Philip the Good

Examples of Philip the Good in the following topics:

• Flemish Textiles of the Northern Renaissance

  • By 1433 most of the Belgian and Luxembourgian territory, along with much of the rest of the Low Countries, became part of Burgundy under Philip the Good.
  • When Mary of Burgundy, granddaughter of Philip the Good, married Maximilian I, the Low Countries became Hapsburg territory.
  • Their son, Philip I of Castile (Philip the Handsome), was the father of the later Charles V.
  • Trade in the port of Bruges and the textile industry, mostly in Ghent, turned Flanders into the wealthiest part of Northern Europe at the end of the 15th century.
  • The second of the seven tapestries, often called The Unicorn is Found.

• Illuminated Manuscripts

  • Philip the Bold probably had the largest personal library of his time in the mid-15th century; he is estimated to have had about 600 illuminated manuscripts, while a number of his friends and relations had several dozen.
  • These individuals often lived close to the monastery and, in certain instances, dressed as monks whenever they entered the monastery, but were allowed to leave at the end of the day.
  • Paris was the major source of supply after their production spread from the monasteries.
  • However, its importance was supplanted in the 1440s by the cities of Bruges and Ghent, in part due to the patronage of the cultured Philip the Good, who by his death had collected over 1,000 individual books.
  • The Birth of John the Baptist (above) and the Baptism of Christ below, by "Hand G," Turin.

• Romanticism

  • Romanticism, fueled by the French Revolution, was a reaction to the scientific rationalism and classicism of the Age of Enlightenment.
  • In most areas the movement was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 CE to 1840 CE.
  • Though influenced by other artistic and intellectual movements, the ideologies and events of the French Revolution created the primary context from which both Romanticism and the Counter-Enlightenment emerged.
  • Upholding the ideals of the Revolution, Romanticism was a revolt against the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and also a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature.
  • Additionally, disturbing visions and portrayals of nightmares were gaining an audience in Germany as evidenced by Goethe's possession and admiration of paintings by Fuseli, which were said to be capable of "giving the viewer a good fright. " Notable artists included Joseph Vernet, Caspar Wolf, Philip James de Loutherbourg, and Henry Fuseli.

• Reinforced Concrete Construction

  • The reinforcement in the case of concrete is usually, though not always, steel reinforcing bars known as rebar, and is usually embedded passively in the concrete before the concrete sets.
  • A reinforced concrete section where the concrete resists the compression, and steel resists the tension, can be made into almost any shape and size for the construction industry, as exhibited by the Philips Pavilion .
  • When the cement paste within the concrete hardens, this conforms to the surface details of the steel, permitting any stress to be transmitted efficiently between the different materials.
  • When rebar corrodes, the rust expands and tends to flake, cracking the concrete and unbonding the rebar from the concrete.
  • The distinct shape of the Philips Pavilion was made possible by reinforced concrete construction.

• Spanish Architecture in the Baroque Period

  • This sober brick Baroque of the 17th century is still well represented in the streets of the capital in palaces and squares.
  • In contrast to the art of Northern Europe, the Spanish art of the period appealed to the emotions rather than seeking to please the intellect.
  • They were constructed in a sober Baroque international style, often mistaken for neoclassical, by the kings Philip V and Charles III.
  • The Royal Palaces of La Granja de San Ildefonso in Segovia and Aranjuez in Madrid are good examples of Baroque integration of architecture and gardening.
  • The facade of the Santiago de Compostela reflects the Churrigueresque facade; the lavish details of the facade have little structural use.

• Late Classical Period

  • The Late Classical period covers the last decades of the Classical periods in the fourth century BCE before the conquest of Greece by Philip II of Macedon and the beginning of the Hellenistic period following the death of Alexander the Great.
  • The weakened state of the heartland of Greece coincided with the Rise of Macedon, led by Philip II.
  • Decisively defeating an allied army of Thebes and Athens at the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BCE), Philip II became the de facto ruler of all of Greece, except Sparta.
  • Philip then entered into war against the Achaemenid Empire but was assassinated by Pausanias of Orestis early on in the conflict.
  • Alexander, son and successor of Philip, continued the war.

• Paintings, Macedonian Court Art, and the Alexander Mosaic

  • Philip II of Macedon ruled Macedon and expanded the Macedonian empire into Greece, reigning from 359 until 336 BCE, when he was assassinated.
  • However, Philip II was a crafty politician and he carefully cultivated relationships and rivalries among the Greek city-states until, in 338 BCE, he began conquering Greece.
  • Philip II was able to offer stability to the Greek poleis and to strengthen his ties to Greece.
  • The son of Philip II, Alexander, inherited the throne of Macedon as Philip was preparing to campaign in Asia Minor against the Persian Empire in 336 BCE.
  • The death of the last Ptolemaic ruler in Egypt, Cleopatra VII, and the annexation of Egypt by the Romans under Octavian, marked the end of the Hellenistic period.

• Spanish Painting in the Baroque Period

  • Velázquez was a court painter for King Philip IV and found increasingly high demand for his portraits from statesmen, aristocrats, and clergymen across Europe.
  • The painting shows a large room in the Royal Alcazar of Madrid during the reign of King Philip IV and presents several figures, most identifiable from the Spanish court, captured in a particular moment as if in a snapshot.
  • In the background there is a mirror that reflects the upper bodies of the king and queen.
  • Philip IV actively patronized artists who agreed with his views on the Counter-Reformation and religion.
  • Velázquez is perhaps most well-known for his many famous portraits, including this one of King Philip IV.

• Chartreuse de Champmol

  • The monastery was founded in 1383, by Duke Philip the Bold, to provide a dynastic burial place for the Valois Dukes of Burgundy, and operated until it was dissolved in 1791, during the French Revolution.
  • Claes Sluter and his workshop produced sculptures of Philip and his wife kneeling in prayer toward the central sculpture of the Madonna and Child for the church's main portal.
  • The figures range from the namesake of the well to Old Testament prophets to the Crucifixion.
  • The base of the Well of Moses shows the prophets who foretold the coming of Christ.
  • Sculptures of Philip the Bold (left) and his wife (right) kneeling before the Madonna and Child.

• Rococo Architecture

  • Whilst the styles were similar, there are some notable differences between both Rococo and Baroque architecture, one of them being symmetry, since Rococo emphasized the asymmetry of forms, whilst Baroque was the opposite.
  • The styles, despite both being richly decorated, also had different themes; the Baroque, for instance, was more serious, placing an emphasis on religion, and was often characterized by Christian themes (as a matter of fact, the Baroque began in Rome as a response to the Protestant Reformation); Rococo architecture was an 18th-century, more secular, adaptation of the Baroque which was characterized by more light-hearted and jocular themes.
  • Other elements belonging to the architectural style of Rococo include numerous curves and decorations, as well as the usage of pale colors.
  • Amongst the most famous include the Catherine Palace, in Russia, the Queluz National Palace in Portugal, the Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces, Brühl, the Chinese House (Potsdam) the Charlottenburg Palace in Germany, as well as elements of the Château de Versailles in France.
  • Architects who were renowned for their constructions using the style include Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli, an Italian architect who worked in Russia and who was noted for his lavish and opulent works, Philip de Lange, who worked in both Danish and Dutch Rococo architecture, or Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann, who worked in the late Baroque style and who contributed to the reconstruction of the city of Dresden, in Germany.