Examples of boom and bust in the following topics:
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- The Market Revolution produced an upsurge in speculative investments, which resulted in periods of economic boom and bust.
- These speculative investments were frequently made with borrowed funds, resulting in large-scale cycles of boom and bust in the early 1800s.
- Cotton, at first a small-scale crop in the South, boomed following Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin in 1793.
- Millions also migrated to fertile farmlands of the Midwest and new roads and waterways opened up new markets for western farm products.
- The panic resulted in a wave of bankruptcies and bank failures; land prices dropped and wide-scale urban unemployment began .
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- These speculative investments were frequently made with borrowed funds, resulting in large-scale cycles of boom and bust in the early 1800s.
- Cotton, at first a small-scale crop in the South, boomed following Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin in 1793.
- Millions also migrated to fertile farmlands of the Midwest, and new roads and waterways opened up new markets for western farm products.
- In 1837, Vermont's business and credit systems took a hard blow.
- Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois were agricultural states, and the good crops of 1837 were a relief to farmers.
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- At the same time, the rapid expansion of the American economy made it prone to boom-and-bust cycles; it also led to dangerous working conditions and increased tensions between the North and South.
- The Market Revolution primarily benefited wealthy planters in the South, industrialists in the North, and bankers and businessmen.
- The North and South were divided in terms of their economies, social structures, customs, and political values.
- Earlier economic downturns had arisen from international conflicts such as the Embargo Act and the War of 1812, and these downturns had resulted in widespread domestic foreclosures, bank failures, unemployment, and slumps in agriculture and manufacturing.
- Prior to the Panic of 1819, American bankers, who had little experience with corporate charters, promissory notes, bills of exchange, or stocks and bonds, encouraged a land speculation boom during the first years of the Market Revolution and engaged in irresponsible lending.
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- The crash followed a speculative boom that had taken hold in the late 1920s, which had led hundreds of thousands of Americans to invest heavily in the stock market.
- Congress passed the Glass–Steagall Act, mandating a separation between commercial banks, which take deposits and extend loans, and investment banks, which underwrite, issue, and distribute stocks, bonds, and other securities.
- Some 4,000 banks and other lenders ultimately failed.
- Many academics see the Wall Street Crash of 1929 as part of a historical process that was a part of the new theories of boom and bust.
- Discuss the causes and consequences of the 1929 Wall Street crash
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- The Market Revolution (1793–1909) in the United States was a drastic change in the manual-labor system originating in the South (and soon moving to the North) and later spreading to the entire world.
- The dramatic changes in labor and production at this time included a great increase in wage labor.
- The agricultural explosion in the South and West and the textile boom in the North strengthened the economy in complementary ways.
- Federal and local governments, as well as private individuals, invested in roads, canals, and railroads.
- This period of rapid development in the East and expansion in the West produced a wave of land speculation that resulted in economic periods of boom and bust.
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- These industrial and market revolutions, combined with advances in transportation, transformed the economic and social landscape.
- It was now a market economy and the production of goods, and their prices, were unregulated by the government.
- As American economic life shifted rapidly and modes of production changed, new class divisions emerged and solidified, resulting in previously unknown economic and social inequalities.
- At the same time, workers were subjected to harsh and dangerous working conditions and required to work long hours for very little pay and no job security.
- The expansion of the American economy also made it prone to the boom-and-bust cycle, in which runaway land speculation led to economic downturns during which wage workers lost their employment and investors lost their assets.
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- A
speculative boom had taken hold in the late 1920s, which led hundreds of
thousands of Americans to invest heavily in the stock market.
- Depositors, worried they might lose all their savings, withdrew
their deposited amounts – the accounts through which money flows back and forth
among financial institutions – and changed them into hard currency – the paper
and coins we hold.
- Some 4,000 banks and other lenders ultimately
failed.
- Many academics see the Wall Street Crash of 1929 as part of a
historical process called boom and bust.
- Congress passed
the Glass–Steagall Act, officially named the Banking Act of 1933, mandating a
separation between commercial banks, which take deposits and extend loans, and
investment banks, which underwrite, issue, and distribute stocks, bonds and
other securities.
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- The Baby Boom is generally defined as the increase in births between 1946 and 1957, following the end of World War II.
- There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war boom, but most agree that it began in the years immediately after the war ceased and ended more than a decade later—birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1957.
- In countries that suffered heavy war damage, displacement of people and post-war economic hardship—Poland and Germany, for example—the boom began some years later.
- The baby boom triggered booms in housing, consumption, and the labor force.
- The "birth boom" of the post-war period is as much defined by the deaths that preceded and followed it as it is by an exceptionally high fertility rate.
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- The post-World War II period in the United States witnessed unprecedented economic prosperity and important social developments, including critical shifts on the labor market, rise of mass consumerism, "baby boom," and the rapid growth of civil rights movement.
- Consumerism represented one of the consequences (as well as one of the key ingredients) of the postwar economic boom.
- As
economic prosperity empowered couples who had postponed marriage and
parenthood, the birth rate started shooting up in 1941, paused in 1944-45 (with
12 million men in service), and then continued to soar until reaching a peak in
the late 1950s (the post-war "baby boom").
- The red segment from 1946 to 1964 is the postwar baby boom, with birth rates starting to drop around 1960.
- As economic prosperity empowered couples who had postponed marriage and parenthood, the birth rate started shooting up in 1941, paused in 1944-45 (with 12 million men in service), and then continued to soar until reaching a peak in the late 1950s (the post-war "baby boom").
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- After the war, and despite its debt, the United States experienced an economic boom due to the devastation of the Napoleonic Wars.
- The bank aided this boom through its lending, which encouraged speculation in land.
- With such a boom, hardly anyone noticed the widespread fraud occurring at the bank as well as the economic bubble that had been created.
- In the summer of 1818, the national bank managers realized the bank's massive overextension and instituted a policy of contraction and the calling in of loans.
- This recalling of loans at once curtailed land sales and slowed the U.S. production boom, which occurred simultaneously with the recovery of Europe.