serrer
French
Etymology
From Old French serrer, from Vulgar Latin *serrāre (“close, shut”), from Late Latin serāre, present active infinitive of serō (“fasten, bolt”), from Latin sera (“bolt, crossbar”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /sɛ.ʁe/, /se.ʁe/
Audio (file)
Verb
serrer
- to tighten (a screw, a knot)
- Doucement ! Ça ne sert à rien de trop serrer cette vis. ― Gently! It's no use to tighten this screw too much.
- Ton nœud de cravate n'est pas assez serré. ― Your tie's knot isn't tightened enough.
- to shake (hands)
- J'ai refusé de lui serrer la main. ― I refused to shake his/her hand.
- to squeeze
- Il lui serra la bras si fort qu'elle en garda une trace pendant trois jours. ― He squeezed her arm so hard that she had a mark of it for three days.
- (reflexive) to squeeze
- Ils se sont serrés pour lui faire une place. ― They squeezed together to make room for him.
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to shake (hands)
- Les jeunes hommes d'affaires se sont serré la main. ― The young businessmen shook each other's hands.
- (slang) to seduce; to flirt with
Conjugation
Conjugation of serrer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
present participle | serrant /sɛ.ʁɑ̃/ | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
past participle | serré /sɛ.ʁe/ | ||||||
infinitive | |||||||
simple | serrer | ||||||
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
gerund1 | |||||||
simple | serrant /sɛ.ʁɑ̃/ | ||||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | serre /sɛʁ/ |
serres /sɛʁ/ |
serre /sɛʁ/ |
serrons /sɛ.ʁɔ̃/ |
serrez /sɛ.ʁe/ |
serrent /sɛʁ/ |
imperfect | serrais /sɛ.ʁɛ/ |
serrais /sɛ.ʁɛ/ |
serrait /sɛ.ʁɛ/ |
serrions /sɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ |
serriez /sɛ.ʁje/ |
serraient /sɛ.ʁɛ/ | |
past historic2 | serrai /sɛ.ʁe/ |
serras /sɛ.ʁa/ |
serra /sɛ.ʁa/ |
serrâmes /sɛ.ʁam/ |
serrâtes /sɛ.ʁat/ |
serrèrent /sɛ.ʁɛʁ/ | |
future | serrerai /sɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ |
serreras /sɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ |
serrera /sɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ |
serrerons /sɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
serrerez /sɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ |
serreront /sɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | serrerais /sɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
serrerais /sɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
serrerait /sɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
serrerions /sɛ.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
serreriez /sɛ.ʁə.ʁje/ |
serreraient /sɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | serre /sɛʁ/ |
serres /sɛʁ/ |
serre /sɛʁ/ |
serrions /sɛ.ʁjɔ̃/ |
serriez /sɛ.ʁje/ |
serrent /sɛʁ/ |
imperfect2 | serrasse /sɛ.ʁas/ |
serrasses /sɛ.ʁas/ |
serrât /sɛ.ʁa/ |
serrassions /sɛ.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ |
serrassiez /sɛ.ʁa.sje/ |
serrassent /sɛ.ʁas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | serre /sɛʁ/ |
— | serrons /sɛ.ʁɔ̃/ |
serrez /sɛ.ʁe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
Further reading
- “serrer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Latin
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