Sand & Gravel Operator Mining Facts - 2007 (HTML)
DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2009–163
Mining Operations
In 2007, a total of 7,199 sand and gravel mining operations reported employment data to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). [1]
- Sand and gravel mines were the largest mining sector, comprising 48.4% of all mining operations.
- Sand and gravel mines were found throughout all 50 states and Puerto Rico.
Employees
A total of 45,761 employees, [2] corresponding to 38,340 full-time equivalent (FTE) [3] employees, were reported by sand and gravel mine operators.
- Within the mining sectors, [4] sand and gravel mine operator employees accounted for 11.4% of all employee hours reported to MSHA.
Commodity and Type of Employer | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coal Operator | 185.4 | 170.3 | 157.3 | 168.4 | 163.8 | 157.1 | 166.5 | 181.3 | 189.0 | 186.5 |
Metal Operator | 93.0 | 83.4 | 77.4 | 68.8 | 58.5 | 55.5 | 59.5 | 63.4 | 67.9 | 75.5 |
Nonmetal Operator | 57.2 | 54.7 | 53.1 | 50.6 | 47.5 | 46.9 | 46.9 | 46.2 | 46.4 | 46.5 |
Stone Operator | 164.8 | 167.8 | 168.5 | 166.1 | 161.7 | 160.0 | 163.5 | 168.6 | 170.8 | 166.5 |
Sand and Gravel Operator | 75.0 | 78.9 | 78.1 | 77.0 | 75.3 | 74.8 | 76.6 | 78.4 | 79.6 | 76.7 |
Coal Contractor | 36.4 | 35.4 | 36.2 | 40.3 | 36.5 | 35.0 | 38.5 | 43.0 | 46.2 | 45.5 |
Noncoal Contractor | 43.3 | 47.8 | 54.2 | 49.8 | 39.2 | 39.9 | 46.8 | 54.1 | 62.6 | 76.3 |
Fatalities
Five work-related fatalities occurred among sand and gravel operator employees in 2007. This compared to six fatalities in 2006.
- The sand and gravel mine operator fatality rate was 15.0 fatalities per 100,000 FTE employees.
- Powered haulage was associated with 60% (n=3) of sand and gravel fatalities.
Fatalities | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | 10 | 8 | 9 | 6 | 5 |
Rate | 30.8 | 24.0 | 26.3 | 17.2 | 15.0 |
Nonfatal Lost-time Injuries
There were 657 nonfatal lost-time injuries among sand and gravel operator employees occurring at an overall rate of 2.0 injuries per 100 FTE employees. A total of 30,440 days lost from work [5] resulted from these injuries.
- The most frequent classifications of nonfatal lost-time injuries for sand and gravel operator employees involved handling materials (n=234; 35.6%) and slip or fall of person (n=170; 25.9%).
- Sprains and strains were the most frequently reported nature of injury (n=241; 36.7%).
- The back was the most frequently reported body part injured (n=124; 18.9%) followed by fingers (n=105; 16.0%). Back injuries represented 10,808 days lost from work; finger injuries represented 2,880 days lost.
Accident Class | Number | Percent |
---|---|---|
Handling materials | 234 | 35.6 |
Slip or fall of person | 170 | 25.9 |
Hand tools | 88 | 13.4 |
Powered haulage | 69 | 10.5 |
Machinery | 50 | 7.6 |
All other | 46 | 7.0 |
Total | 657 | 100.0 |
Mining operations, 2007
Commodity and Type of Employer | Underground Mining Operations [1] | Surface Mining Operations [1] | Total Mining Operations [1] |
---|---|---|---|
Coal Operator | 631 | 1,399 | 2,030 |
Metal Operator | 97 | 181 | 278 |
Nonmetal Operator | 48 | 677 | 725 |
Stone Operator | 113 | 4,526 | 4,639 |
Sand & Gravel Operator | Not applicable | 7,199 | 7,199 |
Operator Total | 889 | 13,982 | 14,871 |
Contracting companies, 2007
Commodity and Type of Employer | Number of Companies |
---|---|
Coal Contractor | 2,999 |
Noncoal Contractor | 5,400 |
Contractor Total | 8,399 |
Employment characteristics, 2007
Commodity and Type of Employer | Underground Employees [2] | Surface Employees [2] | Total Employees [2] | Underground FTE Employees [3] | Surface FTE Employees [3] | Total FTE Employees [3] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coal Operator | 37,829 | 46,242 | 84,071 | 42,238 | 51,027 | 93,265 |
Metal Operator | 5,333 | 30,667 | 36,000 | 5,437 | 32,309 | 37,746 |
Nonmetal Operator | 2,411 | 20,453 | 22,864 | 2,478 | 20,788 | 23,265 |
Stone Operator | 1,845 | 80,873 | 82,718 | 2,063 | 81,191 | 83,254 |
