20th Chess Olympiad

42.003812°N 21.452246°E / 42.003812; 21.452246

Official logo of the Olympiad.

The 20th Chess Olympiad (Macedonian: 20. Шаховска олимпијада, 20. Šahovska olimpijada), organized by FIDE and comprising an open[1] team tournament, as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between September 18 and October 13, 1972, in Skopje, Yugoslavia (present-day Macedonia).

Summary

For the first time, the Soviet team only comprised 5 GMs and one IM (Savon). Since Bobby Fischer had beaten Spassky earlier in the year, the team wasn't led by the current world champion – also a first. It did, however, feature three previous (Smyslov, Tal, and Petrosian) as well as one future champion (Karpov). The team still lived up to expectations, though, and won their eleventh consecutive gold medal, with Hungary and Yugoslavia taking the silver and bronze, respectively.

Before the Soviet team could achieve a victory, there was some controversy. In the 4th round of Final Group A, the Soviets played a match against the team from Bulgaria. A game between Victor Korchnoi and Georgi Tringov was adjourned after 41 moves with Tringov to seal his next move. At this Olympiad, sealed moves were written on a separate piece of paper, not the player's score sheet. Tringov rejected this way of sealing his move and instead wrote it on his score sheet. When the game was resumed, the arbiter opened the envelope. In the envelope was Korchnoi's score sheet but not the one belonging to Tringov. The arbiter ruled the game a forfeit win for Korchnoi. The Bulgarian team captain instituted protest proceedings but an arbitration committee upheld the arbiter's ruling. After the Olympiad was over, it was learned that Tringov had absentmindedly placed his score sheet in his pocket. Tringov discovered his mistake several days after his forfeit but was too ashamed to admit his mistake to the organizers of the Olympiad.[2]

In Final B, the Albanian team refused to play Israel and withdrew after round 11. Their matches were regarded as "friendlies" and didn't count in the overall standings.

Jens Enevoldsen represented Denmark at his 11th and final Olympiad, 39 years after his first appearance at Folkestone 1933. Both records at the time (although both have since been beaten by Lajos Portisch).

The 5th Women's Chess Olympiad also took place; this was the first time that it took place at the same time and in the same venue as the open event. It was won by the Soviet Union team.

Open event

Preliminaries

A total of 63 teams were divided into eight preliminary groups of seven or eight teams each, from which the top two advanced to Final A, no. 3-4 to Final B etc. Unlike the last few tournaments, preliminary head-to-head results were not carried over to the finals, so each teams met one other team twice. All preliminary groups and finals were played as round-robin tournaments. The results were as follows:

