1996 Montreal Expos season

The 1996 Montreal Expos season was the 28th season in franchise history. An 88–74 finish was good enough to put them in 2nd in the NL East, 8 games behind the National League Champion Atlanta Braves and 2 games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers in the Wild Card standings.

1996 Montreal Expos
Major League affiliations
Location
Results
Record88–74
Divisional place2nd
Other information
OwnersClaude Brochu
General managersJim Beattie
ManagersFelipe Alou
Local televisionThe Sports Network
(Dave Van Horne, Ken Singleton)

TQS
(Michel Villeneuve, Marc Griffin)
SRC
(Claude Raymond, Camille Dube)
RDS Network
(Denis Casavant, Alain Chantelois)
Local radioCKAC (AM)
(Dave Van Horne, Ken Singleton, Elliott Price, Mike Stenhouse)

CIQC
(Jacques Doucet, Rodger Brulotte, Alain Chantelois)
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Offseason

  • October 13, 1995: Butch Henry was selected off waivers by the Boston Red Sox from the Montreal Expos.[1]
  • December 1, 1995: Wally Whitehurst was signed as a free agent with the Montreal Expos.[2]
  • December 4, 1995: Jalal Leach was drafted by the Montreal Expos from the New York Yankees in the 1995 minor league draft.[3]
  • December 15, 1995: Omar Daal was traded by the Los Angeles Dodgers to the Montreal Expos for Rick Clelland (minors).[4]
  • December 20, 1995: Andy Stankiewicz signed as a free agent with the Montreal Expos.[5]
  • March 13, 1996: Rick Schu was signed as a free agent with the Montreal Expos.[6]
  • March 13, 1996: Sherman Obando was traded by the Baltimore Orioles to the Montreal Expos for Tony Tarasco.[7]

Spring training

The Expos held spring training at West Palm Beach Municipal Stadium in West Palm Beach, Florida – a facility they shared with the Atlanta Braves. It was their 20th season at the stadium; they had conducted spring training there from 1969 to 1972 and since 1981.

Regular season

Opening Day (April 1) – Seven pitches into the first game of the season, at Riverfront Stadium in Cincinnati, home plate umpire John McSherry collapses on the field and dies of a massive heart attack.[8] The game between the Cincinnati Reds and the Expos is postponed, along with the rest of the games scheduled for that day. Reds owner Marge Schott later comes under fire for wanting the game in Cincinnati to continue despite the tragedy (and against the wishes of the players on both teams), saying that she felt "cheated" when it was canceled.

The Expos set an MLB record with six grand slams before May 1, a feat not equaled until the 2018 Boston Red Sox.[9]

Ultimately, the Expos finished two games behind the Los Angeles Dodgers in the National League wild card race.

Opening Day lineup

Note: sources do not list the complete Expos lineup for April 1, although it was likely the same (other than the pitcher) as for April 2, as the Reds use the same starting pitcher, left-hander Pete Schourek, on both days.

Season standings

NL East W L Pct. GB Home Road
Atlanta Braves 9666 0.593 56–25 40–41
Montreal Expos 8874 0.543 8 50–31 38–43
Florida Marlins 8082 0.494 16 52–29 28–53
New York Mets 7191 0.438 25 42–39 29–52
Philadelphia Phillies 6795 0.414 29 35–46 32–49

Record vs. opponents


Sources:
Team ATL CHC CIN COL FLA HOU LAD MON NYM PHI PIT SD SF STL
Atlanta 7–57–55–76–76–65–710–37–69–49–39–47–59–4
Chicago 5–75–85–76–65–88–56–67–57–64–96–67–55–8
Cincinnati 5–78–57–63–97–64–83–96–610–25–89–39–45–8
Colorado 7–57–56–75–88–56–73–97–56–67–58–55–88–4
Florida 7–66–69–38–57–56–75–87–66–75–73–95–76–6
Houston 6–68–56–75–85–76–64–98–410–28–56–68–42–11
Los Angeles 7–55–88–47–67–66–69–38–47–66–65–87–68–4
Montreal 3–106–69–39–38–59–43–97–66–77–54–89–48–4
New York 6–75–76–65–76–74–84–86–77–68–53–106–65–7
Philadelphia 4-96–72–106–67–62–106–77–66–77–54–86–64–8
Pittsburgh 3–99–48–55–77–55–86–65–75–85–74–98–43–10
San Diego 4–96–63–95–89–36–68–58–410–38–49–411–24–8
San Francisco 5–75–74–98–57–54–86–74–96–66–64–82–117–6
St. Louis 4–98–58–54–86–611-24–84–87–58–410–38–46–7

