pelēks
Latvian
Etymology
Traditionally derived from pele (“mouse”) (q.v.), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“gray, pale”), with a suffix -ek, to refer to an inherent quality of mice. But maybe it was derived directly from *pel-, via a previous adjective *pels (whence the verb pelēt (“to grow moldy, mildewy”) and the dialectal form pelgans (“grayish”), yielding *pel(e)ks (compare 19th-century family name Peleks); the final vowel would then be lengthened by association with pele (“mouse”). Cognates include Lithuanian pilkas.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [pælæ̂ːks]
Adjective
pelēks (pelēkais comparative, pelēkāks superlative, vispelēkākais adverb, pelēki)
- gray (having the color of, e.g., ash; white with low brightness)
- pelēka krāsa ― gray color
- gaiši, tumši pelēks ― light, dark gray
- zvina pelēks ― lead gray
- pelēkas debesis ― gray sky
- pelēki mākoņi, migla ― gray cloud(s), mist
- gray (having a tone or hue similar to gray when compared to other related elements)
- pelēkais strazds ― gray thrush, fieldfare
- pelēkā alva ― gray tin
- pelēkais čuguns ― gray cast iron
- gray, cloudy
- pelēka diena, pelēks rīts ― gray day, gray morning
- colorless, commonplace, uninteresting, unhealthy
- pelēka ikdiena ― gray (= uninteresting) everyday (life)
- pelēka masa ― gray (= undifferentiated) mass (of people)
- seja slimniekam kļuvusi pelēka ― the pacient's face turned gray
Declension
indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of pelēks
masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
nominative (nominatīvs) | pelēks | pelēki | pelēka | pelēkas | |||||
accusative (akuzatīvs) | pelēku | pelēkus | pelēku | pelēkas | |||||
genitive (ģenitīvs) | pelēka | pelēku | pelēkas | pelēku | |||||
dative (datīvs) | pelēkam | pelēkiem | pelēkai | pelēkām | |||||
instrumental (instrumentālis) | pelēku | pelēkiem | pelēku | pelēkām | |||||
locative (lokatīvs) | pelēkā | pelēkos | pelēkā | pelēkās | |||||
vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Derived terms
See also
Colors in Latvian · krāsas (layout · text) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
balts | pelēks | melns | ||
sarkans, sārts | oranžs ; brūns | dzeltens | ||
zaļš | ||||
zils | ||||
violets | rozā |
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “pelēks”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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