Examples of battery in the following topics:
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- A battery is a device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy.
- A battery stores electrical potential from the chemical reaction.
- Thus a motorcycle battery and a car battery can both have the same voltage (more precisely, the same potential difference between battery terminals), yet one stores much more energy than the other.
- The car battery can move more charge than the motorcycle battery, although both are 12V batteries.
- This is the symbol for a battery in a circuit diagram.
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- The output, or terminal voltage of a voltage source such as a battery, depends on its electromotive force and its internal resistance.
- When you forget to turn off your car lights, they slowly dim as the battery runs down.
- Their gradual dimming implies that battery output voltage decreases as the battery is depleted.
- Electromotive force is directly related to the source of potential difference, such as the particular combination of chemicals in a battery.
- The voltage across the terminals of a battery, for example, is less than the emf when the battery supplies current, and it declines further as the battery is depleted or loaded down.
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- A battery is a multiple connection of voltaic cells.
- For example, if you placed two 6v batteries in your car instead of the typical 12v single battery, you would be adding both the emfs and the internal resistances of each battery.
- (Note that each emf is represented by script E in the figure. ) A battery charger connected to a battery is an example of such a connection.
- The charger must have a larger emf than the battery to reverse current through it.
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- This is exemplified by connecting two light bulbs in a parallel circuit with a 1.5V battery.
- In a series circuit, the two light bulbs would be half as dim when connected to a single battery source.
- However, if the two light bulbs were connected in parallel, they would be equally as bright as if they were connected individually to the battery.
- In a series circuit, the battery would last just as long as it would with a single light bulb, only the brightness is then divided amongst the bulbs.
- Three resistors connected in parallel to a battery and the equivalent single or parallel resistance.
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- Electromotive force (EMF) is the voltage voltage generated by a battery or by the magnetic force according to Faraday's Law of Induction.
- Electromotive force, also called EMF (denoted and measured in volts) refers to voltage generated by a battery or by the magnetic force according to Faraday's Law of Induction, which states that a time varying magnetic field will induce an electric current.
- Devices that can provide EMF include electrochemical cells (batteries), thermoelectric devices, solar cells, electrical generators, transformers, and even Van de Graaff generators (examples shown in ).
- In the case of a battery, charge separation that gives rise to a voltage difference is accomplished by chemical reactions at the electrodes; voltaic cells can be thought of as having a "charge pump" of atomic dimensions at each electrode.
- Department of Energy); and a group of nickel metal hydride batteries (credit: Tiaa Monto).
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- This is indicated in an example of when two light bulbs are connected together in a series circuit with a battery.
- In a simple circuit consisting of one 1.5V battery and one light bulb, the light bulb would have a voltage drop of 1.5V across it.
- If two lightbulbs were connected in series with the same battery, however, they would each have 1.5V/2, or 0.75V drop across them.
- Three resistors connected in series to a battery (left) and the equivalent single or series resistance (right).
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- When measuring the EMF of a battery and connecting the battery directly to a standard voltmeter, as shown in , the actual quantity measured is the terminal voltage V.
- Voltage is related to the EMF of the battery by V=emf−Ir, where I is the current that flows and r is the internal resistance of the battery.
- An analog voltmeter attached to a battery draws a small but nonzero current and measures a terminal voltage that differs from the EMF of the battery.
- (Note that the script capital E symbolizes electromotive force, or EMF. ) Since the internal resistance of the battery is not known precisely, it is not possible to calculate the EMF precisely.
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- The figure above shows a simple circuit and the standard schematic representation of a battery, conducting path, and load (a resistor).
- The schematic in (b), for example, can represent anything from a truck battery connected to a headlight lighting the street in front of the truck to a small battery connected to a penlight lighting a keyhole in a door.
- A closed path for current to flow through is supplied by conducting wires connecting a load to the terminals of a battery.
- (b) In this schematic, the battery is represented by the two parallel red lines, conducting wires are shown as straight lines, and the zigzag represents the load.
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- When the switch in (a) is moved to position 2 and cuts the battery out of the circuit, the current drops because of energy dissipation by the resistor.
- However, this is also not instantaneous, since the inductor opposes the decrease in current by inducing an emf in the same direction as the battery that drove the current.
- When in position 1, the battery, resistor, and inductor are in series and a current is established.
- In position 2, the battery is removed and the current eventually stops because of energy loss in the resistor.
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- We can think of various devices—such as batteries, generators, wall outlets, and so on—which are necessary to maintain a current.
- A simple electric circuit in which a closed path for current to flow is supplied by conductors (usually metal wires) connecting a load to the terminals of a battery, represented by the red parallel lines.
- The I–V curves of four devices: two resistors, a diode, and a battery.
- The voltage drop across a resistor in a simple circuit equals the voltage output of the battery.