renforcer
French
Etymology
From r- (variant of re-) + Old French enforcier.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which ‘c’ is softened to a ‘ç’ before the vowels ‘a’ and ‘o’.
Conjugation of renforcer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | renforçant /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | renforcé /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | renforcer | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | renforçant /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforces /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforçons /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɔ̃/ |
renforcez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ |
renforcent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
| imperfect | renforçais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ |
renforçais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ |
renforçait /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ |
renforcions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
renforciez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sje/ |
renforçaient /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | renforçai /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ |
renforças /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa/ |
renforça /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa/ |
renforçâmes /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sam/ |
renforçâtes /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sat/ |
renforcèrent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | renforcerai /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
renforceras /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
renforcera /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
renforcerons /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ |
renforcerez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
renforceront /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | renforcerais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
renforcerais /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
renforcerait /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
renforcerions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
renforceriez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁje/ |
renforceraient /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforces /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
renforcions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
renforciez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sje/ |
renforcent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
| imperfect2 | renforçasse /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sas/ |
renforçasses /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sas/ |
renforçât /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa/ |
renforçassions /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa.sjɔ̃/ |
renforçassiez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sa.sje/ |
renforçassent /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | renforce /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁs/ |
— | renforçons /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.sɔ̃/ |
renforcez /ʁɑ̃.fɔʁ.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “renforcer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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