perturber
English
Noun
perturber (plural perturbers)
- One who or that which perturbs.
- 1836, George Payne Rainsford James, Lives of the Most Eminent Foreign Statesmen
- The queen forgot the dignity of her station and the softness of her sex, and, in language more fit for the markets than the court, called him rogue, and traitor, and perturber of the public peace; […]
- 1836, George Payne Rainsford James, Lives of the Most Eminent Foreign Statesmen
- (physics) A source of perturbation.
- This moon is a significant perturber.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin perturbāre, present active infinitive of perturbō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɛʁ.tyʁ.be/
perturber (file)
Conjugation
Conjugation of perturber (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | perturbant /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | perturbé /pɛʁ.tyʁ.be/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | perturber | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | perturbant /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | perturbe /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
perturbes /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
perturbe /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
perturbons /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɔ̃/ |
perturbez /pɛʁ.tyʁ.be/ |
perturbent /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
| imperfect | perturbais /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɛ/ |
perturbais /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɛ/ |
perturbait /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɛ/ |
perturbions /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bjɔ̃/ |
perturbiez /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bje/ |
perturbaient /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | perturbai /pɛʁ.tyʁ.be/ |
perturbas /pɛʁ.tyʁ.ba/ |
perturba /pɛʁ.tyʁ.ba/ |
perturbâmes /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bam/ |
perturbâtes /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bat/ |
perturbèrent /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɛʁ/ | |
| future | perturberai /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁe/ |
perturberas /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁa/ |
perturbera /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁa/ |
perturberons /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁɔ̃/ |
perturberez /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁe/ |
perturberont /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | perturberais /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁɛ/ |
perturberais /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁɛ/ |
perturberait /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁɛ/ |
perturberions /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
perturberiez /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁje/ |
perturberaient /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | perturbe /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
perturbes /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
perturbe /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
perturbions /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bjɔ̃/ |
perturbiez /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bje/ |
perturbent /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
| imperfect2 | perturbasse /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bas/ |
perturbasses /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bas/ |
perturbât /pɛʁ.tyʁ.ba/ |
perturbassions /pɛʁ.tyʁ.ba.sjɔ̃/ |
perturbassiez /pɛʁ.tyʁ.ba.sje/ |
perturbassent /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | perturbe /pɛʁ.tyʁb/ |
— | perturbons /pɛʁ.tyʁ.bɔ̃/ |
perturbez /pɛʁ.tyʁ.be/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “perturber” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Latin
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