Game log

1996 Game Log: 88–74 (Home: 50–31; Away: 38–43)
April: 17–9 (Home: 10–3; Away: 7–6)
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
1April 2@ Reds1–4SchourekFassero (0–1)Moore53,1360–1
2April 3@ Reds8–4Veres (1–0)Shaw19,1041–1
3April 4@ Reds10–2Paniagua (1–0)Burba17,0672–1
4April 5Rockies6–4Dyer (1–0)MunozRojas (1)45,0423–1
5April 6Rockies4–5ThompsonRueter (0–1)Leskanic27,0403–2
6April 7Rockies9–1Fassero (1–1)Painter11,2124–2
7April 8@ Cardinals4–3 (10)Rojas (1–0)Parrett52,8415–2
8April 10@ Cardinals1–4BenesPaniagua (1–1)27,7345–3
9April 11@ Pirates6–5 (11)Rojas (2–0)CordovaVeres (1)8,0846–3
10April 12@ Pirates13–3Rueter (1–1)Darwin13,0877–3
11April 13@ Pirates3–9WagnerFassero (1–2)13,8347–4
12April 14@ Pirates2–5NeagleMartinez (0–1)12,7977–5
13April 16Phillies7–6Rojas (3–0)Springer8,5108–5
14April 17Phillies3–9MulhollandCormier (0–1)8,7288–6
15April 18Phillies8–9BottalicoRojas (3–1)8,3168–7
16April 19Pirates2–1Manuel (1–0)Plesac13,2569–7
17April 20Pirates11–2Martinez (1–1)Ericks14,02210–7
18April 21Pirates9–4Veres (2–0)Christiansen11,36111–7
19April 22Cardinals8–0Cormier (1–1)Osborne9,77812–7
20April 23Cardinals12–11Scott (1–0)Mathews8,35213–7
21April 24Reds7–6 (10)Dyer (2–0)Moore10,12614–7
22April 25Reds8–4Martinez (2–1)Smiley13,06715–7
23April 26@ Rockies6–2Alvarez (1–0)Reynoso48,02416–7
24April 27@ Rockies5–6 (13)PainterDaal (0–1)48,01316–8
25April 28@ Rockies21–9Rueter (2–1)Rekar48,00617–8
26April 29@ Mets2–3HarnischFassero (1–3)Franco14,01117–9
May: 14–14 (Home: 8–6; Away: 6–8)
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
27May 1@ Mets4–0Martinez (3–1)Clark18–9
28May 1@ Mets0–6IsringhausenAlvarez (1–1)16,93718–10
29May 3@ Astros1–4ReynoldsCormier (1–2)Jones19,63318–11
30May 4@ Astros2–1Veres (3–0)HernandezRojas (2)22,81019–11
31May 5@ Astros5–0Fassero (2–3)Brocail25,20720–11
32May 6Cubs6–2Martinez (4–1)Bullinger46,89321–11
33May 7Cubs8–3Veres (4–0)Adams13,23622–11
34May 8Cubs4–2Cormier (2–2)NavarroRojas (3)12,48423–11
35May 9Astros4–11KileRueter (2–2)12,47023–12
36May 10Astros5–2Fassero (3–3)DoughertyRojas (4)30,31524–12
37May 11Astros10–9 (13)Dyer (3–0)Dougherty26,08425–12
38May 12Astros7–6Urbina (1–0)HamptonRojas (5)19,34526–12
39May 13@ Dodgers3–2Manuel (2–0)WorrellRojas (6)25,60027–12
40May 14@ Dodgers1–2MartinezVeres (4–1)Worrell37,94227–13
41May 15@ Dodgers2–7CandiottiFassero (3–4)26,87527–14
42May 17@ Padres1–2 (12)HoffmanRojas (3–2)26,46927–15
