101 series

The 101 series (101系, 101-kei) was a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) commuter train type introduced in 1957 by Japanese National Railways (JNR), and formerly operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East) and West Japan Railway Company (JR-West). The last remaining trains were withdrawn in November 2003.

101 series
JNR 6-car set at Asaka Station on the Hanwa Line, 1978
In service1957–2003
Replaced72 series
Constructed1957–1969
Entered serviceDecember 1957
Scrapped1987–2014 (not all parts are fully scrapped, other remaining parts such as pantographs are still in use in other rolling stocks such as 121 series/7200 series[1] & remodeled 145 series converted from old 101 series EMUs)
Number built1,535 vehicles
Number in serviceNone (44 vehicles being converted into 145 series multiple locomotive)
Number preserved2 vehicles
Number scrapped1,489 vehicles
Successor103 series, 205 series, 207 series
Formation2, 3, 6, 7, 8 or 10 cars per trainset
Operator(s)JNR (1957–1987)
JR East (1987–2003)
JR-West (1987–1992)
Chichibu Railway (1986–2014)
Specifications
Car body constructionSteel
Car length20,000 mm (65 ft 7 in)
Width2,879 mm (9 ft 5.3 in)
Doors4 pairs per side
Maximum speed100 km/h (62 mph)
Traction systemResistor control
Traction motorsMT46
Power output100 kW (134 hp)
Acceleration2.0 km/(h⋅s) (1.2 mph/s) (7-car formation)
3.2 km/(h⋅s) (2.0 mph/s) (all motored cars)
Deceleration3.0 km/(h⋅s) (1.9 mph/s) (service, 7-car set)
3.5 km/(h⋅s) (2.2 mph/s) (emergency)
Electric system(s)1,500 V DC overhead catenary
Current collector(s)Pantograph
BogiesDT21, DT21T, TR64
Track gauge1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)

History

The prototype 101 series set was delivered in June 1957, as a 10-car (4+6-car) set classified as 90 series with all cars motored. Cab cars were numbered MoHa 90500 to 90503, and the intermediate cars were numbered MoHa 90000 to 90005. Production sets were delivered from March 1958, differing visually from the prototype in having exposed rain gutters along the top of each car. The 90 series was reclassified as 101 series from 1959, with the prototype set cars numbered in the 900 subseries. The prototype set was modified in 1962 to bring it up to production set standards.[2]

Lines used

101 series trains operated on the following lines.

Tokyo Area

Osaka Area
  • JNR 101 series EMU approaching Kinshicho Station at Chuo-Sobu Line, August 1978
    JNR 101 series EMU approaching Kinshicho Station at Chuo-Sobu Line, August 1978
  • A JNR 101 series EMU leaving Katamachi Station on the Katamachi Line, 1985
    A JNR 101 series EMU leaving Katamachi Station on the Katamachi Line, 1985
  • JR East 3-car Tsurumi Line set at Musashi-Shiraishi Station, circa December 1990
    JR East 3-car Tsurumi Line set at Musashi-Shiraishi Station, circa December 1990
  • A JR East 2-car Nambu Branchline set at Shitte Station in July 2002
    A JR East 2-car Nambu Branchline set at Shitte Station in July 2002
  • Last standing 101 series with "Sayonara" head mark on its last run on Nambu Branch Line Services on December 2003
    Last standing 101 series with "Sayonara" head mark on its last run on Nambu Branch Line Services on December 2003

Private operators

A number of former 101 series trains were sold to the private railway operator Chichibu Railway in Saitama Prefecture in 1986, where they operated as 3-car 1000 series sets until March 2014.

  • A Chichibu Railway 1000 series set in January 2008
    A Chichibu Railway 1000 series set in January 2008
  • Chichibu Railway 1000 series sets in "revival" JNR liveries in December 2007
    Chichibu Railway 1000 series sets in "revival" JNR liveries in December 2007

Preserved examples
  • KuMoHa 101-902 at Tokyo General Rolling Stock Center, August 2005
    KuMoHa 101-902 at Tokyo General Rolling Stock Center, August 2005
  • Mock-up of a 101 series at the Kyoto Railway Museum, April 2017
    Mock-up of a 101 series at the Kyoto Railway Museum, April 2017

References
  • JR全車輛ハンドブック'93 [JR Rolling Stock Handbook 1993]. Japan: Neko Publishing. 1993.
  • JR電車編成表 '98夏号 [JR EMU Formations - Summer 1998]. Japan: JRR. July 1998. ISBN 978-4-88283-029-0.
  1. Fukuhara, Shunichi (September 2016). 121系近郊形直流電車のあゆみ part2 [The history of the 121 series suburban DC EMU trains (part 2)]. Japan Railfan Magazine (in Japanese). Vol. 56, no. 665. Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd. pp. 94–99.
  2. プロトタイプの世界 - Prototype World. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbunsha. December 2005. OCLC 170056962.
  3. Railway Museum exhibit details Archived 6 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 28 April 2009. (in Japanese)
  4. "最後の「国鉄トラック電車」 JR西日本クモル145・クル144形とは まもなく還暦に（写真37枚）" [The last "JNR track train", JR West Kumoru 145 and Kuru 144, will soon have their 60th birthday (37 photos)]. trafficnews.jp (in Japanese). Mediavague Co., ltd. 22 December 2017. Archived from the original on 9 December 2019. Retrieved 9 December 2019.
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