How to Get Out of Federal Jury Duty

Co-authored by Clinton M. Sandvick, JD, PhD

Last Updated: September 16, 2021 References

Federal district courts select citizens for federal jury service from lists of registered voters and driver’s license holders.^{[1]
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Trustworthy Source
United States Courts
Official website for the U.S. court system
Go to source} If you are summoned for jury service, you still may not be asked to serve. You may have a qualifying excuse from jury duty, or the judge or attorneys may decide that they do not want you to serve.^{[2]
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Trustworthy Source
United States Courts
Official website for the U.S. court system
Go to source}

Part 1

Part 1 of 3:

Checking Your Eligibility

1
Use the eJuror Program. When you receive a jury summons in the mail, it will include instructions to respond to a jury qualification questionnaire. You can answer the questions online by logging into the national eJuror Program. Simply visit the website of the court that sent you the jury summons and look for a link to the eJuror program.^{[3]
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Trustworthy Source
United States Courts
Official website for the U.S. court system
Go to source} It will contain instructions for logging in and answering the qualification questionnaire.
2
Check to see if you are legally qualified for jury service. To serve on a federal jury, you must meet a number of conditions. If you do not meet any of the following conditions, indicate which ones on your questionnaire. To serve, you must be:
- A citizen of the United States;
- At least 18 years old;
- A resident of your judicial district for at least one year;
- Adequately proficient in English to complete the juror qualification questionnaire;
- Free from a disqualifying mental or physical condition;
- Not currently charged with a felony that might result in imprisonment for more than a year; and
- Free from an prior felony convictions, unless your civil rights have been legally restored.^{[4]
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  United States Courts
  Official website for the U.S. court system
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3
Determine if you are part of an exempt group. There are three groups that are exempt from federal jury service. If you belong to one of these groups, indicate it on your questionnaire. You are exempt if you are:
- In the armed forces on active duty;
- Employed by a fire or police department; or
- A local, state, or federal public officer who works in that position full-time.^{[5]
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  United States Courts
  Official website for the U.S. court system
  Go to source}
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Write a letter explaining why you shouldn't need to serve. The Jury Act gives courts discretion to excuse jurors for “undue hardship or extreme inconvenience.” If you believe that you should not be required to serve, write a letter to the court clerk explaining your particular circumstances.^{[6]
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Trustworthy Source
United States Courts
Official website for the U.S. court system
Go to source} If the court rejects your request, you can still ask to be excused when you attend court.
- Examples of undue hardship and extreme inconvenience include living a great distance or long travel time from the court or a grave illness or emergency in your family that outweighs the importance of jury service. You can also ask the court to consider other hardships that are similarly significant.^{[7]
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Part 2

Part 2 of 3:

Asking to Be Excused

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Attend your jury service date. In order to ask to be excused, you must attend your service date and make your request to the judge. Dress professionally, and follow any appearance guidelines mentioned in your jury summons. By dressing professionally, you show the judge that you respect the process of jury selection, even though you will be asking to be excused.
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Wait for the judge to ask. The judge will explain the procedures and the importance of jury selection before asking if anyone on the jury is unable to serve. At this time, you will have an opportunity to explain why you believe you should be excused from serving.
3
Give a hardship excuse. You may be able to persuade the judge to excuse you if serving on a jury would be an unreasonable hardship for you or your family. For example, if you if your advanced age makes it difficult for you to attend the trial.^{[8]
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Trustworthy Source
United States Courts
Official website for the U.S. court system
Go to source} You may also be excused if you are needed at home to care for a child or sick relative (or are a primary caregiver for someone young or old^{[9]
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Research source}), or if you are having financial difficulties and cannot afford to miss work. You will probably be excused if you are a teacher or student and would have to miss classes to serve, or if you do not have a reliable mode of transportation.^{[10]
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Research source}^{[11]
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Research source} Each court has its own procedures and policies for excusing jurors from serving.^{[12]
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United States Courts
Official website for the U.S. court system
Go to source}
- Federal jurors are paid $40 per day. Federal employees are paid their regular salary instead of the $40 fee. The fee increases to $50 after 10 days for trial jurors and after 45 days for grand jurors.^{[13]
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  United States Courts
  Official website for the U.S. court system
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- Your employer is not required to pay you for days that you miss while serving on a jury, but your employer cannot fire, intimidate, or punish you for serving on a jury.^{[14]
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  United States Courts
  Official website for the U.S. court system
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- If your service would be an undue hardship on your employer because your presence at work is critical to the business, you can ask your employer to write a letter to the court explaining the circumstances and requesting your excusal.^{[15]
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4
Provide a scheduling excuse. You may be excused if you have a scheduling conflict, such as an important work function, non-refundable tickets or a long-planned vacation. However, the court will reschedule your service date to another time that is more convenient. You will often be given more than one chance to defer your service date.^{[16]
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Research source} However, although you can try to put off your service date repeatedly, you should consider serving sooner rather than later to avoid running out of postponements when serving would truly be inconvenient for you.

Part 3

Part 3 of 3:

Getting Excused During Jury Selection

1
Understand how lawyers pick juries. Jury selection, also known as voir dire, is the process by which the attorneys pick which members of the jury pool will serve on the jury and which will ultimately be dismissed. The prosecution and defense attorneys will take turns asking questions to the jury. Based on the answers the jurors give, the attorneys will then conference with the judge and take turns excusing the jurors they don’t want.^{[17]
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Show your bias. The prosecution wants to weed out jurors who may be biased in favor of the defendant. The defense wants to excuse jurors who may be biased against the defendant. Ideally, only impartial jurors will remain. If you suggest, or flat-out state that you are biased in favor of one side, the other side is very likely to excuse you from jury service.
- For example, attorneys commonly ask whether anyone has a family member or close friend in law enforcement. Defense attorneys are concerned that people with connections to law enforcement will be pro-prosecution and biased against the defendant.
- Some people hold political or religious beliefs incompatible with impartial jury service. They may not believe in the authority of the government or the fairness of the law under which the defendant has been charged. If you feel similarly, voice your opinion during jury selection. Similarly, if your religious beliefs prohibit you from sitting on a jury, judging others, or administering punishment, you should mention to the court or attorneys that you are a religious objector.^{[18]
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Don’t lie. Judges and attorneys usually have a lot of experience in the jury selection process, and they have probably heard every possible excuse and insincerely-held bias.^{[19]
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Research source} If you make it obvious that you are trying to get out of serving on the jury, the attorneys will not be inclined to waste one of their limited dismissals (known as peremptory challenges) on you.
- If you lie about a hardship to get out of serving and the judge catches you in your lie, you can be punished. You could be charged with perjury, which is a felony. It is more likely that the judge would find you in contempt of court, in which case you might be fined or put in jail for several days.^{[20]
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Warnings

Do not lie just to get out of jury service. You could be charged with perjury or contempt of court, which could result in fines and/or jail time.^{[21]
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This article is intended as legal information and does not provide legal advice. If you need legal advice, contact a licensed attorney.

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