Class 9 | izokulwa | ezokulwa | izokulwa | ayizukulwa | engezukulwa | ingezukulwa | |||
Class 10 | zizokulwa | ezizokulwa | zizokulwa | azizukulwa | ezingezukulwa | zingezukulwa | |||
Class 11 | luzokulwa | oluzokulwa | luzokulwa | aluzukulwa | olungezukulwa | lungezukulwa | |||
Class 14 | buzokulwa | obuzokulwa | buzokulwa | abuzukulwa | obungezukulwa | bungezukulwa | |||
Class 15 | kuzokulwa | okuzokulwa | kuzokulwa | akuzukulwa | okungezukulwa | kungezukulwa | |||
Class 17 | kuzokulwa | okuzokulwa | kuzokulwa | akuzukulwa | okungezukulwa | kungezukulwa | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyokulwa | engiyokulwa | ngiyokulwa | angiyukulwa | engingeyukulwa | ngingeyukulwa | |||
2nd singular | uyokulwa | oyokulwa | uyokulwa | awuyukulwa | ongeyukulwa | ungeyukulwa | |||
1st plural | siyokulwa | esiyokulwa | siyokulwa | asiyukulwa | esingeyukulwa | singeyukulwa | |||
2nd plural | niyokulwa | eniyokulwa | niyokulwa | aniyukulwa | eningeyukulwa | ningeyukulwa | |||
Class 1 | uyokulwa | oyokulwa | eyokulwa | akayukulwa | ongeyukulwa | engeyukulwa | |||
Class 2 | bayokulwa | abayokulwa | beyokulwa | abayukulwa | abangeyukulwa | bengeyukulwa | |||
Class 3 | uyokulwa | oyokulwa | uyokulwa | awuyukulwa | ongeyukulwa | ungeyukulwa | |||
Class 4 | iyokulwa | eyokulwa | iyokulwa | ayiyukulwa | engeyukulwa | ingeyukulwa | |||
Class 5 | liyokulwa | eliyokulwa | liyokulwa | aliyukulwa | elingeyukulwa | lingeyukulwa | |||
Class 6 | ayokulwa | ayokulwa | eyokulwa | awayukulwa | angeyukulwa | engeyukulwa | |||
Class 7 | siyokulwa | esiyokulwa | siyokulwa | asiyukulwa | esingeyukulwa | singeyukulwa | |||
Class 8 | ziyokulwa | eziyokulwa | ziyokulwa | aziyukulwa | ezingeyukulwa | zingeyukulwa | |||
Class 9 | iyokulwa | eyokulwa | iyokulwa | ayiyukulwa | engeyukulwa | ingeyukulwa | |||
Class 10 | ziyokulwa | eziyokulwa | ziyokulwa | aziyukulwa | ezingeyukulwa | zingeyukulwa | |||
Class 11 | luyokulwa | oluyokulwa | luyokulwa | aluyukulwa | olungeyukulwa | lungeyukulwa | |||
Class 14 | buyokulwa | obuyokulwa | buyokulwa | abuyukulwa | obungeyukulwa | bungeyukulwa | |||
Class 15 | kuyokulwa | okuyokulwa | kuyokulwa | akuyukulwa | okungeyukulwa | kungeyukulwa | |||
Class 17 | kuyokulwa | okuyokulwa | kuyokulwa | akuyukulwa | okungeyukulwa | kungeyukulwa | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngilwe | ngingalwi | |||||||
2nd singular | ulwe | ungalwi | |||||||
1st plural | silwe | singalwi | |||||||
2nd plural | nilwe | ningalwi | |||||||
Class 1 | alwe | angalwi | |||||||
Class 2 | balwe | bangalwi | |||||||
Class 3 | ulwe | ungalwi | |||||||
Class 4 | ilwe | ingalwi | |||||||
Class 5 | lilwe | lingalwi | |||||||
Class 6 | alwe | angalwi | |||||||
Class 7 | silwe | singalwi | |||||||
Class 8 | zilwe | zingalwi | |||||||
Class 9 | ilwe | ingalwi | |||||||
Class 10 | zilwe | zingalwi | |||||||
Class 11 | lulwe | lungalwi | |||||||
Class 14 | bulwe | bungalwi | |||||||
Class 15 | kulwe | kungalwi | |||||||
Class 17 | kulwe | kungalwi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngalwa | ngangalwa, angalwa, angangalwa | |||||||
2nd singular | walwa | wangalwa, awalwa, awangalwa | |||||||
1st plural | salwa | sangalwa, asalwa, asangalwa | |||||||
2nd plural | nalwa | nangalwa, analwa, anangalwa | |||||||
Class 1 | walwa | wangalwa, akalwa, akangalwa | |||||||
Class 2 | balwa | bangalwa, abalwa, abangalwa | |||||||
Class 3 | walwa | wangalwa, awalwa, awangalwa | |||||||
Class 4 | yalwa | yangalwa, ayalwa, ayangalwa | |||||||
Class 5 | lalwa | langalwa, alalwa, alangalwa | |||||||
Class 6 | alwa | angalwa, awalwa, awangalwa | |||||||
Class 7 | salwa | sangalwa, asalwa, asangalwa | |||||||
Class 8 | zalwa | zangalwa, azalwa, azangalwa | |||||||
Class 9 | yalwa | yangalwa, ayalwa, ayangalwa | |||||||
Class 10 | zalwa | zangalwa, azalwa, azangalwa | |||||||
Class 11 | lwalwa | lwangalwa, alwalwa, alwangalwa | |||||||
Class 14 | balwa | bangalwa, abalwa, abangalwa | |||||||
Class 15 | kwalwa | kwangalwa, akwalwa, akwangalwa | |||||||
Class 17 | kwalwa | kwangalwa, akwalwa, akwangalwa |
Derived terms
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “lwa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “lwa”
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.