Examples of molecularity in the following topics:
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- For example, for butane, the molecular formula is C4H10.
- For example, the molecular formula of sodium fluoride is NaF.
- A molecular formula is not a chemical name, and it contains no words.
- The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6.
- To convert between empirical and molecular formulas, the empirical formula can be multiplied by a whole number to reach the molecular formula.
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- The isolation of molecular products from microbes is considered to be a key component of molecular biology research.
- The expansion and growing popularity of the field of molecular biology has resulted in a higher demand for tools used to study molecular biology.
- The field of molecular biology specifically deals with the molecular mechanisms of a cell and focuses on the regulation of cellular interactions.
- The following is a brief overview of some of the molecular products derived from microbes that allow for the performance of popular molecular biology techniques.
- Describe how Taq polymerase, restriction enzymes and DNA ligase are used in molecular biology
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- Recall that the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon (CnHm) provides information about the number of rings and/or double bonds that must be present in its structural formula.
- This molecular formula analysis may be extended beyond hydrocarbons by a few simple corrections.
- All halogens present in the molecular formula must be replaced by hydrogen.
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- The science of molecules is called molecular chemistry or molecular physics, depending on the focus.
- Molecular chemistry deals with the laws governing the interaction between molecules resulting in the formation and breakage of chemical bonds; molecular physics deals with the laws governing their structure and properties.
- In molecular sciences, a molecule consists of a stable system (bound state) comprising two or more atoms.
- The molecular formula characterizes different molecules by reflecting their exact number of compositional atoms.
- The empirical formula is often the same as the molecular formula, but not always; for example, the molecule acetylene has molecular formula C2H2, but the simplest integer ratio of elements is CH.
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- Molecular compounds are named using a systematic approach of prefixes to indicate the number of each element present in the compound.
- Molecular compounds are made when two or more elements share electrons in a covalent bond to connect the elements.
- Typically, non-metals tend to share electrons, make covalent bonds, and thus, form molecular compounds.
- When naming molecular compounds prefixes are used to dictate the number of a given element present in the compound. " mono-" indicates one, "di-" indicates two, "tri-" is three, "tetra-" is four, "penta-" is five, and "hexa-" is six, "hepta-" is seven, "octo-" is eight, "nona-" is nine, and "deca" is ten.
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- Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the macroscopic properties of gases and can be used to understand and explain the gas laws.
- The following are the basic assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory:
- According to Kinetic Molecular Theory, an increase in temperature will increase the average kinetic energy of the molecules.
- Reviews kinetic energy and phases of matter, and explains the kinetic-molecular theory of gases.
- Express the five basic assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases.
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- When we describe the mechanism of a chemical reaction, it is important to identify the rate-determining step and to determine its "molecularity".
- The molecularity of a reaction is defined as the number of molecules or ions that participate in the rate determining step.
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- Molecules held together by van der Waals forces form molecular solids.
- Molecular solids also have relatively low density and hardness.
- The term "molecular solid" may refer not to a certain chemical composition, but to a specific form of a material.
- White phosphorus forms molecular crystals composed of tetrahedral P4 molecules.
- Conductivity of molecular solids can be induced by "doping" fullerenes (e.g., C60).
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- The process of establishing relationships between organisms is increasingly becoming more accurate due to advances in molecular analysis.
- Previously, phylogenetic trees were constructed based on homologous and analogous morphology; however, with the advances in molecular biology, construction of phylogenetic trees is increasingly performed using data derived from molecular analyses.
- Many evolutionary relationships in the modern tree have only recently been determined due to molecular evidence.
- Molecular data have also shed light on some differences within the lophotrochozoan group.
- Distinguish between morphological and molecular data in creating phylogenetic trees of animals
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- The VSPER theory detremines molecular geometries (linear, trigonal, trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral, and octahedral).
- Molecular geometries (linear, trigonal, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral) are determined by the VSEPR theory.
- The table of molecular geometries can be found in the first figure.