  • Group 1:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 + = Points
A  Soviet Union - 4 4 4 4 6 0 0 22
A  Denmark ½ - 3 2 3 4 4 1 1 15
B  Belgium 0 1 - 3 3 4 2 0 14
B  Cuba 2 1 - 3 2 1 13
C  Finland 0 1 - 4 2 4 0 11½
C  Dominican Republic 0 1 ½ 0 - 3 1 5 0 6
D  Luxembourg 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 - 0 6 0
  • Group 2:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
A  Yugoslavia - 2 3 3 4 3 4 6 0 1 22½
A   Switzerland 2 - 2 4 4 1 2 19
B  Peru ½ 2 - 2 4 4 4 4 1 2 19
B  England 1 2 - 3 4 5 1 1 18½
C  Brazil 1 1 - 4 3 3 4 0 15½
C  Japan 0 ½ 0 ½ - 3 2 5 0 8
D  Syria 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 - 0 7 0 5
D  Cyprus 0 0 0 0 1 1 - 1 6 0
  • Group 3:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
A  Hungary - 2 3 3 4 4 4 6 0 1 23½
A  Poland 2 - 3 4 3 4 6 0 1 22
B  Norway 1 - 3 4 5 2 0 20
B  Indonesia ½ 1 ½ - 3 4 3 4 3 0 15½
C  Scotland 1 0 1 ½ - 3 3 4 0 11½
C  Bolivia 0 1 ½ 1 ½ - 2 3 1 5 1 8
D  Morocco 0 0 ½ 0 2 - 1 5 1
D  Cyprus 0 ½ 0 1 1 1 - 0 7 0 5
  • Group 4:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
A  West Germany - 4 4 3 3 4 7 0 0 25
A  Argentina 0 - 3 2 4 3 4 5 1 1 18½
B  Iceland ½ 1 - 3 5 2 0 17½
B  Greece 0 - 3 4 3 4 0 14
C  New Zealand 1 2 ½ 1 - 2 3 4 2 3 2 13½
C  Mexico ½ 0 1 2 - 2 3 2 3 2 11
D  France 1 1 ½ 1 2 - 1 5 1 10½
D  Guernsey 0 0 ½ 0 0 1 ½ - 0 7 0 2
  • Group 5:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
A  Czechoslovakia - 3 3 2 4 4 4 6 0 1 23½
A  Spain 1 - 4 4 4 5 2 0 19½
B  Mongolia ½ - 2 4 4 2 1 17½
B  Israel 1 2 - 2 3 4 3 2 2 17
C  Portugal 2 0 ½ 2 - 3 3 2 2 13½
C  Ireland 0 1 - 3 3 3 4 0 12½
D  Hong Kong 0 0 0 ½ ½ 1 - 1 6 0
D  Malaysia 0 0 ½ 0 1 1 ½ - 0 7 0 3
  • Group 6:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
A  East Germany - 3 3 4 4 7 0 0 23½
A  Sweden 1 - 2 4 3 4 5 1 1 20
B  Canada - 4 5 2 0 18
B  Italy 1 2 - 4 4 2 1 17
C  Wales ½ ½ ½ - 3 3 3 4 0 11½
C  Turkey ½ 0 - 1 6 0 10
D  Singapore 0 1 0 1 - 3 2 5 0 9
D  Malta 0 0 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 - 0 7 0 3
  • Group 7:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
A  Bulgaria - 3 2 4 4 5 1 1 20½
A  Netherlands - 2 3 2 4 4 5 0 2 20
B  Albania 1 2 - 4 3 5 1 1 18
B  Colombia 2 - 2 3 3 2 2 16
C  Australia 1 ½ 2 - 4 3 4 3 3 1 16
C  Puerto Rico ½ 2 ½ ½ 0 - 4 3 2 4 1 10½
D  Iraq 0 0 0 1 0 - 3 1 6 0
D  Andorra 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 - 0 7 0 4
  • Group 8:
# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
A  United States - 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 0 2 21½
A  Romania 2 - 2 2 3 4 4 4 0 3 20½
B  Philippines 2 2 - 2 2 4 4 3 0 4 19½
B  Austria 1 2 2 - 2 3 1 3 16½
C  Tunisia ½ 1 ½ ½ - 4 3 4 3 4 0 13½
C  Iran 1 ½ 2 2 0 - 4 2 3 2 13
D  Faroe Islands 0 0 0 1 0 - 4 1 6 0
D  United States Virgin Islands 0 0 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 - 0 7 0 1

