naître
See also: naitre
French
Alternative forms
- naitre (1990 spelling reform)
Etymology
From Middle French naistre, from Old French naistre, from Vulgar Latin *nascĕre[1], from Latin nāscor, nāscī, from earlier gnāscor, from Proto-Italic *gnāskōr, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /nɛtʁ/
audio (file) Audio (CAN) (file) - Rhymes: -ɛtʁ
Conjugation
Conjugation of naître (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | naissant /nɛ.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | né /ne/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | naître | ||||||
| compound | être + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | naissant /nɛ.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | étant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | nais /nɛ/ |
nais /nɛ/ |
naît /nɛ/ |
naissons /nɛ.sɔ̃/ |
naissez /nɛ.se/ |
naissent /nɛs/ |
| imperfect | naissais /nɛ.sɛ/ |
naissais /nɛ.sɛ/ |
naissait /nɛ.sɛ/ |
naissions /nɛ.sjɔ̃/ |
naissiez /nɛ.sje/ |
naissaient /nɛ.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | naquis /na.ki/ |
naquis /na.ki/ |
naquit /na.ki/ |
naquîmes /na.kim/ |
naquîtes /na.kit/ |
naquirent /na.kiʁ/ | |
| future | naîtrai /nɛ.tʁe/ |
naîtras /nɛ.tʁa/ |
naîtra /nɛ.tʁa/ |
naîtrons /nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ |
naîtrez /nɛ.tʁe/ |
naîtront /nɛ.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | naîtrais /nɛ.tʁɛ/ |
naîtrais /nɛ.tʁɛ/ |
naîtrait /nɛ.tʁɛ/ |
naîtrions /nɛ.tʁi.jɔ̃/ |
naîtriez /nɛ.tʁi.je/ |
naîtraient /nɛ.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | naisse /nɛs/ |
naisses /nɛs/ |
naisse /nɛs/ |
naissions /nɛ.sjɔ̃/ |
naissiez /nɛ.sje/ |
naissent /nɛs/ |
| imperfect2 | naquisse /na.kis/ |
naquisses /na.kis/ |
naquît /na.ki/ |
naquissions /na.ki.sjɔ̃/ |
naquissiez /na.ki.sje/ |
naquissent /na.kis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | nais /nɛ/ |
— | naissons /nɛ.sɔ̃/ |
naissez /nɛ.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “naître” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
Norman
Etymology
From Old French naistre, from Vulgar Latin *nascĕre, from Latin nāscor, nāscī.
Antonyms
- mouothi (“to die”)
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