extensive property

Examples of extensive property in the following topics:

• Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

  • Properties of matter can be classified as either extensive or intensive and as either physical or chemical.
  • All properties of matter are either extensive or intensive and either physical or chemical.
  • Both extensive and intensive properties are physical properties, which means they can be measured without changing the substance's chemical identity.
  • Mass and volume are both examples of extensive physical properties.
  • Recognize the difference between physical and chemical, and intensive and extensive, properties

• Specific Heat and Heat Capacity

  • Heat capacity is an intrinsic physical property of a substance that measures the amount of heat required to change that substance's temperature by a given amount.
  • Heat capacity is an extensive property, meaning that it is dependent upon the size/mass of the sample.
  • There are two derived quantities that specify heat capacity as an intensive property (i.e., independent of the size of a sample) of a substance.

• Background and Properties

  • If these same functional groups are attached to an acyl group (RCO–) their properties are substantially changed, and they are designated as carboxylic acid derivatives.
  • As noted earlier, the relatively high boiling point of carboxylic acids is due to extensive hydrogen bonded dimerization.

• Coloring Agents

  • The electronic configuration of some metal complexes gives them important properties, such as color in coordination compounds.
  • Many of the properties of metal complexes are dictated by their electronic structures.
  • Chemists tend to employ the simplest model required to predict the properties of interest.
  • Since the nature of the ligands and the metal can be tuned extensively, a variety of colors can be obtained.

• Kinetic Molecular Theory and Gas Laws

  • Kinetic Molecular Theory explains the macroscopic properties of gases and can be used to understand and explain the gas laws.
  • The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases comes from observations that scientists made about gases to explain their macroscopic properties.
  • If the gas is compressed to a smaller volume, then the same number of molecules will strike against a smaller surface area; the number of collisions against the container will increase, and, by extension, the pressure will increase as well.
  • Uses the kinetic theory of gases to explain properties of gases (expandability, compressibility, etc. )

• Fats & Oils

  • As might be expected from the properties of the fatty acids, fats have a predominance of saturated fatty acids, and oils are composed largely of unsaturated acids.
  • Since fats are valued over oils by some Northern European and North American populations, vegetable oils are extensively converted to solid triglycerides (e.g.

• Nitrogen Compounds

  • When nitrogen gas is formed as a product from various reactions, the bond energy associated with the N-N triple bond is released, causing the explosive properties seen in many nitrogen compounds.
  • These engines were extensively used on spacecraft such as the space shuttle and those of the Apollo Program because their propellants are liquids at room temperature and ignition occurs on contact without an ignition system, allowing many precisely controlled burns.
  • In all cases, the explosive properties of nitrogen compounds are derived from the extreme stability of the product of these reactions: gaseous molecular nitrogen, N2.

• The Bottom of the Periodic Table

  • Taking the extension of the periodic table even further, consider an element with atomic number 92 in the actinide series, called uranium.
  • By using the predictive properties of the periodic table, along with a growing expertise in atomic and subatomic theory, two entirely new periods were predicted.

• Occurrence of Metals

  • However, these metals could be found only in relatively small amounts, so they could not be used extensively.
  • Combining different ratios of metals as alloys modifies the properties of pure metals to produce desirable characteristics.

• Periodic Trends in Metallic Properties

  • Metallic properties tend to decrease across a period and increase down a periodic group.
  • Keep in mind that group names can give clues about the elements' metallic properties.
  • Elements with low electronegativity tend to have more metallic properties.
  • So, the metallic properties of elements tends to decrease across a period and increase down a group.
  • Families of the periodic table are often grouped by metallic properties.