43May 18@ Padres3–2Urbina (2–0)ValenzuelaRojas (7)31,74928–15
44May 19@ Padres3–4WorrellVeres (4–2)Hoffman28,76928–16
45May 20@ Giants6–9DeweyDyer (3–1)Beck10,06228–17
46May 21@ Giants5–8DeweyAucoin (0–1)Beck8,91128–18
47May 22@ Giants4–3Martinez (5–1)VanLandinghamRojas (8)11,66329–18
48May 24Dodgers4–5 (11)OsunaDaal (0–2)Worrell27,84329–19
49May 25Dodgers3–5MartinezCormier (2–3)Worrell27,10429–20
50May 26Dodgers3–4CandiottiRojas (3–3)Worrell30,71829–21
51May 27Padres3–4HamiltonFassero (3–5)Hoffman44,63629–22
52May 28Padres2–3 (10)HoffmanScott (1–1)Bochtler16,53729–23
53May 29Padres9–4Urbina (3–0)Valenzuela14,38630–23
54May 31Giants7–4Daal (1–2)DeLuciaVeres (2)25,71231–23
June: 16–10 (Home: 8–4; Away: 8–6)
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
55June 1Giants5–1Fassero (4–5)FernandezDyer (1)36,85832–23
56June 2Giants1–8LeiterMartinez (5–2)25,00632–24
57June 4@ Marlins0–5BurkettRueter (2–3)14,82132–25
58June 5@ Marlins2–1Cormier (3–3)RappVeres (3)21,34233–25
59June 7@ Cubs9–3Fassero (5–5)Castillo23,86034–25
60June 8@ Cubs4–6TelemacoMartinez (5–3)Wendell37,37334–26
61June 9@ Cubs2–4TrachselRueter (2–4)Wendell30,78534–27
62June 10Marlins2–5NenDyer (3–2)34,86734–28
63June 11Marlins3–2Scott (2–1)BrownVeres (4)10,75835–28
64June 12Marlins8–0Fassero (6–5)Leiter12,34136–28
65June 14@ Reds6–1Martinez (6–3)Portugal26,69137–28
66June 15@ Reds6–5Rueter (3–4)BurbaRojas (9)32,83338–28
67June 16@ Reds0–7SalkeldCormier (3–4)25,65738–29
68June 17@ Rockies5–3Urbina (4–0)FreemanRojas (10)48,02139–29
69June 18@ Rockies12–8Dyer (4–2)Holmes50,02540–29
70June 19@ Rockies6–7 (10)RuffinScott (2–2)48,00740–30
71June 20Cardinals8–3Rueter (4–4)Stottlemyre15,09541–30
72June 21Cardinals4–3 (12)Rojas (4–3)Eckersley16,13642–30
73June 22Cardinals4–9MorganUrbina (4–1)16,89542–31
74June 23Cardinals3–2Fassero (7–5)OsborneRojas (11)22,16843–31
75June 24Pirates11–3Martinez (7–3)Dessens23,73644–31
76June 25Pirates8–2Rueter (5–4)SmithScott (1)12,77645–31
77June 26Pirates1–3DarwinCormier (3–5)Cordova12,84645–32
78June 28@ Phillies3–7MulhollandUrbina (4–2)Ryan21,70345–33
79June 29@ Phillies1–0Fassero (8–5)Schilling22,89846–33
80June 30@ Phillies6–5Rojas (5–3)BottalicoDyer (2)24,94947–33
July: 11–15 (Home: 6–8; Away: 5–7)
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
81July 1Braves2–7AveryRueter (5–5)34,11647–34
82July 2Braves5–1Cormier (4–5)Maddux20,07548–34
83July 3Braves1–3GlavineScott (2–3)Wohlers26,83748–35
