2021 Palawan division plebiscite

The Palawan division plebiscite was a plebiscite held in the province of Palawan, Philippines on March 13, 2021. As required by Republic Act No. 11259, the plebiscite was conducted to consent the residents of Palawan on the proposal to divide the province into three separate provinces: Palawan del Norte, Palawan del Sur, and Palawan Oriental.[1]

2021 Palawan division plebiscite
March 13, 2021
Do you consent to the division of the province of Palawan into three provinces to be named: Palawan del Norte, Palawan Oriental, and Palawan del Sur pursuant to Republic Act No. 11259?
OutcomeProposal rejected
Results
Choice
 Votes  %
Yes 122,223 41.50%
No 172,304 58.50%
Valid votes 294,527 98.92%
Invalid or blank votes 3,201 1.08%
Total votes 297,728 100.00%
Registered voters/turnout 490,219 60.73%
Results by municipality; inset: Kalayaan (same scale)
Yes:   50–60%   60–70%   70–80%
No:   50–60%   60–70%   70–80%

It was originally scheduled to take place on May 11, 2020, but was postponed indefinitely due to quarantine measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. It was eventually held on March 13, 2021. The voters rejected the proposal according to the final tally that was published on March 16.

Background

During the Spanish colonial period, what is the current province of Palawan was organized into the province of Calamianes in 1818. It was later divided into two provinces: Castilla and Asturias, later it was divided into three districts, the two named provinces, and Balabac. In 1902, during the American colonial period, Americans established civil rule in northern Palawan, calling it "Paragua". A year later, it was reorganized to include the southern portions under the name of "Palawan".[2]

Legislative history

In 2017, the Palawan Provincial Board unanimously passed a resolution to divide the province into three, which will be called Northern, East Central, and Southern Palawan. Proponents argued that it will lead to more tourism opportunities and speed up delivery of basic social services to the residents.[3]

House Bill No. 8055 was unanimously passed in third reading by the House of Representatives on August 30, 2018. This will lead to Palawan being split into three. Palawan 1st district Congressman Franz Alvarez allayed fears that it was a gerrymander, saying that it is not because "to gerrymander is to consolidate, not to split and micro-manage.[4]

Before the Senate was to debate on the bill, civil society groups in Palawan opposed the measure. Cynthia del Rosario of the Save Palawan Movement said that the House of Representatives railroaded House Bill No. 8055, and that it was approved "without undergoing prior public consultation". At this point, the names of the provinces were "Palawan del Norte," "Palawan del Sur," and "Palawan Oriental." Governor Jose Alvarez (uncle of Congressman Franz Alvarez), the Palawan Provincial Board and the three congressmen from Palawan pushed for the proposal. Senator Sonny Angara, chairman of the Senate Committee on Local Government, endorsed the proposal.[5]

The Senate Committee on Local Government approved the bill on second reading on November 14. Five days later, the Senate passed the bill on third reading, with 14 voting for and only Risa Hontiveros voting against. The House of Representatives concurred with amendments by the Senate on January 28, 2019.[6] Hontiveros explained that "Instead of having to face a single, strong provincial government which can mobilize the entire island in its own defense, China will now have the opportunity to infiltrate and influence smaller local government units".[7]

Republic Act No. 11259, dividing the Philippine province of Palawan into three separate provinces, was signed into law by President Rodrigo Duterte on April 5, 2019. The act will only take effect if voters in the province vote in favor of the law in a plebiscite.[8]

Governor Jose Alvarez was re-elected governor in the May 2019 gubernatorial elections, and his Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan won a near sweep of all province-level elective posts.[9]

Proposed provinces
The then-proposed provinces of Palawan del Norte, Palawan del Sur, and Palawan Oriental, with Puerto Princesa to remain an independent city

Republic Act No. 11259 proposed the division of Palawan into three provinces. The following are the then-proposed component municipalities of the three provinces:[8]

Palawan del Sur was the designated "mother province" and could have been the legal successor of the Palawan province.[8]

Inclusion of Puerto Princesa

The highly urbanized city of Puerto Princesa, which is not under the jurisdiction of the Palawan provincial government and is only statistically and geographically considered part of the province, will continue to be independent of any province. As such, its residents did not participate in the plebiscite; if the division is approved, it would be grouped with the southern province thereafter.[8] However, a petition was filed in Supreme Court, which sought the inclusion of Puerto Princesa residents in the plebiscite.[10] The court unanimously dismissed the petition, ruling that the since Puerto Princesa is a highly urbanized city and is no longer under the jurisdiction of the province, it cannot be one of the "political units directly affected" by the plebiscite.[11]

