Chapter 29
Europe and America from 1900-1950 CE
By Boundless
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The early 20th century was marked by rapid industrial, economic, social and cultural change, which influenced the worldview of many and set the stage for new artistic movements.
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The Fauves were a group of early twentieth-century Modern artists based in Paris whose works challenged Impressionist values.
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As one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, Pablo Picasso is widely known for his involvement in Cubism and Primitivism.
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Futurism and Constructivism developed from Cubism in Italy and Russia respectively.
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German Expressionism refers to a number of related creative movements beginning before WWI and peaking in Berlin during the 1920s.
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Modern abstract sculpture developed alongside other avant-garde movements of the early 20th century like Cubism and Surrealism.
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Dada and Surrealism were multidisciplinary cultural movements of the European avant-garde that emerged in Zurich and Paris respectively during the time of WWI.
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Constructivism was an artistic and architectural philosophy that originated in Russia in 1919 that rejected the idea of autonomous art.
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The Amsterdam School is a style of architecture that lasted from 1910 to 1930, with the aim of creating a total architectural experience.
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The Bauhaus was a school in Germany that combined crafts and the fine arts and was famous for its functionalist approach to design.
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The Ashcan School was a movement within American Realism known for portraying scenes of daily life in New York's poorer neighborhoods.
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Photography developed as an art form throughout the early 20th century largely due to a number of artists who worked to legitimize the medium by moving it into a gallery setting.
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The Armory Show of 1913 displayed the work of European avant-garde artists alongside their American counterparts.
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The Harlem Renaissance (1920s-1930s) was an African-American cultural movement known for its proliferation in art, music, and literature.
Regionalism refers to a naturalist and realist style of painting that dominated American rural painting in the 1930s.
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During the 1930s and 40s, photography developed further in terms of both its technical possibilities as well as its function as an art form.
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Expressionist architecture was a European movement of the twentieth century that came about in parallel with the expressionist visual and performing arts.
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Art Deco and Streamline Moderne were two key styles of early 20th century American architecture.
Abstract expressionism was an American post–World War II art movement.
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Action painting, created by Jackson Pollock, is a style in which paint is spontaneously splattered, smeared or dripped onto the canvas.
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Color Field painting can be recognized by its large fields of solid color spread across or stained into the canvas creating areas of unbroken surface and a flat picture plane.
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The New York School was an informal group of American abstract painters and other artists active in the 1950s and 1960s.
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During the postwar period, many sculptors made work in the prevalent styles of the time: Abstract Expressionism, Minimalism and Pop Art.