Subependymal zone

The subependymal zone (SEZ) is a cell layer below the ependyma in the lateral ventricles of the brain. It is an adult version of the embryonic forebrain germinal zone. This region contains adult neural stem cells, also called neuroepithelial cells, which have the potential to generate new neurons and glial cells.[1] The generation of neurons and glial cells from neuroepithelial cells occurs via neurogenesis and gliogenesis, respectively. In adults, the subependymal zone is also called the subventricular zone, as the ependymal cell layer forms the boundary between the fluid-filled ventricular space and the walls of the lateral ventricles.[2]

Ilias Kazanis at the University of Cambridge compares the subependymal zone to a beating heart which "continuously sends new cells to different areas of the brain: neurons to the olfactory bulbs and glial cells to the cortex and the corpus callosum."[3]

The subependymal zone is a region that may be affected by subependymal giant cell astrocytomas in people with tuberous sclerosis.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Kase, Yoshitaka; Shimazaki, Takuya; Okano, Hideyuki (2020-06-18). "Current understanding of adult neurogenesis in the mammalian brain: how does adult neurogenesis decrease with age?". Inflammation and Regeneration. 40: 10. doi:10.1186/s41232-020-00122-x. ISSN 1880-9693. PMC 7302355. PMID 32566044.
  2. ↑ Falcão, Ana Mendanha; Marques, Fernanda; Novais, Ashley; Sousa, Nuno; Palha, Joana A.; Sousa, João Carlos (2012-08-09). "The path from the choroid plexus to the subventricular zone: go with the flow!". Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 6: 34. doi:10.3389/fncel.2012.00034. ISSN 1662-5102. PMC 3414909. PMID 22907990.
  3. ↑ Kazanis, Ilias (2009). "The subependymal zone neurogenic niche: a beating heart in the centre of the brain". Brain. 132 (11): 2909–2921. doi:10.1093/brain/awp237. PMC 2768664. PMID 19773354.
  4. ↑ Page 424 in: Neil Vasan; Le, Tao; Bhushan, Vikas (2010). First Aid for the USMLE Step 1, 2010 (First Aid USMLE). McGraw-Hill Medical. ISBN 978-0-07-163340-6.
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