Preparation

Scheduling

As per law, the plebiscite for the division of Palawan was originally scheduled on "the second Monday of May 2020" (May 11). However, the plebiscite was suspended in late March due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[12] If a "majority of the votes cast by the voters of the affected areas" voted in favor of the law, the Palawan would be divided into three provinces: Palawan del Norte, Palawan del Sur, and Palawan Oriental. It is unclear what the fate of the proposed partition will be if a majority in one of the proposed three provinces rejected the motion in the plebiscite.[8]

There are 490,639 registered voters eligible to participate in the plebiscite.[10]

By mid-May 2020, Palawan governor Jose Alvarez said that he expects the plebiscite to be done by July, adding that once the general community quarantine is lifted in Palawan, the Commission on Elections would reschedule it.[13] Commissioner Rowena Guanzon hinted that the plebiscite would not take place until the province is no longer locked down.[14]

On May 15, 2020, Mimaropa, including Palawan and Puerto Princesa, was placed in modified general community quarantine, the lowest form of quarantine available.[15] By July 3, 2020, the local COMELEC office was awaiting on a memorandum from the main COMELEC office in Manila on when the plebiscite would take place. The provincial information office earlier said that it expects the plebiscite to be done by August 2020, or at least anytime that year.[16]

By July 2020, the commission deferred to the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID) on scheduling when the plebiscite could be held. The IATF-EID recommended the commission to conduct it with minimum exposure of the voters to the coronavirus, provide additional health safety measures, including the addition of new polling precincts to reduce congestion. The groups campaigning against the division pointed out that activities related to the plebiscite involves mass gatherings and would be against the guidelines imposed by the government.[17]

In October 2020, the task force approved preparations to hold the plebiscite in the first quarter of 2021.[1] In December 2020, the COMELEC approved the conduct of the plebiscite on March 13, 2021. For the purpose of the rescheduled plebiscite, ballots already printed and bearing the original plebiscite date were used and still considered valid.[18]

Question

The ballot question is as follows:[18]

In Filipino:

"Pumapayag ka ba na hatiin ang probinsya ng Palawan sa tatlong probinsya na papangalanang: Palawan del Norte, Palawan Oriental at Palawan del Sur alinsunod sa Batas Republika Bilang 11259?

English translation:

Do you consent to the division of the province of Palawan into three provinces to be named: Palawan del Norte, Palawan Oriental, and Palawan del Sur pursuant to Republic Act No. 11259?

Voters were opted to write "yes" or "oo" if they agree, or "no" or "hindi" if they oppose the proposal.[18]

Organization

The COMELEC did not require voters to wear face shields during the plebiscite, in a bid to combat voter disenfranchisement; however, wearing face masks was still required, as iterated in prevailing COVID-19 regulations imposed nationwide.[19] Isolation polling places (IPPs) were also set up in addition to regular polling precincts. Voters with COVID-19 symptoms and answered "yes" in any of the questions on the health declaration form which were filled up as part of contact tracing efforts, were only allowed to vote in IPPs.[20]

Campaign

Two groups emerged in line with the plebiscite. The pro-division group, named as "3-in-1", was spearheaded by the Palawan provincial government. Those who were against coalesced into the "One Palawan Movement". Cynthia Sumagaysay-Del Rosario, a convener of the One Palawan Movement said that more voters did not vote for governor Jose Alvarez in the 2019 gubernatorial election, with Alvarez winning 207,875 votes, as against the 142,954 from other candidates, and 172,485 who did not vote for governor. Winston Arzaga, the provincial information officer, said that Del Rosario's findings "does not deserve a comment", and that contrary to those who opposed the division, the provincial government had been conducting an information education campaign for the proposed division, even in its bill stage.[21]

By December 2020, Governor Alvarez was confident of the measure being approved by the people.[22] Later that month, The Philippine Star branded the plebiscite as "gerrymandering in a pandemic".[23]

The Palawan NGO Network Inc. (PNNI) opposed the proposal of dividing Palawan. In January 2021, the Palawan Provincial Board passed a resolution declaring environment lawyer and PNNI chief Robert Chan as persona non grata or unwelcome in Palawan. The resolution came after a two-year-old video circulated on social media, where Chan said that Palawan is "terribly mismanaged and neglected, with illegal logging, illegal fishing, and mining seemingly promoted to give in to big business." In response to the declaration, Chan inferred that the "no" campaign for the plebiscite may be gaining ground.[24]

