Pax Mongolica

Examples of Pax Mongolica in the following topics:

• Trade and Currency under the Yuan

  • During the Yuan dynasty, trade flourished and peace reigned along the newly revived Silk Road, contributing to a period known as the Pax Mongolica.
  • Pax Mongolica, Mongol peace, enabled the spread of technologies, commodities, and culture between China and the West.
  • During the Pax Mongolica, European merchants like Marco Polo made their way from Europe to China on the well-maintained and well-traveled roads that linked Anatolia to China.
  • Along with land trade routes, a Maritime Silk Road contributed to the flow of goods and establishment of a Pax Mongolica.
  • A closeup of the Mallorquín Atlas depicting Marco Polo traveling to the East on the Silk Road during the Pax Mongolica.

• Overview of the Mongol Empire

  • The vast transcontinental empire connected the east with the west with an enforced Pax Mongolica, or Mongol Peace, allowing trade, technologies, commodities, and ideologies to be disseminated and exchanged across Eurasia.
  • The Pax Mongolica refers to the relative stabilization of the regions under Mongol control during the height of the empire in the 13th and 14th centuries.
  • Famous explorers, such as Marco Polo, also enjoyed the freedom and stability the Pax Mongolica provided, and were able to bring back valuable information about the East and the Mongol Empire to Europe.

• The Silk Road

  • This second Pax Sinica helped the Silk Road reach its golden age.
  • The Mongol Empire, and Pax Mongolica, strengthened and re-established the Silk Road between 1207 and 1360 CE.

• Europe's Early Trade Links

  • Although the Mongols had threatened Europe with pillage and destruction, Mongol states also unified much of Eurasia and, from 1206 on, the Pax Mongolica allowed safe trade routes and communication lines stretching from the Middle East to China.

• The Black Death

  • From Central Asia the Black Death was carried east and west along the Silk Road by Mongol armies and traders making use of the opportunities of free passage within the Mongol Empire offered by the Pax Mongolica.

• The Pax Romana

  • The Pax Romana, which began under Augustus, was a 200-year period of peace in which Rome experienced minimal expansion by military forces.
  • Since this period was initiated during Augustus's reign, it is sometimes called Pax Augusta.
  • The Pax Romana started after Augustus, then Octavian, met and defeated Mark Antony in the Battle of Actium in 31 BCE.
  • Subsequent emperors followed his lead, sometimes producing lavish ceremonies to close the Gates of Janus, issuing coins with Pax on the reverse, and patronizing literature extolling the benefits of the Pax Romana.
  • Describe the key reasons for and characteristics of the Pax Romana.

• The Porfiriato

  • His eventual establishment of peace, termed the Pax Porfiriana, became one of his crowning achievements.

• Eruptions of Vesuvius and Pompeii

  • These artifacts provide an extraordinarily detailed insight into the life of a city during the Pax Romana.

• Crises of the Roman Empire

  • Ever since the Pax Romana, starting with Augustus, the empire's economy had depended in large part on trade between Mediterranean ports and across the extensive road systems to the Empire's interior.

• Trade Under the Tang Dynasty

  • The Tang dynasty established a second Pax Sinica and the Silk Road reached its golden age, whereby Persian and Sogdian merchants benefited from the commerce between East and West.