84July 4Mets0–4PersonFassero (8–6)11,86148–36
85July 5Mets6–9DipotoScott (2–4)Franco13,55048–37
86July 6Mets3–11JonesRueter (5–6)15,54648–38
87July 7Mets4–3Cormier (5–5)HarnischRojas (12)16,07649–38
88July 11Phillies2–3SchillingFassero (8–7)Bottalico17,54649–39
89July 12Phillies3–5MulhollandMartinez (7–4)14,32249–40
90July 13Phillies2–6MimbsCormier (5–6)30,21549–41
91July 14Phillies5–2Scott (3–4)WilliamsRojas (13)31,51550–41
92July 15@ Braves4–5MadduxManuel (2–1)Wohlers32,70850–42
93July 16@ Braves2–3WohlersScott (3–5)31,33450–43
94July 18@ Mets7–3Martinez (8–4)Harnisch19,46751–43
95July 19@ Mets5–4Dyer (5–2)IsringhausenRojas (14)19,00552–43
96July 20@ Mets1–4WilsonUrbina (4–3)Franco27,40752–44
97July 21@ Mets4–3Fassero (9–7)ClarkRojas (15)32,17353–44
98July 23@ Pirates1–5LieberMartinez (8–5)10,29253–45
99July 24@ Pirates4–5EricksRojas (5–4)19,21953–46
100July 25@ Cardinals4–2Urbina (5–3)PetkovsekRojas (16)34,27154–46
101July 26@ Cardinals5–1Fassero (10–7)Osborne30,04855–46
102July 27@ Cardinals3–6BenesDyer (5–3)Eckersley44,26955–47
103July 28@ Cardinals4–6PetkovsekMartinez (8–6)Mathews31,22655–48
104July 29Rockies4–1Cormier (6–6)WrightRojas (17)19,11556–48
105July 30Rockies3–1Urbina (6–3)ReynosoRojas (18)17,07157–48
106July 31Rockies6–2Fassero (11–7)Bailey23,66358–48
August: 14–14 (Home: 8–7; Away: 6–7)
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
107August 1Reds7–9ShawDyer (5–4)Brantley13,72558–49
108August 2Reds11–1Martinez (9–6)Jarvis12,98859–49
109August 3Reds6–2Cormier (7–6)PortugalRojas (19)17,18460–49
110August 4Reds7–3Urbina (7–3)BurbaRojas (20)15,40861–49
111August 6@ Astros7–5Fassero (12–7)KileRojas (21)17,65862–49
112August 7@ Astros13–5Leiter (1–0)Wall19,70363–49
113August 8@ Astros2–6DrabekMartinez (9–7)26,63263–50
114August 9Cubs9–11BullingerCormier (7–7)Patterson15,49863–51
115August 10Cubs2–3CasianDyer (5–5)Wendell16,72463–52
116August 11Cubs4–3 (10)Rojas (6–4)Bottenfield20,12064–52
117August 12Astros8–1Leiter (2–0)Darwin35,45865–52
118August 13Astros7–4Martinez (10–7)DrabekRojas (22)17,10366–52
119August 14Astros3–8ReynoldsCormier (7–8)19,13666–53
120August 16@ Dodgers2–8AstacioUrbina (7–4)51,57366–54
121August 17@ Dodgers6–7WorrellVeres (4–3)47,54966–55
122August 18@ Dodgers7–3Leiter (3–0)Candiotti36,67367–55
123August 19@ Padres3–7SandersMartinez (10–8)Hoffman33,49067–56
124August 20@ Padres0–3TewksburyCormier (7–9)Hoffman18,42667–57
125August 21@ Padres2–7ValenzuelaUrbina (7–5)29,18267–58