The National Secretariat for Social Action, Justice and Peace of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) expressed concern on the plebiscite, saying the division would affect Palawan's biodiversity and indigenous peoples' communities. Apostolic coordinator of the Apostolic Vicariate of Taytay Father Rey Aguanta said that "the law was mostly due to personal and vested political interests, and not to pave the way for genuine human development", and that the money spent for the plebiscite should have instead been spent on COVID-19 vaccines and other services.[25]

On February 11, 2021, the campaign period officially started, which was scheduled to end on the eve of the plebiscite for election silence.[26] Any Filipino citizen based in the Philippines, including those from outside Palawan could legally participate in the campaign. Appointed government officials were barred from participating.[27] By the following week, the Philippine Daily Inquirer published an opinion piece from the Coalition Against Land Grabbing urging voters to vote "no" in the plebiscite, preferring for the local government to implement laws on wildlife and indigenous peoples, and that the people in Palawan did not ask their province to be divided.[28]

Less than two weeks before the vote, the Legal Network for Truthful Elections (LENTE), an elections watchdog, asked the commission to conduct debates regarding the plebiscite. LENTE cited limited face-to-face interactions, poor telecommunications, and no local television channel was focused on an information campaign about the plebiscite.[29] The commission replied the next day that instead of debates, they would conduct an information campaign via radio. Radio was chosen as the best mass medium due to Palawan's poor internet connectivity.[30] The commission assured both pro- and anti-division groups would be given airtime.[31]

On a week before the plebiscite, One Palawan Movement accused the pro-division camp of buying votes; the Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan, a political party supporting the province's division, dared the anti-division camp of showing evidence of such activities.[32]

Results
An elderly woman votes at the Narra Pilot School in Narra, Palawan on March 13, 2021

In the plebiscite, a majority of votes cast (not necessarily a majority of the registered voters) in favor was needed to ratify the law. A low voter turnout would not invalidate the result. The commission expected a low turnout due to the pandemic.[33]

The commission declared the plebiscite a success, with the 50 to 60% turnout outperforming their 47% forecast. All voting places opened in time, except those found in Kalayaan, due to the late arrival of election paraphernalia, which was blamed on the bad weather. Instances of voter suppression in Coron, where those who were thought to vote against division were denied health declaration forms, were abetted with the intervention of the commission.[34] The National Movement for Free Elections (NAMFREL) reported incidents of vote buying in Brooke's Point. A NAMFREL volunteer personally witnessed distribution of envelopes containing 200 pesos (US$4.12) "in exchange for people to vote a certain way in the plebiscite."[35]

The Provincial Plebiscite Board of Canvassers convened at the Palawan Provincial Capitol in Puerto Princesa at 6:00 p.m. on plebiscite day, but adjourned 45 minutes later as it has not yet received any certificate of canvass at that time. They reconvened at 2:00 p.m. the next day to canvass results from Narra and Brooke's Point, then adjourned until 9:00 a.m. on March 15.[36][37]

Do you consent to the division of the province of Palawan into three provinces?
Choice Votes  %
Referendum failed No 172,304 58.50
Yes 122,223 41.50
Required majority 50.00
Valid votes 294,527 98.92
Invalid or blank votes 3,201 1.08
Total votes 297,728 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 490,219 60.73
Source: COMELEC Facebook Live
  • 22 out of 23 certificates of canvass

The final tally was expected to be published on March 16, 2021.[38]

Per municipality
The Provincial Plebiscite Board of Canvassers convening at the session hall of the Palawan Provincial Board on March 13, 2021

The results from Kalayaan were not expected to be delivered to the Plebiscite Board of Canvassers by March 16. The board accepted the suggestion of those against division to proclaim the results as official even prior to the Kalayaan results being canvassed, as the lead of the "no" vote at that time cannot be overturned.[39]

