1981 South Korean legislative election

Legislative elections were held in South Korea on 25 March 1981.[1]

1981 South Korean legislative election
South Korea
25 March 1981
All 276 seats in the National Assembly
139 seats needed for a majority
Turnout77.74% (Increase 0.66pp)
PartyLeader % Seats +/–
Democratic Justice Chun Doo-hwan 35.64 151 New
Democratic Korea Yu Chi-song 21.57 81 New
National Kim Jong-cheol 13.25 25 New
Civil Rights 6.72 2 New
New Politics 4.18 2 New
Democratic Socialist 3.24 2 New
Democratic Farmer's 1.41 1 New
Peaceful People 0.89 1 New
Independents – 10.70 11 -11
Results by constituency
Speaker before Speaker after
Dissolution of parliament Jung Rae Hyuk
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The result was a victory for the Democratic Justice Party, which won 151 of the 276 seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 77.7%.

The election was held under the influence of Coup d'état of 1979 and 1980. Major opposition political figures like Kim Young-sam were barred from running. Kim Dae-jung was arrested on May 17, 1980, and was sentenced to death on a of "inciting rebellion". Even the Democratic Republican Party of the late president Park Chung-hee was forcibly dissolved, and major figures like Kim Jong-pil was barred from running.

The election, while ostensibly a multi-party election, is widely considered to have been a fraudulent one, with supposed "opposition" politicians being heavily vetted by the Agency for National Security Planning and the South Korean Army Security Command.

Electoral system

The new electoral system for the National Assembly abolished the president's power to appoint one-third of the chamber's members. Of the 276 seats, 184 were elected in two-member constituencies via single non-transferable vote, while the remainder were allocated via proportional representation at the national level among parties that won five or more seats in constituencies. Two-thirds of those seats would be awarded to the top party (which was then eliminated from further consideration for national seats), with the remainder allocated based on vote share.

Results
PartyVotes%Seats
FPTPPRTotal+/–
Democratic Justice Party5,776,62435.649061151New
Democratic Korea Party3,495,82921.57572481New
Korean National Party2,147,29313.2518725New
Civil Rights Party1,088,8476.72202New
New Politics Party676,9214.18202New
Democratic Socialist Party524,3613.24202New
Democratic Farmer's Party227,7151.41101New
Peaceful People Party144,0000.89101New
Socialist Party122,7780.76000New
Korea Christian Democratic Party103,8930.64000New
Unification National Group Party87,9770.54000New
Won-il Democratic Founding Party76,8630.47000New
Independents1,734,22410.7011011–11
Total16,207,325100.0018492276+45
Valid votes16,207,32598.84
Invalid/blank votes190,5201.16
Total votes16,397,845100.00
Registered voters/turnout21,094,46877.74
Source: Nohlen et al.

By city/province
Region Total
seats		 Seats won
DJP DKP KNP CRP NPP DSP DFP PPP Ind.
Seoul 28 14 11 1 0 0 1 0 0 1
Busan 12 6 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Gyeonggi 24 12 10 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Gangwon 12 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
North Chungcheong 8 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 1
South Chungcheong 16 8 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 1
North Jeolla 14 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
South Jeolla 22 10 9 1 0 1 0 0 1 0
North Gyeongsang 26 13 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 3
South Gyeongsang 20 10 5 3 1 0 1 1 0 3
Jeju 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Constituency total 184 90 57 18 2 2 2 1 1 11
PR list 92 61 24 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total 276 151 81 25 2 2 2 1 1 11

References
  1. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p420 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
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