horizontal translation

(noun)

A shift of the function along the $x$-axis.

Related Terms

Examples of horizontal translation in the following topics:

  • Translations

    • A translation of a function is a shift in one or more directions.
    • In algebra, this essentially manifests as a vertical or horizontal shift of a function.
    • To translate a function horizontally is the shift the function left or right.
    • The general equation for a horizontal shift is given by:
    • Let's use the same basic quadratic function to look at horizontal translations.

  • Symmetry of Functions

    • The image below shows an example of a function and its symmetry over the $x$-axis (vertical reflection) and over the $y$-axis (horizontal reflection).  
    • A function can have symmetry by reflecting its graph horizontally or vertically.  
    • This type of symmetry is a translation over an axis.

  • Rolling Without Slipping

    • The motion of rolling without slipping can be broken down into rotational and translational motion.
    • To relate this to a real world phenomenon, we can consider the example of a wheel rolling on a flat, horizontal surface.
    • Rolling without slipping can be better understood by breaking it down into two different motions: 1) Motion of the center of mass, with linear velocity v (translational motion); and 2) rotational motion around its center, with angular velocity w.

  • The Existence of Inverse Functions and the Horizontal Line Test

    • Recognize whether a function has an inverse by using the horizontal line test

  • Horizontal Communication

    • Horizontal communication is the flow of messages across individuals and groups on the same level of an organization.
    • Horizontal communication does not involve relaying information up or down across levels.
    • Some barriers to horizontal communication are differences in style, personality, or roles amongst co-workers.
    • Lingering expectations from the old system can significantly inhibit the implementation of horizontal communication.
    • Horizontal communication refers to any communication between employees at the same level of an organization

  • Gene Transfer in Archaea

    • Transcription and translation in archaea resemble the same processes more closely in eukaryotes than in bacteria, with the archaean RNA polymerase and ribosomes being very close to their equivalents in eukaryotes.
    • This phenomenon is described as horizontal gene transfer.
    • Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) refers to the transfer of genes between organisms in a manner other than traditional reproduction.
    • Archaea show high levels of horizontal gene transfer between lineages.
    • Taken together it is clear that gene transfer happens in Archaea, and probably is similar to horizontal gene transfer seen in the other domains of life.

  • Shared Features of Archaea and Eukaryotes

    • Complicating factors include claims that the relationship between eukaryotes and the archaeal phylum Crenarchaeota is closer than the relationship between the Euryarchaeota and the phylum Crenarchaeota, and the presence of archaean-like genes in certain bacteria, such as Thermotoga maritima, from horizontal gene transfer.
    • Despite this visual similarity to bacteria, archaea possess genes and several metabolic pathways that are more closely-related to those of eukaryotes, notably the enzymes involved in transcription and translation.

  • Regulation of Sigma Factor Translation

    • The regulation of expression of sigma factors occurs at transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels as dictated by the cellular environment and the presence or absence of numerous cofactors.
    • Specifically, the translational control of the sigma factor is a major level of control.
    • The translational control of sigma factors involves the presence and function of small noncoding RNAs.
    • The small noncoding RNAs are able to specifically increase the amount of rpoS mRNA that undergoes translation.
    • These RNAs can induce activation of rpoS translation.

  • Horizontal Asymptotes and Limits at Infinity

    • The asymptotes are computed using limits and are classified into horizontal, vertical and oblique depending on the orientation.
    • They can be computed using limits and are classified into horizontal, vertical and oblique asymptotes depending on the orientation.
    • Horizontal asymptotes are horizontal lines that the graph of the function approaches as $x$ tends toward $+ \infty$ or $- \infty$.
    • The horizontal line $y = c$is a horizontal asymptote of the function $y = ƒ(x)$ if $\lim_{x\rightarrow -\infty}f(x)=c$ or $\lim_{x\rightarrow +\infty}f(x)=c$.
    • The graph of a function can have two horizontal asymptotes.

  • The Act of Translating: Hijacking Authority

    • Finally, the fifth variation, $T \rightarrow X + Y$ , refers to the act of translating a thought from one language to another.
    • The authenticity of the translation then becomes of secondary importance at best, and the principal issue becomes: what words, labeled as the results of translation, will be most likely to encourage the people who read them to act in the ways desired by the translator?
    • The most obvious potential for this second kind of translation—translation with a hidden agenda—exists when the words being translated come from a document which people tend to regard as authoritative. * When the document being "translated" is in the same language as that it is translated into, we normally use the term interpret rather than translate, but here too there are abundant opportunities for a hidden agenda. **
    • *The Bible is probably the most obvious target for translations based on a "hidden agenda".
    • **An authoritative document frequently subjected to hidden agenda translations is the US Constitution.