Results per municipality
Municipality Yes No Valid votes Invalid votes Turnout Registered voters
Total  % Total  % Total  % Total  % Total  %
Aborlan 4,979 35.48 9,055 64.52 14,034 99.10 127 0.90 14,161 56.11 25,240
Agutaya 795 19.89 3,202 80.11 3,997 98.96 42 1.04 4,039 63.65 6,376
Araceli 1,248 23.30 4,108 76.70 5,356 98.78 66 1.22 5,422 61.29 8,846
Balabac 5,227 47.60 5,755 52.40 10,982 100.00 0 0.00 10,982 54.07 20,309
Bataraza 21,604 72.82 8,065 27.18 29,669 98.76 372 1.24 30,041 61.95 48,491
Brooke's Point 11,816 49.53 12,042 50.47 23,858 98.68 320 1.32 24,178 60.53 39,943
Busuanga 1,784 20.21 7,045 79.79 8,829 99.19 72 0.81 8,901 63.00 14,129
Cagayancillo 2,085 71.43 834 28.57 2,919 99.12 26 0.88 2,945 67.70 4,350
Coron 4,710 23.40 15,416 76.60 20,126 97.85 442 2.15 20,568 59.36 34,651
Culion 4,329 51.01 4,158 48.99 8,487 98.64 117 1.36 8,604 72.87 11,807
Cuyo 1,733 21.58 6,297 78.42 8,030 99.47 43 0.53 8,073 65.64 12,298
Dumaran 2,544 32.13 5,375 67.87 7,919 98.80 96 1.20 8,015 62.65 12,793
El Nido 6,454 35.18 11,891 64.82 18,345 98.76 231 1.24 18,576 69.33 26,792
Kalayaan[lower-alpha 1] 20 32.79 41 67.21 61 96.83 2 3.17 63 22.42 281
Linapacan 1,847 35.04 3,424 64.96 5,271 98.27 93 1.73 5,364 58.10 9,233
Magsaysay 1,174 25.28 3,470 74.72 4,644 99.53 22 0.47 4,666 67.40 6,923
Narra 6,983 29.29 16,861 70.71 23,844 99.53 113 0.47 23,957 65.50 36,578
Quezon 6,311 37.20 10,655 62.80 16,966 98.83 200 1.17 17,166 53.50 32,083
Rizal 7,351 57.56 5,420 42.44 12,771 98.72 166 1.28 12,937 54.13 23,902
Roxas 9,582 43.47 12,459 56.53 22,041 99.31 154 0.69 22,195 60.45 36,175
San Vicente 5,184 44.68 6,418 55.32 11,602 98.72 151 1.28 11,753 63.19 18,600
Sofronio Española 3,827 41.83 5,323 58.17 9,150 99.25 69 0.75 9,219 47.46 19,426
Taytay 10,656 41.48 15,031 58.52 25,687 98.93 279 1.07 25,966 63.75 40,734
Palawan 122,223 41.50 172,304 58.50 294,527 98.92 3,201 1.08 297,728 60.73 490,219
  1. Not included in the tally.

The predominantly tourist towns of El Nido and Coron saw the "no" votes having a wide lead against the "yes" votes".[40] Brooke's Point, seen to be a stronghold for the pro-division camp as it is chosen to be the capital of Palawan del Sur, saw the "no" votes narrowly eking out against the "yes" votes.[41] In the town of Kalayaan in the disputed Spratly Islands, only 63 out of the 281 registered voters voted in the plebiscite, with the "no" votes outnumbering the "yes" votes.[42]

Per proposed province

The measure was rejected in all of the three proposed provinces.

Results per proposed province
Proposed
province		 Yes No Valid votes
Total % Total %
Palawan del Norte 29,780 34.33 56,965 65.67 86,745
Palawan del Sur 68,098 48.20 73,176 51.80 141,274
Palawan Oriental 24,345 36.60 42,163 63.40 66,508
Palawan 122,223 41.50 172,304 58.50 294,527

Per congressional district

While the measure was rejected in all three congressional districts of Palawan, it was closest in the 2nd district, with the "no" vote leading by just 1,002 votes or 0.78%.

Results per congressional district
District Yes No Valid votes
Total % Total %
1st district 54,145 35.32 99,169 64.68 153,314
2nd district 63,119 49.61 64,121 50.39 127,240
3rd district[lower-alpha 1] 4,979 35.48 9,055 64.52 14,034
Palawan 122,223 41.50 172,304 58.50 294,527
  1. Excluding the independent city of Puerto Princesa.

