توبسي

توبسي
جنس	أنثى
تاريخ الميلاد	سنة 1867
الوفاة	4 يناير 1903 (35–36 سنة)
سبب الوفاة	صعق كهربائي

توبسي (1875 - 4 يناير 1903) (بالإنجليزية: Topsy)‏ هي فيلة آسيوية قُتلت بالصعق الكهربائي في منتزه كوني آيلاند بنيويورك في يناير 1903.

وُلدت توبسي في جنوب شرق آسيا حوالي عام 1875، وتم جلبها سراً إلى الولايات المتحدة بعد ذلك بقليل، وتمت إضافتها إلى قطيع من الفيلة المُؤَدّية في سيرك Forepaugh.

الموت

خلال 25 عامًا في Forepaugh، اكتسبت توبسي سمعة باعتبارها «فيلًا سيئًا»، حيث تسببت في قتل ثلاثة أشخاص بمن فيهم مدرب كان يحاول إجبارها على ابتلاع سيجارة، فقرر أصحاب السيرك إعدامها.

وبعد تفكير في طريقة إعدامها، أبلغ القائمون على «لونا بارك» توماس إديسون مخترع المصباح برغبتهم، ولم يتردد الرجل في قبول العرض.استأجر إديسون للحدث طاقما للتصوير، وأعلن أن «توبسي» ستُعدم باستخدام التيار المتناوب. وعند اللحظة المحددة، وقف 1500 متفرّج ليروا «توبسي» للمرة الأخيرة بينما يمرّ حوالي 6600 فولت خلال جسدها لتسقط قتيلة في ثلاث ثوان.[1][2]

انظر أيضا

روابط خارجية

توبسي على موقع IMDb (الإنجليزية)

مراجع

"Later, some historians would suggest that Edison electrocuted Topsy as part of the War of Currents. But that war had long since been lost and the execution itself and perhaps even the method were arranged by Thompson and Dundy."'- Daly, Michael (2013). Topsy: The Startling Story of the Crooked-tailed Elephant, P.T. Barnum, and the American Wizard, Thomas Edison, page 282
"Edison was not present. The electricians who electrocuted Topsy were connected with the "Edison Company." This likely refers to New York Edison, the predecessor to ConEd. Edison had not been part of the company for many years.", "While an Edison motion picture camera crew did film the event it is very unlikely that Edison himself was involved even in determining whether a film should be made. Edison did not run his motion picture business himself. Contrary to popular myth, the electrocution of Topsy had nothing to do with the battle between AC and DC, which ended with the formation of GE in 1892." - rutgers.edu, The Edison Papers, Myth Buster-Topsy the Elephant نسخة محفوظة 1 سبتمبر 2018 على موقع واي باك مشين.

بوابة ثدييات
بوابة علم الحيوان
بوابة القرن 19

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] "Later, some historians would suggest that Edison electrocuted Topsy as part of the War of Currents. But that war had long since been lost and the execution itself and perhaps even the method were arranged by Thompson and Dundy."'- Daly, Michael (2013). Topsy: The Startling Story of the Crooked-tailed Elephant, P.T. Barnum, and the American Wizard, Thomas Edison, page 282

[2] "Edison was not present. The electricians who electrocuted Topsy were connected with the "Edison Company." This likely refers to New York Edison, the predecessor to ConEd. Edison had not been part of the company for many years.", "While an Edison motion picture camera crew did film the event it is very unlikely that Edison himself was involved even in determining whether a film should be made. Edison did not run his motion picture business himself. Contrary to popular myth, the electrocution of Topsy had nothing to do with the battle between AC and DC, which ended with the formation of GE in 1892." - rutgers.edu, The Edison Papers, Myth Buster-Topsy the Elephant نسخة محفوظة 1 سبتمبر 2018 على موقع واي باك مشين.