Plasmodium relictum
Plasmodium relictum | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
(unranked): | Diaphoretickes |
Clade: | SAR |
Infrakingdom: | Alveolata |
Phylum: | Apicomplexa |
Class: | Aconoidasida |
Order: | Haemospororida |
Family: | Plasmodiidae |
Genus: | Plasmodium |
Species: | P. relictum |
Binomial name | |
Plasmodium relictum Grassi & Feletti, 1891 | |
Synonyms | |
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Plasmodium relictum is a species in the genus Plasmodium, subgenus Haemamoeba.
It is a parasite, and the most common cause of malaria in birds.[3]
Like all Plasmodium species, P. relictum has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds.[3]
Distribution
P. relictum is geographically widespread, and is the most widespread malaria parasite of birds.[2] Climate change is broadening its distribution further and is expected to continue to do so, including into higher elevations.[3]
Hosts
Avian
P. relictum infects a wide variety of birds including birds from various orders. Infections in numerous wild birds and experimental animals have been described including partridges, canaries, chickens, ducks, and pigeons. Experimental attempts to infect owls were not successful, suggesting owls may not be susceptible to P. relictum.[2]
Vector
Culex quinquefasciatus, Cu. stigmatosoma and Cu. tarsalis.[1][3]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 "Plasmodium relictum". Invasive Species Compendium (ISC). CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International). 2019-12-02. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
- 1 2 3 Valkiunas, Gediminas (28 October 2004). Avian Malaria Parasites and other Haemosporidia. CRC Press. p. 592. ISBN 9780203643792.
- 1 2 3 4 LaPointe, Dennis A.; Atkinson, Carter T.; Samuel, Michael D. (2012). "Ecology and conservation biology of avian malaria". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. NYAS (WB). 1249 (1): 211–226. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06431.x. ISSN 0077-8923. PMID 22320256. S2CID 1885904.
Further reading
- Valkiūnas, Gediminas; Iezhova, Tatjana A. (2018-05-29). "Keys to the avian malaria parasites". Malaria Journal. BioMed Central. 17 (1). doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2359-5. ISSN 1475-2875. PMC 5975542. PMID 29843718. (GV ORCID: 0000-0003-0594-0280).
External links
- "How Malaria Hurts Birds". Audubon Society. 2015-06-16. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
- Diseases of Terrestrial Wildlife (2018-10-18). "Avian Malaria". U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 2022-01-14.