126August 22@ Giants5–4Fassero (13–7)BautistaRojas (23)14,74468–58
127August 23@ Giants10–8Daal (2–2)CreekRojas (24)18,73969–58
128August 24@ Giants3–0Martinez (11–8)EstesRojas (25)22,71070–58
129August 25@ Giants2–7FernandezCormier (7–10)24,34970–59
130August 27Dodgers1–5NomoFassero (13–8)21,04070–60
131August 28Dodgers6–5Rojas (7–4)Park13,00671–60
132August 29Dodgers1–2MartinezMartinez (11–9)Worrell16,55171–61
133August 30Padres0–6SandersPaniagua (1–2)14,13371–62
134August 31Padres4–2Daal (3–2)TewksburyRojas (26)18,23572–62
September: 16–12 (Home: 10–3; Away: 6–9)
#DateOpponentScoreWinLossSaveAttendanceRecord
135September 1Padres7–6Fassero (14–8)AshbyRojas (27)20,66673–62
136September 2Giants4–3 (11)Manuel (3–1)Beck26,68974–62
137September 3Giants9–2Martinez (12–9)Gardner20,16875–62
138September 4Giants6–0Paniagua (2–2)Estes20,31776–62
139September 5@ Marlins6–2Manuel (4–1)Rapp16,08077–62
140September 6@ Marlins0–4HuttonFassero (14–9)Powell16,94377–63
141September 7@ Marlins2–1Leiter (4–0)ValdesRojas (28)25,27878–63
142September 8@ Marlins1–2HellingMartinez (12–10)Nen19,42778–64
143September 9@ Cubs1–3FosterPaniagua (2–3)24,45278–65
144September 10@ Cubs3–10BottenfieldDaal (3–3)26,70078–66
145September 11@ Cubs2–1Urbina (8–5)AdamsRojas (29)30,72979–66
146September 12Marlins5–4Veres (5–3)PowellRojas (30)9,30880–66
147September 13Marlins3–2Martinez (13–10)HellingRojas (31)13,72381–66
148September 14Marlins3–2Veres (6–3)PowellRojas (32)17,54682–66
149September 15Marlins3–4LeiterDaal (3–4)Nen26,16682–67
150September 17Mets7–1Fassero (15–9)Isringhausen17,28283–67
151September 18Mets4–3Urbina (9–5)MlickiRojas (33)14,93084–67
152September 19@ Braves5–1Urbina (10–5)Wohlers37,19385–67
153September 20@ Braves2–3GlavineLeiper (0–1)Wohlers46,26085–68
154September 21@ Braves4–5NeagleDaal (3–5)Wohlers49,28585–69
155September 22@ Braves2–8SmoltzFassero (15–10)49,23885–70
156September 23@ Braves1–3MadduxLeiter (4–1)Bielecki49,08385–71
157September 24@ Phillies6–2Juden (1–0)WilliamsRojas (34)16,04486–71
158September 25@ Phillies1–3WestPaniagua (2–4)Bottalico17,54486–72
159September 26@ Phillies5–2Daal (4–5)SchillingRojas (35)16,58787–72
160September 27Braves4–6SmoltzFassero (15–11)Wohlers33,13387–73
161September 28Braves0–4WoodallLeiter (4–2)34,12587–74
162September 29Braves6–3Alvarez (2–1)AveryRojas (36)30,64688–74
Legend:        = Win        = Loss
Bold = Expos team member

