Frequently Asked Questions

What is the goal of the One Test. Two Lives. campaign?
The One Test. Two Lives. campaign offers materials to help obstetric providers ensure that all women have the opportunity to get tested for HIV early in their pregnancy.

Is the One Test. Two Lives. campaign directed toward pregnant women?
No, it is directed toward health care providers who work with pregnant women, including obstetricians, certified nurse-midwives, and nurses in obstetrical practices. The campaign aims to assist these obstetrical providers in encouraging all of their pregnant patients to get tested for HIV.

To what degree can early detection and treatment of the mother’s HIV infection protect a baby from perinatal HIV transmission?
Perinatal HIV transmission rates are 1% or less when antiretroviral therapy is initiated and adhered to during pregnancy. The figure is 22% for women who receive no preventive treatment. When intervention begins at the intrapartum (during labor or delivery) or neonatal periods, 9% to 13% HIV transmission rates are achievable based on clinical trial and observational data.^[1]

How many babies in the United States are born with HIV each year?
Since the mid-1990s, HIV testing and preventive interventions have resulted in more than a 90% decline in the number of children perinatally infected with HIV in the United States.^[2] Despite the great progress that has been made in reducing perinatal HIV transmission, even one HIV-infected newborn is too many. By remaining vigilant and continuing to invest in perinatal HIV screening and prevention to sustain our progress, the number of infected newborns can be further reduced.

What information can be provided to a pregnant patient who refuses HIV testing to help her understand the importance of receiving the test?
It is worthwhile and in line with current recommendations to pursue the subject of HIV testing after an initial refusal. One Test. Two Lives. offers a tool with suggested responses to common objections to HIV screening. These can be helpful in encouraging a patient to be tested. Of course, keep in mind that every woman does have the right to refuse testing.

Is it beneficial to test a pregnant patient for HIV if she does not present until labor and delivery?
It is never too late for pregnant women to get tested. Rapid HIV tests allow women who arrive at delivery rooms with unknown HIV status to receive an HIV test. Preventive medications administered to the mother during labor, and to the infant after birth, can reduce the risk of perinatal HIV transmission.^[3]

Is there another testing option besides the standard blood test for patients who are afraid of needles?
Yes, the FDA has approved a test that uses oral fluid to detect HIV. More information about this type of testing can be found on the testing section of the Act Against AIDS website.