1897 Croatian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia from 19 to 22 May 1897. The People's Party emerged as the victor.[1]

Background

The 1897 elections were held during the autocratic rule of Croatian ban Károly Khuen-Héderváry. His primary task as the ban of Croatia was to preserve the Croatian-Hungarian union. Héderváry had maintained good relations with the Hungarian Liberal Party, while he relied on the People's Party in Croatia to maintain the status quo. Héderváry's supporters had won the parliament majority in each of the three previous elections held during his reign, in 1884, 1887 and 1892. At the time of the election, the People's Party held the parliamentary majority.[2]

Under the electoral law, only 2% of the nation's citizens could vote, i.e. men over thirty years old, who could pay 30 forints in tax.[3] Furthermore, Héderváry had gerrymandered the districts to favour different ethnic groups and resorted to divide and rule policies, stoking antagonism between the Serbs and the Croats, as he suspected that any cooperation between them might threaten Austro-Hungarian interests in the Balkans and allow expansion of the Kingdom of Serbia into the empire's territories inhabited by the South Slavs.[2][4][5]

Ban Khuen-Héderváry was unpopular with large groups of Croatian citizens for several reasons: he had suppressed Croatian nationalism, aimed at magyarization of the railways and administration, imposing the Hungarian language at schools, settling Hungarian people in areas of Croatia, as well as lessening local autonomy.[6]

Campaign

The People's Party presented itself as allies of Héderváry and the Croatian-Hungarian Party. The opposition to the People's Party was at the time fragmented, as the Croatian Party of Rights had split into three groups: the Croatian Party of Rights, the Independent Croatian Party of Rights and the Pure Croatian Party of Rights. In August 1986, the main branch of the Croatian Party of Rights and the Independent People's Party formed a coalition. Another opposition party was the Social Democratic Party of Croatia and Slavonia; however, due to their small size they were not a major player in the elections.[6]

Results
Party or allianceSeats+/–
People's Party59–18
Unified OppositionParty of Rights15+7
Independent People's Party11New
Pure Party of Rights2New
Independents10
Total880

Party of Rights

Sources
  • Ivo Perić: Hrvatski državni sabor: 1848-2000, GIPA, Zagreb 2002.

References
  1. Stjepan Matković: Čista stranka prava i stranački izbori na prijelazu 19. u 20. stoljeće, Hrvatski institut za povijest, Zagreb, p. 86-87
  2. Matković, Stjepan (2002). "Parliamentary elections at the turn of the nineteenth century in Croatia". Parliaments, Estates and Representation. 22 (1): 193–194. doi:10.1080/02606755.2002.9522150. S2CID 143017226. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  3. Matković, Stjepan (1997). "Saborski izbori 1897. godine u koprivničkom i novigradskom kotaru". Radovi: Radovi Zavoda za hrvatsku povijest Filozofskoga fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. 30 (1): 155. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  4. Biondich, Mark (2000). Stjepan Radić, the Croat Peasant Party, and the Politics of Mass Mobilization, 1904-1928. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 96. ISBN 0-8020-4727-0.
  5. Suppan, Arnold (2015). Antolčič, Gregor; Rahten, Andrej; Svoljšak, Petra (eds.). On the Eve of the Great War: Political concepts, conspiracies and theories. Ljubljana: Založba ZRC. p. 29. ISBN 9789612547622.
  6. Matković, Stjepan (1997). "Izbori za Hrvatski sabor 1897 godine: afirmacija Khuenove autokracije". Časopis za suvremenu povijest. 29 (3): 469. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
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