zvērs
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic *žwēras (perhaps Proto-Balto-Slavic *źwēris), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰwer-os (“wild animal”). Cognates include Lithuanian žvėris, Old Prussian swirins ([zwirins]) (accusative plural), Sudovian wirza ([vīrza] may be a metathesis of [zvīra]), Proto-Slavic *zvěrь (Old Church Slavonic звѣрь (zvěrĭ), Russian зверь (zverʹ), Belarusian звер (zvjer), Ukrainian звір (zvir), Bulgarian звяр (zvjar), Czech zvěř, Polish zwierz), Ancient Greek θήρ (thḗr) (Eolic dialect φήρ (phḗr)), Latin ferus, fera “beast; wild, savage.”[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [zvæ̂ːɾs]
Noun
zvērs m (1st declension)
- beast, (wild) animal (usually a mammal)
- kažokādu zvēri ― fur animals
- plēsīgie zvēri ― beasts of prey
- zvēru pēdas mežā ― animal footprints, trails in the forest
- zvēru ādas ― animal furs
- medīt zvērus ― to hunt (wild) animals
- zvēru dārzs ― zoo (lit. (wild) animal garden)
- zvēru ķēniņš ― the king of beasts (= the lion)
- pirmā sastapšanas ar polāro vilku, pašu dižāko šīs sugas zvēru, notika negaidīti ― the first encounter with the polar wolf, the largest beast of this species, happened unexpectedly
- meža zvēri līdz šim vēl nav iemanījušies attaisīt arī tāpat vien aizvērtas durvis ― forest animals have not so far found a way to open closed doors just like that
- (of people) beast (a particularly evil, heartless, ruthless person)
- tas tak ir īsts zvērs, kurš nepiedod nevienam ne mazākā pārkāpuma! ― but that one (guy) is a real beast who does not forgive anyone even the slightest offense
- Juļus... neesi zvērs... te tu mani nobendēsi... laid! ― Juļus... don't be a beast'... you will kill me here... let go!
- (in the genitive, used adjectivally) very big; extraordinary
- gandrīz visiem, izņemot galda saimnieci, ir zvēra apetīte ― almost everyone, except the hostess, has a big (lit. a beast's) appetite
- bet vispirms gan vajag iedzert pa tasei tējas, ārā būs zvēra aukstums ― but first of all (we) have to drink a cup of tea each, outside it will be very (lit. a beast's) cold
Declension
Declension of zvērs (1st declension)
Derived terms
- zvērība
- zvērīgs, zvērīgums
- zvērisks, zvēriskums
- zvēru ķēniņš
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “zvērs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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