Quraysh tribe

Examples of Quraysh tribe in the following topics:

• Arabian Cities

  • Some time in the 5th century, the Kaaba was a place to worship the deities of Arabia's pagan tribes.
  • Mecca's most important pagan deity was Hubal, whose idol had been placed there by the ruling Quraysh tribe and remained until the 7th century.
  • In the 5th century, the Quraysh tribes took control of Mecca and became skilled merchants and traders.
  • Yathrib was dominated by Jewish tribes until around 400 CE, when several Arab tribes gained political power.
  • The longstanding enmity between the Aus and Khazraj tribes was dampened as many tribe members, and some local Jews, embraced Islam.

• Early Life of Muhammad

  • Muhammad was born around the year 570 CE to the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe, one of Mecca's prominent families.

• Flight from Mecca to Medina

  • As Islam spread, Muhammad threatened the local tribes and Meccan rulers because their wealth depended on the Ka'aba.
  • Upset by the rate at which Muhammad was gaining new followers, the Quraysh proposed to adopt a common form of worship, which was denounced by the Qu'ran.
  • On the night of his departure, Muhammad's house was besieged by the appointed men of Quraysh.
  • When the Quraysh learned of Muhammad's escape, they announced a heavy reward for bringing Muhammad back to them, alive or dead, and pursuers scattered in all directions.
  • The Quraysh intercepted him en route, who made a treaty with the Muslims.

• The Nomadic Tribes of Arabia

  • Many of these tents and their associated familial relations comprised a tribe.
  • Non-members of the tribe were viewed as outsiders or enemies.
  • Tribes shared common ethical understandings and provided an individual with an identity.
  • The Bedouin tribes in pre-Islamic Arabia were nomadic-pastoralists.
  • Some tribes traded with towns in order to gain goods, while others raided other tribes for animals, women, gold, fabric, and other luxury items.

• Women in Pre-Islamic Arabia

  • In other places, such as the city of Mecca, and in the nomadic Bedouin tribes, tribal law determined women's rights.
  • The tribal leader enforced the tribe's spoken rules, which generally limited the rights of the women.
  • Marriages usually consisted of an agreement between a man and his future wife's family, and occurred either within the tribe or between two families of different tribes.
  • Upon marriage, the woman would leave her family and reside permanently in the tribe of her husband.
  • A woman's male children could inherit property and increased the wealth of the tribe.

• Culture and Religion in Pre-Islamic Arabia

  • The nomadic tribes of pre-Islamic Arabia primarily practiced polytheism, although some tribes converted to Judaism and Christianity.
  • Before the rise of Islam, most Bedouin tribes practiced polytheism, most often in the form of animism.
  • Tribes constructed verses against their enemies, often discrediting their people or fighting abilities.
  • Poets maintained sacred places in their tribes and communities because they were thought to be divinely inspirited.
  • The Kaaba is a cube-shaped building in Mecca held to be sacred both by Muslims and pre-Islamic polytheistic tribes.

• The Germanic Tribes

  • The Germanic Tribes, an ancient nomadic civilization, used their superior military strength to lay the foundation for modern Europe.
  • Tribes referred to as "Germanic" by Roman authors generally lived to the north and east of the Gauls.
  • Wandering tribes then began staking out permanent homes as a means of protection.
  • Warriors were strong in battle and had great fighting abilities, making the tribes almost unbeatable.
  • He initiated 3 decades of peace between the Ostrogoths and the Romans and united the two Germanic tribes.

• Genghis Khan

  • He was born around 1162 in modern-day northern Mongolia into a nomadic tribe with noble ties and powerful alliances.
  • These fortunate circumstances helped him unite dozens of tribes in his adulthood via alliances.
  • In his early 20s he married his young wife Börte, a bride from another powerful tribe.
  • Soon, bubbling tensions erupted and she was kidnapped by a rival tribe.
  • During this era, and possibly spurred by the capture of his wife, Temujin united the nomadic, previously ever-rivaling Mongol tribes under his rule through political manipulation and military might, and also reclaimed his bride from the rebellious tribe.

• Islam Ascendant

  • Upon his arrival in Medina, Muhammad unified the tribes by drafting the Constitution of Medina, which was a formal agreement between Muhammad and all of the significant tribes and families of Medina, including Muslims, Jews, Christians, and pagans.
  • Abu Sufyan, the leader of the ruling Qurayash tribe, gathered an army of three thousand men and set out for an attack on Medina.
  • After eight years of fighting with the Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca.
  • Following the conquest of Mecca, Muhammad was alarmed by a military threat from the confederate tribes of Hawazin who were raising an army twice Muhammad's size.
  • Muhammad defeated the Hawazin and Thaqif tribes in the Battle of Hunayn.

• Muhammad's Successors

  • Muhammad united the tribes of Arabia into a single Arab Muslim religious polity in the last years of his life.
  • After Muhammad's death, many Arabian tribes rejected Islam or withheld the alms tax established by Muhammad.
  • Many tribes claimed that they had submitted to Muhammad and that with Muhammad's death, their allegiance had ended.
  • To retain the cohesion of the Islamic state, Abu Bakr divided his Muslim army to force the Arabian tribes into submission.
  • Although the Umayyad Caliphate did not rule all of the Sahara, nomadic Berber tribes paid homage to the Caliph.