lysis

(noun)

The disintegration or destruction of cells

Related Terms

Examples of lysis in the following topics:

  • Complement Fixation

    • Lysis of the indicator sheep red blood cells signifies both a lack of antibody in patient serum and a negative complement fixation test.
    • If the patient's serum does contain a complement-fixing antibody, a positive result will be indicated by the lack of red blood cell lysis.

  • Batch Culture of Bacteriophages

    • Phages may be released via cell lysis, by extrusion, or, in a few cases, by budding.
    • Lysis, by tailed phages, is achieved by an enzyme called endolysin, which attacks and breaks down the cell wall peptidoglycan.

  • Bacteriophage Lambda as a Cloning Vector

    • Usually, a "lytic cycle" ensues, where the lambda DNA is replicated many times and the genes for head, tail and lysis proteins are expressed.
    • This leads to assembly of multiple new phage particles within the cell and subsequent cell lysis, releasing the cell contents, including virions that have been assembled, into the environment.

  • Type II (Cytotoxic) Reactions

    • That is, mediators of acute inflammation are generated at the site and membrane attack complexes cause cell lysis and death.
    • These channels disrupt the phospholipid bilayer of target cells, leading to cell lysis and death.

  • The Complement System

    • Activation of the complement leads to robust and efficient proteolytic cascades, which terminate in opsonization and lysis of the pathogen as well as in the generation of the classical inflammatory response through the production of potent proinflammatory molecules.
    • The functions of the complement system, oposonization, lysis, and generation of the inflammatory response through soluble mediators, are paradigmatic and represent a well-characterized component of an innate host defense.

  • The Cell Wall of Bacteria

    • A wall located outside the cell membrane provides the cell support, and protection against mechanical stress or damage from osmotic rupture and lysis .

  • Overview of Bacterial Viruses

    • At this point they initiate the reproductive cycle, resulting in lysis of the host cell.
    • Phages may be released via cell lysis, by extrusion, or, in a few cases, by budding.
    • Lysis, by tailed phages, is achieved by an enzyme called endolysin, which attacks and breaks down the cell wall peptidoglycan.

  • Viral Exit

    • Viruses can be released from the host cell by lysis, a process that kills the cell by bursting its membrane and cell wall if present.
    • Other methods for exit would be cell lysis.
    • Virions are released following cell lysis.

  • Temperate Bacteriophages: Lambda and P1

    • Alternatively, in its lytic phase, P1 can promote cell lysis during growth, resulting in host cell death.
    • Usually, a "lytic cycle" ensues, where the lambda DNA is replicated many times and the genes for head, tail, and lysis proteins are expressed.
    • This leads to assembly of multiple new phage particles within the cell and subsequent cell lysis, releasing the cell contents, including virions that have been assembled, into the environment.

  • The Entner–Doudoroff Pathway

    • Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+.