radial artery

Examples of radial artery in the following topics:

• Pulse

  • Pulse is a measurement of heart rate by touching and counting beats at several body locations, typically at the wrist radial artery.
  • Pulse rate or velocity is usually measured either at the wrist from the radial artery and is recorded as beats per minute (bpm).
  • Other common measurement locations include the carotid artery in the neck and popliteal artery behind the knee
  • The pulse deficit (difference between heartbeats and pulsations at the periphery) is determined by simultaneous palpation at the radial artery and auscultation at the heart apex.
  • Measurement of the pulse can occur at several locations, including the radial artery shown here.

• Checking Circulation

  • Radial pulse is commonly measured using three fingers: the finger closest to the heart is used to occlude the pulse pressure, the middle finger is used to get a crude estimate of blood pressure, and the finger most distal to the heart is used to nullify the effect of the ulnar pulse as the two arteries are connected via the palmar arches.
  • Hypertension refers to abnormally high arterial pressure, as opposed to hypotension, when it is abnormally low.
  • Listening with the stethoscope to the brachial artery at the elbow, the examiner slowly releases the pressure in the cuff.
  • When blood just starts to flow in the artery, the turbulent flow creates a "whooshing" or pounding (first Korotkoff sound).
  • The cuff pressure is further released until no sound can be heard (fifth Korotkoff sound), at the diastolic arterial pressure.

• Muscular Arteries

  • Distributing arteries are medium-sized arteries that draw blood from an elastic artery and branch into resistance vessels.
  • Muscular or distributing arteries are medium-sized arteries that draw blood from an elastic artery and branch into resistance vessels, including small arteries and arterioles.
  • The splenic artery (lienal artery), the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the spleen, is an example of a muscular artery.
  • It branches from the celiac artery and follows a course superior to the pancreas.
  • Transverse section of the human spleen showing the distribution of the splenic artery and its branches

• Veins of the Upper Limbs

  • The major deep veins of the arm are the radial and ulnar veins, which run along the length of their respective bones and merge at the elbow to form the paired brachial vein.
  • The brachial vein runs from the elbow up to the shoulder parallel to the brachial artery.

• Arteries of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs

  • The abdominal aorta divides into the major arteries of the leg: the femoral, popliteal, tibial, dorsal foot, plantar, and fibular arteries.
  • The pelvic cavity is largely supplied by the paired internal iliac arteries, formed when the common iliac artery divides the internal iliac artery at the vertebral level L5 descends inferiorly into the lesser pelvis.
  • The external iliac artery passes into the thigh, becoming the femoral artery.
  • Key branches include the obturator artery, the inferior vesical artery in men and the equivalent vaginal artery in females, and the rectal and gluteal arteries.
  • The posterior trunk gives rise to arteries that supply the posterior pelvic wall and the gluteal region, including the iliolumbar artery that supplies the psoas major muscle, the lateral sacral arteries, and the superior gluteal artery.

• Animal Characterization Based on Body Symmetry

  • Animals can be classified by three types of body plan symmetry: radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry, and asymmetry.
  • Radial symmetry is the arrangement of body parts around a central axis, like rays on a sun or pieces in a pie.
  • Radially symmetrical animals have top and bottom surfaces, but no left and right sides, or front and back.
  • All true animals, except those with radial symmetry, are bilaterally symmetrical.
  • This is termed secondary radial symmetry.

• Artery Function

  • Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart under pressure.
  • As with veins, arteries are comprised of three layers: the tunicae intima, media, and externa.
  • This pressure variation within the artery produces the observable pulse that reflects heart activity.
  • Larger arteries are typically elastic and smaller arteries are more likely to be muscular.
  • Distinguish the function of the arterial system from that of venous system

• Overview of Non-Uniform Circular Motion

  • The change in speed has implications for radial (centripetal) acceleration.
  • A change in $v$ will change the magnitude of radial acceleration.
  • The greater the speed, the greater the radial acceleration.
  • 2: The radial (centripetal) force is constant (like a satellite rotating about the earth under the influence of a constant force of gravity).
  • The important thing to note here is that, although change in speed of the particle affects radial acceleration, the change in speed is not affected by radial or centripetal force.

• Stress and Strain

  • If the charge is positive, field lines point radially away from it; if the charge is negative, field lines point radially towards it.
  • The above equation is defined in radial coordinates which can be seen in .
  • The electric field of a positively charged particle points radially away from the charge.
  • The electric field of a negatively charged particle points radially toward the particle.
  • The electric field of a point charge is defined in radial coordinates.

• Electric Field from a Point Charge

  • If the charge is positive, field lines point radially away from it; if the charge is negative, field lines point radially towards it .
  • The above equation is defined in radial coordinates, which can be seen in .
  • The electric field of a positively charged particle points radially away from the charge.
  • The electric field of a negatively charged particle points radially toward the particle.
  • The electric field of a point charge is defined in radial coordinates.