primary immunodeficiency

(noun)

Any of the many genetic disorders due to an aspect of the body's immune system being either absent or failing to function normally.

Examples of primary immunodeficiency in the following topics:

  • Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases

    • Primary immunodeficiencies are disorders in which part of the body's immune system is missing, or does not function properly.
    • Primary immunodeficiencies are disorders in which a part of the body's immune system is missing or does not function properly.
    • The precise symptoms of a primary immunodeficiency depend on the type of defect.
    • The treatment of primary immunodeficiencies depends foremost on the nature of the abnormality.
    • Describe primary immunodeficiency disorders and explain what treatment options are available

  • Secondary Immunodeficiency Diseases

    • Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired ("secondary") but some people are born with defects in their immune system, or primary immunodeficiency.
    • Distinction between primary versus secondary immunodeficiencies are based on, respectively, whether the cause originates in the immune system itself or is, in turn, due to insufficiency of a supporting component of it or an external decreasing factor of it.
    • Primary Immunodeficiency is also known as "congenital immunodeficiencies. " Many of these disorders are hereditary and are autosomal recessive or X-linked.
    • There are over 80 recognized primary immunodeficiency syndromes; they are generally grouped by the part of the immune system that is malfunctioning, such as lymphocytes or granulocytes.
    • The treatment of primary immunodeficiencies depends on the nature of the defect and may involve antibody infusions, long-term antibiotics, and (in some cases) stem cell transplantation.

  • Immunodeficiencies

    • Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired (secondary) but some people are born with a defective immune system, or primary immunodeficiency.
    • Immunodeficiency often affects multiple components, with notable examples including severe combined immunodeficiency (which is primary) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (which is secondary).
    • Primary Immunodeficiency is also known as congenital immunodeficiency.
    • There are over 80 recognised primary immunodeficiency syndromes—generally grouped by the part of the immune system that is malfunctioning, such as lymphocytes or granulocytes.
    • The treatment of primary immunodeficiencies depends on the nature of the defect, and may involve antibody infusions, long-term antibiotics, and (in some cases) stem cell transplantation.

  • Immunodeficiency

    • Dozens of genetic disorders result in immunodeficiencies, including Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID), bare lymphocyte syndrome, and MHC II deficiencies.
    • Rarely, primary immunodeficiencies that are present from birth may occur.
    • Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), is a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) .
    • During primary infection, the level of HIV may reach several million virus particles per milliliter of blood.
    • During primary infection, the level of HIV may reach several million virus particles per milliliter of blood.

  • HIV and AIDS

    • Human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a disease of the human immune system caused by HIV.
    • Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV ).
    • Primary HIV infection: May be either asymptomatic or associated with acute retroviral syndrome.
    • Describe the mode of transmission, mechanisms of infection, treatment options, and WHO and CDC classifications for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

  • Primary and Secondary Antibody Responses

    • Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections.
    • In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication.

  • Thymus

    • Surprisingly, removal of the thymus does not result in a T cell immunodeficiency.
    • It consists of primary lymphoid tissue, which provides a site for the generation and maturation of T lymphocytes, which are critical cells of the adaptive immune system.
    • When it is removed late in life, immunodeficiency is uncommon because of its activity early on, though it will cause severe immunodeficiency if removed early in life.

  • Syphilis

    • The primary stage classically presents itself with a single chancre (a firm, painless, non-itchy skin ulceration) as shown in .
    • However, rates of infection have increased since the turn of the century in many countries, often in combination with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
    • Primary syphilis is typically acquired by direct sexual contact with the infectious lesions of another person.
    • Secondary syphilis occurs approximately four to 10 weeks after the primary infection.
    • Approximately 30 to 60 percent of those exposed to primary or secondary syphilis will get the disease.

  • Components of Plasma Membranes

    • The primary function of the plasma membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings.
    • Some viruses, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), can hijack these receptors to gain entry into the cells, causing infections.

  • Syphilis

    • The primary route of transmission is through sexual contact; it may also be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy or at birth, resulting in congenital syphilis.
    • The signs and symptoms of syphilis vary depending in which of the four stages it presents (primary, secondary, latent, and tertiary).
    • After decreasing dramatically since the widespread availability of penicillin in 1940s, rates of infection have increased since the turn of the millennium in many countries, often in combination with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
    • Primary syphilis is typically acquired by direct sexual contact with the infectious lesions of another person.
    • Secondary syphilis occurs approximately four to ten weeks after the primary infection.