Examples of bomb calorimeter in the following topics:
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- Constant-volume calorimeters, such as bomb calorimeters, are used to measure the heat of combustion of a reaction.
- A bomb calorimeter is a type of constant-volume calorimeter used to measure a particular reaction's heat of combustion.
- Therefore, when running bomb calorimetry experiments, it is necessary to calibrate the calorimeter in order to determine Ccal.
- Since the volume is constant for a bomb calorimeter, there is no pressure-volume work.
- A schematic representation of a bomb calorimeter used for the measurement of heats of combustion.
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- They range from simple coffee cup calorimeters used by introductory chemistry students to sophisticated bomb calorimeters used to determine the energy content of food.
- This type of calorimeter consists of a robust steel container (the “bomb”) that contains the reactants and is itself submerged in water.
- Bomb calorimeters require calibration to determine the heat capacity of the calorimeter and ensure accurate results.
- This is the picture of a typical setup of bomb calorimeter.
- Explain a bomb calorimeter is used to measure heat evolved in a combustion reaction
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- Calorimetry is performed with a calorimeter.
- A simple calorimeter just consists of a thermometer attached to a metal container full of water suspended above a combustion chamber.
- This involves the use of a constant-volume calorimeter (one type is called a Bomb calorimeter).
- In addition, the object placed inside the calorimeter shows that the objects transferred their heat to the calorimeter and into the liquid, and the heat absorbed by the calorimeter and the liquid is equal to the heat given off by the metals.
- The measurement of heat using a simple calorimeter, like the coffee cup calorimeter, is an example of constant-pressure calorimetry, since the pressure (atmospheric pressure) remains constant during the process.
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- A constant-pressure calorimeter measures the change in enthalpy of a reaction at constant pressure.
- A constant-pressure calorimeter measures the change in enthalpy of a reaction occurring in a liquid solution.
- In contrast, a bomb calorimeter's volume is constant, so there is no pressure-volume work and the heat measured relates to the change in internal energy ($\Delta U=q_V$).
- A simple example of a constant-pressure calorimeter is a coffee-cup calorimeter, which is constructed from two nested Styrofoam cups and a lid with two holes, which allows for the insertion of a thermometer and a stirring rod.
- After thermal equilibrium has been established, the final temperature of the water in the calorimeter is 26.0$^\circ$C.
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- Strategic bombing often involved bombing areas inhabited by civilians and sometimes bombing campaigns were deliberately designed to target civilian populations in order to terrorize, disorganize, and disrupt their usual activities.
- No effort to examine the effects of bombing was ever made.
- In reality, the day bombing was "precision bombing" only in the sense that most bombs fell somewhere near a specific designated target such as a railway yard.
- The impact of bombing on German morale was significant.
- The United States Strategic Bombing Survey concluded that the bombing was not stiffening morale but seriously depressing it; fatalism, apathy, defeatism were apparent in bombed areas.
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- The hydrogen bomb is a nuclear weapon that uses a mixture of fission and fusion to produce a massive explosion.
- This indirectly results in a greatly increased energy yield, i.e., the bomb's "power."
- This type of weapon is referred to as a hydrogen bomb, or H-bomb, because it employs hydrogen fusion.
- The most common bomb design that employs these features is called the Teller-Ulam configuration.
- It should be noted that no hydrogen bomb has ever been used during the course of an actual war.
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- ., "atomic") bomb test released the same amount of energy as approximately 20,000 tons of trinitrotoluene (TNT).
- Thus, even a small nuclear device no larger than traditional bombs can devastate an entire city by blast, fire and radiation.
- The first nuclear weapons were gravity bombs, such as this "Fat Man" weapon dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.
- The mushroom cloud of the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan (August 9,1945) rose some 18 kilometers (11 mi) above the bomb's hypocenter.
- Explain the difference between an "atomic" bomb and a "hydrogen" bomb, discussing their history
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- Atomic bombs are nuclear weapons that use the energetic output of nuclear fission to produce massive explosions.
- Atomic bombs are nuclear weapons that use the energetic output of nuclear fission to produce massive explosions.
- These bombs are in contrast to hydrogen bombs, which use both fission and fusion to power their greater explosive potential.
- These two bombings resulted in the deaths of approximately 200,000 Japanese people—mostly civilians.
- Two methods have been applied to induce the nuclear chain reaction that produces the explosion of an atomic bomb.
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- Two types of atomic bomb were developed during the war.
- On August 6, the U.S. dropped a uranium gun-type atomic bomb (Little Boy) on the city of Hiroshima.
- Three days later, on August 9, the U.S. dropped a plutonium implosion-type bomb (Fat Man) on the city of Nagasaki.
- Estimates vary greatly but within the first two to four months of the bombings, the acute effects of the atomic bombings killed 90,000–146,000 people in Hiroshima and 39,000–80,000 in Nagasaki.
- Assess the damages of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and summarize the production of the atomic bomb through the Manhattan Project