Sand & Gravel Operator | Not applicable | 45,761 | 45,761 | Not applicable | 38,340 | 38,340 |
Operator Total | 47,418 | 223,996 | 271,414 | 52,216 | 223,655 | 275,871 |
Coal Contractor | 5,160 | 33,705 | 38,865 | 3,071 | 19,670 | 22,741 |
Noncoal Contractor | 3,039 | 64,805 | 67,844 | 1,935 | 36,216 | 38,151 |
Contractor Total | 8,199 | 98,510 | 106,709 | 5,006 | 55,886 | 60,892 |
Total | 55,617 | 322,506 | 378,123 | 57,222 | 279,541 | 336,763 |
Mining Occupational Fatalities (per 100,000 FTE employees), 2007
Commodity and Type of Employer | Underground Fatalities | Underground Fatality Rate | Surface Fatalities | Surface Fatality Rate | Fatalities | Fatality Rate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coal Operator | 18 | 42.6 | 10 | 21.1 | 28 | 31.2 |
Metal Operator | 3 | 55.2 | 4 | 14.4 | 7 | 21.1 |
Nonmetal Operator | 1 | 40.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 5.0 |
Stone Operator | 0 | 0.0 | 8 | 11.4 | 8 | 11.1 |
Sand & Gravel Operator | Not applicable | Not applicable | 5 | 15.0 | 5 | 15.0 |
Operator Total | 22 | 42.1 | 27 | 13.8 | 49 | 19.7 |
Coal Contractor | 3 | 97.7 | 3 | 16.3 | 6 | 28.0 |
Noncoal Contractor | 2 | 103.4 | 10 | 29.3 | 12 | 33.3 |
Contractor Total | 5 | 99.9 | 13 | 24.8 | 18 | 31.3 |
Total | 27 | 47.2 | 40 | 16.1 | 67 | 21.9 |
Nonfatal Lost-time Injuries (per 100 FTE employees), 2007
Commodity and Type of Employer | Underground Injuries | Underground Injury Rate | Surface Injuries | Surface Injury Rate | Injuries | Injury Rate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coal Operator | 2,120 | 5.0 | 822 | 1.7 | 2,942 | 3.3 |
Metal Operator | 178 | 3.3 | 620 | 2.2 | 798 | 2.4 |
Nonmetal Operator | 91 | 3.7 | 417 | 2.4 | 508 | 2.5 |
Stone Operator | 36 | 1.7 | 1,844 | 2.6 | 1,880 | 2.6 |
Sand & Gravel Operator | Not applicable | Not applicable | 657 | 2.0 | 657 | 2.0 |
Operator Total | 2,425 | 4.6 | 4,360 | 2.2 | 6,785 | 2.7 |
Coal Contractor | 177 | 5.8 | 283 | 1.5 | 460 | 2.1 |
Noncoal Contractor | 43 | 2.2 | 454 | 1.3 | 497 | 1.4 |
Contractor Total | 220 | 4.4 | 737 | 1.4 | 957 | 1.7 |
Total | 2,645 | 4.6 | 5,097 | 2.0 | 7,742 | 2.5 |
Data source: Publicly released data files of employment and accident/injury/illness collected by MSHA under 30 CFR 50.
Notes: All analyses of accident data exclude office employees. Occupational fatalities exclude all cases under 17 years of age. Further statistical methodology is available on the NIOSH Internet. Data in the above tables may not add to totals shown because of independent rounding. Caution should be used when interpreting rates based on a small number of events.
- Mines at which only independent contractors were working did not show any employment and were not counted.
- Average number of employees working at individual mines during calendar quarters of active operations (includes office workers).
- Full-time equivalent employees computed using reported employee hours (2,000 hours = 1 FTE).
- Mining sectors include coal operators, metal operators, nonmetal operators, stone operators, sand and gravel operators, coal contractors, and noncoal contractors.
- Includes actual days away from work and/or days of restricted work activity. For permanently disabling injuries only, statutory days charged by MSHA were used if they exceeded the total lost workdays.
To receive NIOSH documents or more information about occupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH at 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636), TTY: 1-888-232-6348, e-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov, or visit the NIOSH website.
See Also
- Coal Operator Mining Facts - 2005
- Metal Operator Mining Facts - 2002
- Metal Operator Mining Facts - 2004
- Metal Operator Mining Facts - 2005
- Noncoal Contractor Mining Facts - 2003
- Nonmetal Operator Mining Facts - 2002
- Nonmetal Operator Mining Facts - 2008
- Sand and Gravel Operator Mining Facts - 2006
- Stone Operator Mining Facts - 2003
- Stone Operator Mining Facts - 2005
- Page last reviewed: 2/19/2015
- Page last updated: 3/18/2014
- Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Mining Program