2024 Indonesian general election

In order to run as a presidential candidate, a candidate must be formally endorsed by a political party or a coalition thereof which compose either 20 percent of seats in the DPR or 25 percent of popular votes in the prior election, i.e. in the 2019 election.[5] Political parties are allowed to remain neutral if they are unable to propose their own candidate. However, if a neutral party(s) is able to endorse their own candidate, they are required to do so, or face being barred from participating in the next election.

The voting procedure followed a two-round system, with voters simply choosing one of the candidate pairs. A candidate will be required to win a majority and at least 20% of the votes in over half of Indonesia's provinces to be declared the winner. If no candidate pairs had fulfilled the criterion (50%+1 of total popular votes), the election will be repeated or progressed to a second round with only the two candidates receiving the most popular votes.

According to the Constitution, presidential candidates must:

• Be at least 40 years old (the requirement has not changed);
• Be resident in Indonesia for at least 5 years;
• Not have foreign citizenship, either at the time of the election or at any time before.

Members of both the People's Representative Council (DPR) and the Regional People's Representative Councils (DPRD) are elected from multi-member electoral districts through voting with an open list system, and seat distribution is done with the Sainte-Laguë method. There is a gender quota requiring at least 30% of registered candidates to be female.

A 4% parliamentary threshold is set for parties to be represented in the DPR, though candidates could still win seats in the regional councils provided they won sufficient votes. There are 580 DPR seats contested. Nationally, there are 84 DPR electoral districts, with 301 provincial and 2,375 municipal electoral districts. Senatorial candidates for the DPD are not allowed to be members of any political party. Four senators are elected for each province – a total of 152 members.[6]

This will be the first elections for provincial deputies and senators of both Houses for Central, Southwest, South and Highland Papua - all new provinces formed in 2022. On 12 December 2022, Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 signed and published to amend the 2017 electoral law to make the new electoral regions to those provinces and facilitate the election there.[7]

Nusantara, the designated new national capital, is expected to not to be developed as new separate electoral region in the 2024 general election. Proposed plans by the government is currently not focused on the establishment of new electoral region and districts in Nusantara due to its under-construction state and currently as there are few people currently living in Nusantara, less than the standard number of people to be established as a new electoral district. Due to this, a new temporary mechanism is currently devised by the government for DPR to serve as the temporary representation body until 2029, when Nusantara can be deemed capable to be established as new electoral region. For 2024 election, electors living within Nusantara are considered a part of the East Kalimantan electoral region and thus the regional representatives to the DPR that covers the area, as well as the provincial senators at large, will be elected.[8][9][10]

The National Awakening Party had previously declared support for Prabowo Subianto but later rescinded their support and declared support for Anies Baswedan with the Natioal Awakening Party's Chairman, Muhaimin Iskandar, being selected as Anies Baswedan's running mate.[47] [48]

Demokrat had previously declared support for Anies Baswedan, however due to the selection of Muhaimin Iskandar as Anies Baswedan's running mate, in term foregoing Demokrat's Chairman Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, rescinded their support and then declared support for Prabowo Subianto.[49] [50]

The Indonesian Solidarity Party had previously declared their support for Ganjar Pranowo but rescinded support and on the 24th of October 2023, officially declared support for Prabowo Subianto[51][52]

All legislative candidates has to be Indonesian citizens, over 21 years old, senior high school (or equivalent) graduates, and have never been convicted for a crime resulting in a sentence of 5 years or more. In addition, the candidates for the People's Representative Council (DPR) or local legislatures has to be endorsed by a political party and are required to resign from their non-legislative government offices – except for the president and vice president – or their state-owned company positions. Legislators running for reelection or another body through a new political party are also required to resign.[55] For each electoral district, political parties are required to have at least 30 percent of running candidates, rounded to the closest whole number, be women. This was changed from the regulations in effect in the 2019 election, where the 30 percent figure would be rounded up, and thus less women candidates overall would be required.[56]

Candidate registration was opened between 1–14 May 2023, with a total of 10,341 candidates registering to run for DPR. This included 17 of the 18 national parties registering a maximum of 580 candidates allowed each, with only the Gelora Party registering less with 481 candidates.[57] Approximately 1,100 individuals registered as candidates for the Regional Representative Council, with only 622 passing requirements.[58]

This graph shows the polling trends in the run-up to the 2024 Indonesian legislative election. Scenario polls are not included.

The electoral threshold to obtain seats is currently set at 4%.