nidaah
Navajo
Etymology
ni- (terminative) + -Ø- (3rd person subject prefix) + -Ø- (classifier) + -daah (imperfective stem of root -DÁ, “to sit — 1 actor”)
ni- (terminative) + -Ø- (3rd person subject prefix) + -Ø- (classifier) + -keeh (imperfective stem of root -KÉ, “to sit — 2 actors”)
di- (thematic) + -ni- (terminative) + -Ø- (3rd person subject prefix) + -Ø- (classifier) + -bįįh (imperfective stem of root -BIN, “to sit — 3 actors”)
Note: The 3+ actors stem takes an additional di-thematic prefix.
Usage notes
This verb uses three different verb bases for 1 subject sitting alone, 2 subjects sitting in a pair, and 3+ subjects sitting in a group. All three bases can be conjugated in all 3 numbers (singular, duoplural, distributive plural), with practical different meanings. See sidá, siké, naháaztą́ for further details on a similar situation.
Conjugation
Paradigm: Momentaneous (Ø/si).
IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | nishdaah | niikeeh | diniibįįh |
2nd person | nídaah | nohkeeh | dinohbįįh |
3rd person | nidaah | nikeeh | dinibįįh |
4th person | jinidaah | jinikeeh | dizhnibįįh |
PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | nédá | neeké | dineebin |
2nd person | nínídá | sinooké | disinoobin |
3rd person | neezdá | neezké | dineezbin |
4th person | jineezdá | jineezké | dizhneezbin |
FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dínéeshdaał | díníikeeł | díníibįįł |
2nd person | díníídaał | dínóohkeeł | dínóóhbįįł |
3rd person | dínóodaał | dínóokeeł | dínóobįįł |
4th person | dízhnóodaał | dízhnóokeeł | dízhnóobįįł |
ITERATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | náníshdaah | nániikeeh | ńdiniibįįh |
2nd person | nánídaah | nánóhkeeh | ńdinohbįįh |
3rd person | nánídaah | náníkeeh | ńdinibįįh |
4th person | nánízhdaah | názhníkeeh | ńdizhnibįįh |
OPTATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | nóshdaah | nookeeh | dinoobįįh |
2nd person | nóódaah | noohkeeh | dinoohbįįh |
3rd person | nódaah | nókeeh | dinóbįįh |
4th person | jinódaah | jinókeeh | dizhnóbįįh |