Aftermath

Palawan Provincial Board member Ryan Maminta and Brooke's Point mayor Jean Feliciano conceded the loss of the "yes" vote the day after the election.[43] By Monday, Palawan governor Jose Alvarez, seen as the prime proponent of the division, conceded the loss of the cause, saying that it was the loss of the people of Palawan and not of the provincial government as the law was created for them (the people). He further said that the result had to be accepted and that they would not ask for a recount.[44]

Bishop Socrates Mesiona of the Apostolic Vicarate of Puerto Princesa said that "[t]he people have spoken and they must be listened to through deep respect for the sanctity of ballots."[45]

In the Senate, Senator Richard Gordon cautioned the Senate in creating any more provinces, while Sonny Angara, who sponsored the bill in the Senate as the chairman on the Committee on Local Government, said that the measure was "hotly debated" when it was being tackled, but he was surprised by the results. Senate Minority Leader Franklin Drilon said that "part of the system, and we should continue with the system because it's good for our democracy."[46]

Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque said that the national government respects "the sovereign decision made by the people of Palawan."[47]

In the ensuing gubernatorial election in 2022, Vice Governor Victorino Dennis Socrates defeated former governor Mario Joel Reyes.[48] Reyes was then disqualified by the Commission on Elections in 2023 for being a fugitive, solidifying Socrates' victory; Reyes has a pending case over the killing of journalist Gerry Ortega.[49] Alvarez himself won as representative from the 2nd district, defeating incumbent Beng Abueg.[50] Alvarez and Socrates supported each other in the election.[51]

