Jin dynasty

(noun)

This dynasty lasted from 1115–1234 as one of the last dynasties in Chinese history to predate the Mongol invasion of China; they warred with the Song dynasty.

Related Terms

Examples of Jin dynasty in the following topics:

  • Expansion Throughout Eastern Asia

    • Under Genghis Khan and his son Ögedei, the Mongol Empire conquered both the Western Xia Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty to the west.
    • To the east and south was the Jin Dynasty of northern China.
    • The Xia Dynasty also shared a complex history with the neighboring Jin Dynasty, even serving as a vassal state  to the Jin for a period before the arrival of Mongol forces.
    • The last major battle between the Jin and the Mongols was the siege of Caizhou in 1234 CE, which marked the collapse of the Jin Dynasty.
    • The years of war took a heavy toll on the population of the Jin Dynasty, as it had in the Western Xia.

  • The Southern Song Era

    • The Southern Song (1127–1279) was the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in the Jin–Song Wars and retreated south of the Yangtze, establishing a capital at Lin'an.
    • Although the Song dynasty was able to hold back the Jin, a new foe came to power over the steppe, deserts, and plains north of the Jin dynasty.
    • The Jin dynasty was forced to submit and pay tribute to the Mongols as vassals; when the Jin suddenly moved their capital city from Beijing to Kaifeng, the Mongols saw this as a revolt.
    • Under the leadership of Ögedei Khan (r.1229–1241), Mongol forces conquered both the Jin dynasty and Western Xia dynasty.
    • The extent of the land holdings of the Southern Song dynasty, significantly reduced from Northern Song's holdings by the Jin dynasty.

  • Architecture during the Six Dynasties Period

    • The Six Dynasties (220-589 CE) in Chinese history was a time of great advancements in architecture.
    • The Six Dynasties is a collective term for six Chinese dynasties during the periods of the Three Kingdoms (220–280 CE; also known as the Eastern Wu or the Cao Wei), the Jin Dynasty (265–420 CE), and the Southern and Northern Dynasties (420–589 CE, which include the Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang, and Chen Dynasties).
    • Much of what is known of the architecture of this period comes from artistic goods that depicted miniature versions of Six Dynasties architecture.
    • Jar designs of the Jin Dynasty often incorporated architectural designs as well as animal and Buddhist figures.
    • A circular-based stone-constructed Buddhist pagoda built in 523 CE during the Southern and Northern Dynasties period of the Six Dynasties.

  • Calligraphy during the Six Dynasties Period

    • Some of the most famous Chinese calligraphers lived during the Six Dynasties period.
    • The Six Dynasties refers to the dynasties during the periods of the Eastern Wu Dynasty (222–280), Jin Dynasty (265–420), Liu Song Dynasty (420–479), Southern Qi Dynasty (479–502), Liang Dynasty (502–557), and Chen Dynasty (557–589).
    • One of these famous calligraphers was Wang Xizhi, who lived during the 4th century CE in the middle of the Jin Dynasty.
    • Main text of a Tang Dynasty copy of Wang Xizhi's Lantingji Xu, by Feng Chengsu.
    • Describe the evolution of Chinese calligraphy from ancient China to the Six Dynasties.

  • Painting during the Six Dynasties Period

    • During the Six Dynasties period (220–589 CE), people began to write about art and appreciate painting for its own beauty.
    • The Six Dynasties period (220–589 CE) takes its name from the six ruling dynasties of the era: the Eastern Wu Dynasty (222–280), Jin Dynasty (265–420), Liu Song Dynasty (420–479), Southern Qi Dynasty (479–502), Liang Dynasty (502–557), and Chen Dynasty (557–589).
    • During the Six Dynasties period, people began to write about art and appreciate painting for its own beauty.
    • The painting Luoshenfu by artist Gu Kaizhi, painted during the Six Dynasties Period.
    • Summarize the Six Principles of painting according to Xie He and draw a timeline of the eras within the Six Dynasties

  • Origins of the Song Dynasty

    • The Song dynasty was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279; it succeeded the tumultuous Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period and saw many technological and cultural innovations.
    • It succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, and was followed by the Yuan dynasty.
    • The Song dynasty was divided into two distinct periods, Northern and Southern.
    • The Southern Song (1127–1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in the Jin-Song Wars.
    • The Later Zhou was the last of the Five Dynasties that had controlled northern China after the fall of the Tang dynasty in 907.

  • The Fall of the Han and the Three Kingdoms Period

    • He Jin wanted to exterminate the Ten Attendants, a group of influential eunuch officials.
    • The plot was discovered by the eunuchs, and He Jin was killed.
    • Xian would be the last emperor of the Han Dynasty.
    • The result was the period of the Three Kingdoms, which lasted until 280 CE, when the Jin Dynasty took over.
    • The Three Kingdoms in 262 CE after the fall of the Han dynasty.

  • The Mongal Invasions

    • The Yuan dynasty was the ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.
    • The Yuan dynasty is considered both a successor to the Mongol Empire and an imperial Chinese dynasty.
    • In official Chinese histories, the Yuan dynasty bore the Mandate of Heaven, following the Song dynasty and preceding the Ming dynasty.
    • In the Proclamation of the Dynastic Name, Kublai announced the name of the new dynasty as Great Yuan and claimed the succession of former Chinese dynasties from the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors to the Tang dynasty.
    • Under the reign of Genghis' third son, Ögedei Khan, the Mongols destroyed the weakened Jin dynasty in 1234, conquering most of northern China.

  • Architecture during the Tang Dynasty

    • The Sui Dynasty (589–618 CE) was a short-lived Imperial Chinese dynasty.
    • The Sui Dynasty was followed by the Tang Dynasty, which ruled from June 18, 618 until June 1, 907 CE, when the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period began.
    • The Tang dynasty was largely a period of progress and stability in the first half of the dynasty's rule, until the An Lushan Rebellion and the decline of central authority in the later half of the dynasty.
    • The dynasty was interrupted briefly by the Second Zhou Dynasty (October 8, 690 – March 3, 705), when Empress Wu Zetian seized the throne, becoming the only Chinese empress to reign, ruling in her own right.
    • Chang'an was the capital city of the Tang Dynasty, as in the earlier Han and Jin dynasties.

  • Painting under the Ming Dynasty

    • During the Ming Dynasty, Chinese painting developed greatly from the achievements of the earlier Song and Yuan Dynasties.
    • During the Ming Dynasty, Chinese painting developed greatly from the achievements of the earlier Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty.
    • Its formation is credited to painter Shen Zhou, who is known for using brushstrokes in the tradition of Yuan Dynasty masters.
    • The Songjiang School and Huating School were born and developed toward the end of the Ming Dynasty.
    • Dai Jin, "Landscape in the Style of Yan Wengui", hanging scroll, ink on paper (Early Ming Dynasty)