yáłtiʼ
Navajo
Etymology
yá- (thematic) + -Ø- (3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier) + -tiʼ (durative imperfective stem of root -TIʼ, “to talk”).
Pronunciation
Audio (NV) (file)
Verb
yáłtiʼ
- he/she is speaking, talking
- Naʼáłchíní hólǫ́ǫgo éí nizaad bee bichʼįʼ yáníłtiʼ. Nihimá dóó nihizhéʼé Bilagáana bizaad bił nantłʼah ndi Bilagáanají nihichʼįʼ yádááłtiʼ ńtʼééʼ.
- If you have children, talk to them in your language. Our mothers and fathers spoke to many of us in the white man’s language even though it was difficult for them.
Conjugation
Paradigm: Durative (Ø/yi).
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | yáshtiʼ | yéiiltiʼ | yádeiiltiʼ |
| 2nd person | yáníłtiʼ | yáłtiʼ | yádaałtiʼ |
| 3rd person | yáłtiʼ | yádaałtiʼ | |
| 4th person | yájíłtiʼ | yádajiłtiʼ | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | yááłtiʼ | yéiiltiʼ | yádeiiltiʼ |
| 2nd person | yéíníłtiʼ | yáoołtiʼ | yádaoołtiʼ |
| 3rd person | yááłtiʼ | yádááłtiʼ | |
| 4th person | yájííłtiʼ | yádajííłtiʼ | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | yádeeshtih | yádiiltih | yádadiiltih |
| 2nd person | yádííłtih | yádoołtih | yádadoołtih |
| 3rd person | yádoołtih | yádadoołtih | |
| 4th person | yázhdoołtih | yádazhdoołtih | |
Derived terms
- tsídii yáłtiʼí (“parrot”)
Verbal stems
- IMPERFECTIVE: -tiʼ
- PERFECTIVE: -tiʼ
- FUTURE: -tih
- ITERATIVE: -tih
- OPTATIVE: -tiʼ
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