See also

References
  1. "Palawan plebiscite set for 2021 as COVID-19 task force OKs health protocols". CNN Philippines. October 9, 2020. Retrieved October 11, 2020.
  2. "Palawan: Population Rose to Three Quarter of a Million (Results from the 2000 Census of Population and Housing, NSO)". July 16, 2002. Archived from the original on November 16, 2015.
  3. "Palawan ready to be divided into 3 provinces | Philippines News Agency". BusinessMirror. December 21, 2017. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  4. "House OKs division of Palawan". Palawan News. August 30, 2018. Retrieved March 15, 2021 – via PressReader.
  5. "Group opposes bill dividing Palawan into 3 provinces". Rappler. November 7, 2018. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  6. "17th Congress - House Bill No. 8055 - Senate of the Philippines". legacy.senate.gov.ph. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  7. Charm, Neil (November 19, 2018). "Senate OK's Palawan division on final reading | BusinessWorld". BusinessWorld. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  8. Salaverria, Leila (April 14, 2019). "Plebiscite on splitting Palawan into 3 provinces set for 2020". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved April 14, 2019.
  9. Anda, Redempto D. (May 18, 2019). "Palawan re-elects gov". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  10. Cetenta, Diana Ross (February 14, 2020). "400k registered voters to decide Palawan division". Palawan Daily News. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
  11. "The 3 in 1 Palawan Supreme Court Decision Simplified". Palawan News. August 3, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  12. Magdayao, Aira Genesa (March 26, 2020). "Postponement of Palawan division plebiscite sought". Palawan News Online. Retrieved March 27, 2020.
  13. Magdayao, Aira Genesa (May 14, 2020). "Plebiscite on division of Palawan into 3 provinces may be held in July". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  14. Santos, Tina G. (May 11, 2020). "No plebiscite on new Palawan provinces soon". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved May 20, 2020.
  15. Kravchuk, Max. "Oops, These Areas Will Remain Under Modified GCQ; Guidelines for the Phased Transition From ECQ to GCQ". One News. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
  16. Laririt, Patricia (July 3, 2020). "No COMELEC update on holding of plebiscite to create 3 Palawan provinces". Palawan News. Retrieved July 19, 2020.
  17. Magdayao, Aira Genesa (July 28, 2020). "COMELEC defers to IATF on conduct of Palawan plebiscite". Palawan News. Retrieved July 28, 2020.
  18. "Comelec OKs holding of plebiscite in 23 Palawan municipalities on March 13, 2021". Manila Bulletin. December 24, 2020. Retrieved December 25, 2020.
  19. Medenilla, Samuel (February 25, 2021). "Comelec drops mandatory use of face shield in Palawan poll". BusinessMirror. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  20. Jaymalin, Mayen (March 2, 2020). "Comelec to use IPPs for Palawan plebiscite". The Philippine Star. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  21. Miranda, Romar (December 24, 2020). "Comelec sets Palawan split plebiscite on March 13, 2021". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved December 26, 2020.
  22. Magdayao, Aira Genesa (December 24, 2020). "Province targets "undecided" voters in forthcoming plebiscite". Palawan News. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
  23. "EDITORIAL – Gerrymandering in a pandemic". The Philippines Star. Retrieved December 26, 2020.
  24. Fabro, Keith Anthony (January 23, 2021). "Palawan gov't declares environmental lawyer persona non grata". Rappler. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
  25. Aquino, Leslie Ann (February 7, 2021). "CBCP-NASSA concern over possible effects of Palawan Division to biodiversity and IP communities". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved February 8, 2021.
  26. Aquino, Leslie Ann (February 11, 2021). "Campaign period for March 13 Palawan Plebiscite starts". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  27. Medenilla, Samuel (February 18, 2021). "Outsiders may campaign in split-Palawan poll | Samuel Medenilla". BusinessMirror. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  28. "No to splitting Palawan into three provinces; strengthen LGUs instead". Philippine Daily Inquirer. February 23, 2021. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
  29. Aquino, Leslie Ann (March 3, 2021). "Lente calls for debates ahead of March 13 Palawan Plebiscite". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  30. Aquino, Leslie Ann (March 4, 2021). "Comelec to give proponents, oppositors of proposed division of Palawan chance to reach the public via radio". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  31. Medenilla, Samuel (March 5, 2021). "Comelec assures pre-poll info drive for Palawan plebiscite". BusinessMirror. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
  32. Miranda, Romar (March 12, 2021). "Palawan plebiscite 'dry run' for 2022 polls, says Comelec". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
  33. "Comelec sees low turnout in Palawan's three-way split plebiscite". Philippine Daily Inquirer. March 9, 2021. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
  34. Miranda, Romar (March 14, 2021). "Palawan plebiscite a success – Comelec". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 13, 2021.
  35. "Vote buying mars Palawan plebiscite – The Manila Times". The Manila Times. Retrieved March 13, 2021.
  36. Patinio, Ferdinand (March 14, 2021). "Canvassers reconvene for counting of Palawan plebiscite votes". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  37. "Palawan plebiscite canvassers to resume session on Monday". GMA News. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  38. Jaymalin, Mayen. "All set for Palawan plebiscite". The Philippine Star. Retrieved March 11, 2021.
  39. "Proposal to divide Palawan dead in the water". Palawan News Online. March 16, 2021. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
  40. Miranda, Romar (March 14, 2021). "Palawan's tourist towns of El Nido, Coron vote 'No' to three-way split". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  41. Miranda, Romar (March 14, 2021). "Palawan three-way split plebiscite: It's a 'No' in Brooke's Point". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  42. Miranda, Romar (March 14, 2021). "Palawan 3-way split plebiscite: Low turnout, a 'No' in Kalayaan Island". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 14, 2021.
  43. Miranda, Romar (March 14, 2021). "Pro-Palawan split campaigners concede loss". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  44. "'Their loss': Palawan governor concedes in historic plebiscite". Rappler. March 15, 2021. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  45. "Prelate to Palawaños: Respect plebiscite result". www.manilatimes.net. March 16, 2021. Archived from the original on July 5, 2021. Retrieved March 16, 2021.
  46. "After Palawan plebiscite, Senate urged to 'think twice' before splitting provinces". Rappler. March 15, 2021. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  47. Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (March 18, 2021). "Palace respects voters' rejection of split Palawan proposal". www.pna.gov.ph. Archived from the original on July 3, 2021. Retrieved March 18, 2021.
  48. Miranda, Romar (May 11, 2022). "In Palawan, ex-governor Reyes' comeback bid thwarted". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
  49. "Comelec disqualifies losing Palawan gubernatorial bet Joel Reyes". cnn. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
  50. Palay, Lara Grace (May 11, 2022). "PBOC proclaims Jose Alvarez as winner of the congressional race in the 2nd District of Palawan". PALAWAN NEWS. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
  51. "Socrates turns back JTR challenge as admin ticket dominates local polls". PALAWAN NEWS. May 11, 2022. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
  • Republic Act No. 11259, Charter of the Provinces of Palawan del Norte, Palawan Oriental, and Palawan del Sur
  • COMELEC Resolution No. 10620, Calendar of Activities and Periods of Certain Prohibited Acts in Connection with the May 11, 2020 Plebiscite to Ratify the Division of the Province of Palawan
  • COMELEC Resolution No. 10682, Setting the Date of the Conduct of the Plebiscite to Ratify the Division of the Province of Palawan into Three (3) Provinces; Namely Palawan Del Norte, Palawan Oriental and Palawan Del Sur and Prescribing the Calendar of Activities and Periods of Certain Prohibited Acts in Connection With Said Plebiscite
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.