Chi (kana)

, in hiragana, or in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. Both are phonemically /ti/, reflected in the Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization ti, although, for phonological reasons, the actual pronunciation is [t͡ɕi] , which is reflected in the Hepburn romanization chi.

chi
hiragana
japanese hiragana chi
katakana
japanese katakana chi
transliterationchi, ti
translit. with dakutenji, zi, di
hiragana origin
katakana origin
Man'yōgana知 智 陳 千 乳 血 茅
Voiced Man'yōgana遅 治 地 恥 尼 泥
spelling kana千鳥のチ
(Chidori no "chi")

The kanji for one thousand (千, sen), appears similar to チ, and at one time they were related, but today チ is used as phonetic, while the kanji carries an entirely unrelated meaning.

Many onomatopoeic words beginning with ち pertain to things that are small or quick.[1]

The dakuten forms ぢ, ヂ, pronounced the same as the dakuten forms of the shi kana in most dialects (see yotsugana), are uncommon. They are primarily used for indicating a voiced consonant in the middle of a compound word (see rendaku), and they can never begin a word, although some people will write the word for hemorrhoids (normally じ) as ぢ for emphasis. The dakuten form of the shi character is sometimes used when transliterating "di", as opposed to チ's dakuten form; for example, Aladdin is written as アラジン Arajin, and radio is written as ラジオ. More common, though, is to use ディ instead, such as ディオン to translate the name Dion.

In the Ainu language, チ by itself is pronounced [t͡ʃi], and can be combined with the katakana ヤ, ユ, エ, and ヨ to write the other [t͡ʃ] sounds as well as [t͡s] sounds. The combination チェ (pronounced [t͡se]), is interchangeable with セ゚.

Form Rōmaji Hiragana Katakana
Normal ch-/t-
(た行 ta-gyō)
chi
chii, chyi
chī
ちい, ちぃ
ちー
チイ, チィ
チー
Addition yōon ch-/ty-
(ちゃ行 cha-gyō)
cha ちゃ チャ
chaa
chā
ちゃあ, ちゃぁ
ちゃー
チャア, チャァ
チャー
chu ちゅ チュ
chuu, chwu
chū
ちゅう, ちゅぅ
ちゅー
チュウ, チュゥ
チュー
cho ちょ チョ
chou
choo
chō
ちょう, ちょぅ
ちょお, ちょぉ
ちょー
チョウ, チョゥ
チョオ, チョォ
チョー
Addition dakuten d- (j/z-)
(だ行 da-gyō)
ji
jii, jyi
ぢい, ぢぃ
ぢー
ヂイ, ヂィ
ヂー
Addition yōon and dakuten dy- (j/zy-)
(ぢゃ行 dya-gyō)
ja ぢゃ ヂャ
jaa
ぢゃあ, ぢゃぁ
ぢゃー
ヂャア, ヂャァ
ヂャー
ju ぢゅ ヂュ
juu, jwu
ぢゅう, ぢゅぅ
ぢゅー
ヂュウ, ヂュゥ
ヂュー
jo ぢょ ヂョ
jou
joo
ぢょう, ぢょぅ
ぢょお, ぢょぉ
ぢょー
ヂョウ, ヂョゥ
ヂョオ, ヂョォ
ヂョー
Other additional forms
Form A (ch-/chw-)
Romaji Hiragana Katakana
(cha) (ちゃ) (チャ)
(chyi) (ちぃ) (チィ)
(chu) (ちゅ) (チュ)
che
chei
chee
chē
ちぇ
ちぇい, ちぇぃ
ちぇえ
ちぇー
チェ
チェイ, チェィ
チェエ
チェー
(cho) (ちょ) (チョ)
chwa ちゅぁ, ちゎ チュァ, チヮ
chwi ちゅぃ チュィ
(chwu) (ちゅぅ) (チュゥ)
chwe ちゅぇ チュェ
chwo ちゅぉ チュォ
Form B (dy-/j-/jw-)
Romaji Hiragana Katakana
(dya, ja) (ぢゃ) (ヂャ)
(dyi, jyi) (ぢぃ) (ヂィ)
(dyu, ju) (ぢゅ) (ヂュ)
dye, je
dyei, jei
dyee, jee
dyē, jē
ぢぇ
ぢぇい, ぢぇぃ
ぢぇえ
ぢぇー
ヂェ
ヂェイ, ヂェィ
ヂェエ
ヂェー
(dyo, jo) (ぢょ) (ヂョ)
jwa ぢゅぁ, ぢゎ ヂュァ, ヂヮ
jwi ぢゅぃ ヂュィ
(jwu) (ぢゅぅ) (ヂュゥ)
jwe ぢゅぇ ヂュェ
jwo ぢゅぉ ヂュォ

Stroke order

Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing チ
Stroke order in writing チ
Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing チ

Other communicative representations

  • Full Braille representation
ち / チ in Japanese BrailleCh/J/Dy + Yōon braille
ち / チ
chi
ぢ / ヂ
ji/di
ちい / チー
chī
ぢい / ヂー
/
ちゃ / チャ
cha
ぢゃ / ヂャ
ja/dya
ちゃあ / チャー
chā
ぢゃあ / ヂャー
/dya
⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) ⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) ⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) ⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠐ (braille pattern dots-5) ⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) ⠕ (braille pattern dots-135) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) ⠕ (braille pattern dots-135) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) ⠕ (braille pattern dots-135) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) ⠕ (braille pattern dots-135) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)
Ch/J/Dy + Yōon braille
ちゅ / チュ
chu
ぢゅ / ヂュ
ju/dyu
ちゅう / チュー
chū
ぢゅう / ヂュー
/dyū
ちょ / チョ
cho
ぢょ / ヂョ
jo/dyo
ちょう / チョー
chō
ぢょう / ヂョー
/dyō
⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) ⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) ⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) ⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) ⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) ⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) ⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4) ⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45) ⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) ⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)
Character information
Preview
Unicode name HIRAGANA LETTER TI KATAKANA LETTER TI HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TI HIRAGANA LETTER DI KATAKANA LETTER DI CIRCLED KATAKANA TI
Encodingsdecimalhexdechexdechexdechexdechexdechex
Unicode12385U+306112481U+30C165409U+FF8112386U+306212482U+30C213024U+32E0
UTF-8227 129 161E3 81 A1227 131 129E3 83 81239 190 129EF BE 81227 129 162E3 81 A2227 131 130E3 83 82227 139 160E3 8B A0
Numeric character referenceちちチチチチぢぢヂヂ㋠㋠
Shift JIS[2]130 19182 BF131 9683 60193C1130 19282 C0131 9783 61
EUC-JP[3]164 193A4 C1165 193A5 C1142 1938E C1164 194A4 C2165 194A5 C2
GB 18030[4]164 193A4 C1165 193A5 C1132 49 152 5784 31 98 39164 194A4 C2165 194A5 C2
EUC-KR[5] / UHC[6]170 193AA C1171 193AB C1170 194AA C2171 194AB C2
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[7]198 197C6 C5199 89C7 59198 198C6 C6199 90C7 5A
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[8]199 72C7 48199 189C7 BD199 73C7 49199 190C7 BE

See also

References

  1. Hiroko Fukuda, Jazz Up Your Japanese with Onomatopoeia: For All Levels, trans. Tom Gally. New York: Kodansha International (2003): 19 - 20, Introduction, Words Beginning with ち Chi, Indicating Smallness or Quickness.
  2. Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  3. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
  4. Standardization Administration of China (SAC) (2005-11-18). GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set.
  5. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
  6. Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
  7. Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-02-11]. "BIG5 to Unicode table (complete)".
  8. van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
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