Detailed records

Transactions

  • June 4, 1996: Milton Bradley was drafted by the Montreal Expos in the 2nd round of the 1996 amateur draft. Player signed July 1, 1996.[13]
  • June 12, 1996: Wally Whitehurst was selected off waivers by the New York Yankees from the Montreal Expos.[2]
  • June 25, 1996: Jon Habyan was signed as a free agent with the Montreal Expos.[14]
  • July 11, 1996: Jeff Juden was selected off waivers by the Montreal Expos from the San Francisco Giants.[15]
  • July 30, 1996: Kirk Rueter was traded by the Montreal Expos with Tim Scott to the San Francisco Giants for Mark Leiter.[16]

Roster

1996 Montreal Expos
Roster
Pitchers Catchers

Infielders

Outfielders

Other batters

Manager

Coaches

Player stats

= Indicates team leader

Starters by position

Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs; H = Hits; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; Avg. = Batting average; SB = Stolen bases

Pos Player G AB R H HR RBI Avg. SB
CDarrin Fletcher127394411051257.2660
1BDavid Segui115416691191158.2864
2BMike Lansing159641991831153.28523
SSShane Andrews12737543851964.2273
3BMark Grudzielanek15365799201649.30633
LFHenry Rodríguez1455328114736103.2762
CFRondell White883343598641.29314
RFMoisés Alou143540871522196.2819

[17]

Other batters

Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; R = Runs; H = Hits; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in; Avg. = Batting average; SB = Stolen bases

Player G AB R H HR RBI Avg. SB
F.P. Santangelo15239354109756.2775
Cliff Floyd1172272955626.2427
Sherman Obando891783044822.2472
Lenny Webster781741840217.2300
Dave Silvestri861621633117.2042
Andy Stankiewicz6477122209.2861
Tim Spehr63444413.0911
Vladimir Guerrero9272511.1850
Yamil Benítez11120202.1670
Raúl Chávez451100.2001
Rick Schu140000.0000
Rob Lukachyk220000.0000
Tony Barron110000.0000

Starting pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts; BB = Walks allowed

Player G IP W L ERA SO BB
Jeff Fassero34231.215113.3022255
Pedro Martínez33216.213103.7022270
Rhéal Cormier33159.27104.1710041
Ugueth Urbina33114.01053.7110844
Kirk Rueter1678.2564.583022
Mark Leiter1269.2424.394619
José Paniagua1351.0243.532723

Other pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts; BB = Walks allowed

Player G IP W L ERA SO BB
Jeff Juden2232.2102.202614
Tavo Álvarez1121.0213.00912
Alex Pacheco55.20011.1271
Dave Leiper74.00111.2532
Derek Aucoin22.2013.3811

Relief pitchers

Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts; BB = Walks allowed

Player G IP W L SV ERA SO BB
Mel Rojas7481.074363.229228
Mike Dyer7075.25524.405134
Dave Veres6877.26344.178132
Omar Daal6487.14504.028237
Barry Manuel5386.04103.246226
Tim Scott4546.13513.113721

Award winners

1996 Major League Baseball All-Star Game

Farm system

Level Team League Manager
AAA Ottawa Lynx International League Pete Mackanin
AA Harrisburg Senators Eastern League Pat Kelly
A West Palm Beach Expos Florida State League Rick Sofield
A Delmarva Shorebirds South Atlantic League Doug Sisson
A-Short Season Vermont Expos New York–Penn League Kevin Higgins
Rookie GCL Expos Gulf Coast League Jim Gabella

LEAGUE CHAMPIONS: Harrisburg, Vermont[18]

References

  1. "Butch Henry Stats".
  2. "Wally Whitehurst Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  3. "Jalal Leach Stats".
  4. "Omar Daal Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  5. "Andy Stankiewicz Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  6. "Rick Schu Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  7. "Sherman Obando Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on December 2, 2008. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  8. www.baseball-almanac.com Obituary of John McSherry
  9. Browne, Ian (April 30, 2018). "In 21st win, Sox's 6th slam ties '96 Expos mark". MLB.com. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
  10. "Reds, Expos players too shaken to play". The Orlando Sentinel. April 2, 1996. p. 5. Retrieved May 1, 2018 via newspapers.com.
  11. "Reds Notebook". The Orlando Sentinel. April 2, 1996. p. 31. Retrieved May 1, 2018 via newspapers.com.
  12. "Cincinnati Reds 4, Montreal Expos 1". Retrosheet. April 2, 1996. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
  13. "Milton Bradley Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  14. "John Habyan Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  15. "Jeff Juden Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  16. "Kirk Rueter Statistics – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on December 16, 2008. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  17. "1996 Montreal Expos Statistics and Roster – Baseball-Reference.com". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2008.
  18. Johnson, Lloyd, and Wolff, Miles, ed., The Encyclopedia of Minor League Baseball, 3rd edition. Durham, North Carolina: Baseball America, 2007
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