Finals

Final A
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating[3]
PointsMPHead-
to-head
1 Soviet UnionPetrosian, Korchnoi, Smyslov, Tal, Karpov, Savon263542
2 HungaryPortisch, Bilek, Forintos, Ribli, Csom, Sax253140½
3 YugoslaviaGligorić, Ivkov, Ljubojević, Matanović, Matulović, Rukavina254338
4 CzechoslovakiaHort, Smejkal, Filip, Jansa, Přibyl, Trapl253435½
5 West GermanyHübner, Darga, Pfleger, Hecht, Kestler, Dueball254035
6 BulgariaBobotsov, Tringov, Radulov, Padevsky, Peev, Bohosjan245932
7 RomaniaGheorghiu, Ciocâltea, Ghițescu, Ungureanu, Ghizdavu, Partoș246631½
8 NetherlandsDonner, Ree, Zuidema, Timman, Hartoch, Enklaar24652913
9 United StatesKavalek, Byrne, Benko, Bisguier, Martz, Kane25152913
10 East GermanyUhlmann, Malich, Knaak, Liebert, Schöneberg, Vogt249027½
11 SpainPomar, Díez del Corral, Medina, Torán, Bellón López, Visier Segovia243426
12 PolandSchmidt, Bednarski, Pytel, Sznapik, Filipowicz, Sydor241024½
13 DenmarkHamann, Jakobsen, Sloth, Holm, Enevoldsen, Pedersen242823
14 ArgentinaRossetto, García, Rubinetti, Emma, Debarnot, Hase241822½9
15 SwedenAndersson, Jansson, Ornstein, Liljedahl, Olsson, Uddenfeldt239922½8
16  SwitzerlandHug, Lombard, Bhend, Schaufelberger, Wirthensohn, Gereben238321½
Final B
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMP
17 EnglandKeene, Hartston, Wade, Markland, Whiteley, Littlewood241337
18 IsraelKagan, Kraidman, Geller, Kaldor, Balshan, Friedman235336½
19 CanadaSuttles, Yanofsky, Vranesic, Biyiasas, Amos, Day244333
20 PhilippinesTorre, Cardoso, Rodríguez, De Castro, Badilles, Lobigas236531½
21 NorwayKristiansen, Wibe, Johannessen, Hoen, Øgaard, Zwaig240430½
22 CubaRodríguez Cordoba, García Martínez, Cobo Arteaga, Hernández, Estévez Morales, Carlos Diaz23833016
23 AustriaRobatsch, Röhrl, Janetschek, Watzka, Strobel, Holaszek23603015
24 IcelandSigurjónsson, Kristinsson, Torsteinsson, Sólmundarson, Torvaldsson, Magnússon241929
25 ColombiaCuéllar, Gutierrez, Cuartas, de Greiff, Minaya Molano, Castro236127
26 IndonesiaWotulo, Ardiansyah, Bachtiar, Sampouw, Suradiradja, Turalakey231825½
27 ItalyTatai, Mariotti, Paoli, Micheli, Cappello, Capece235825
28 MongoliaÜitümen, Myagmarsuren, Tumurbator, Jigjidsuren, Niamdorzi, Zorigt233024½
29 GreeceSiaperas, Vizantiadis, Skalkotas, Trikaliotis, Makropoulos, Balaskas227321
30 BelgiumBoey, Van Seters, Cornelis, Beyen, Verstraeten, Wostyn229820½
31 PeruRodríguez Vargas, Quiñones, Vásquez, Pesantes Carbajal, Villasante, García Toledo230319
- AlbaniaPustina, Vila, Adhami, Muço, Omari, Zadrima2245-
Final C
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMPHead-
to-head
32 AustraliaBrowne, Fuller, Hay, Flatow, Hamilton, Shaw237045
33 FinlandWesterinen, Ojanen, Saren, Sorri, Rantanen, Kanko228842½
34 ScotlandLevy, Pritchett, Bonner, Jamieson, Denman, Aitken227339
35 IranHarandi, Shirazi, Shahsavar, Sharif, Sawadkuhi, Saloor225037½
36 BrazilGerman, Trois, Nóbrega, Toth, van Riemsdijk, dos Santos223625½
37 PortugalRibeiro, Durão, Silva, Santos, Cardoso, Figueiredo228532½
38 TurkeySüer, Külür, Onat, Erözbek, Uzman, Bilyap226131
39 IrelandMoles, MacGrillen, Littleton, Cassidy, Coldrick, Keeshan M.220028½15
40 Puerto RicoKaplan, Martínez Buitrago, Berríos Pagán, Benítez, Sacarello, Colón Romero M.228028½12
41 MexicoCampos López, Frey, Escondrillas, De la Cruz, Padilla, Barrientos221326½123
42 TunisiaBelkadi, Kchouk, Drira, Teboudi K., Najar C., Lagha222526½121
43 WalesWilliams, Hutchings, Gavrilovic, Jones, Haigh, James224826½10
44 New ZealandSarapu, Sutton, Stuart, Carpinter, Van Dijk, Kerr223525
45 Dominican RepublicBelliard Alonzo, Delgado, Gonzáles, Peña, Malagón, Álvarez220021½
46 BoliviaMartínez Vaca, Chávez Chávez, Alvarez U., Carvajal, Mendivil220019
47 JapanMiyasaki, Matsumoto, Gonda, Takahashi, Otami K., Nakamori222015½
Final D
#CountryPlayersRatingPointsMP
48 FranceRossolimo, Todorcevic, Letzelter, Huguet, Raizman, Haïk227646½
49 SingaporeTan Lian Ann, Lim Kok Ann, Giam Choo Kwee, Choong Liong On, Ee, Pang Kwok Leong226342½
50 MaltaCamilleri, Gouder, Attard, Saliba, Cilia Vincenti, Casha221332½
51 Hong KongKrstic, Hasan, Kwan Nam Seng, Hobson, Kong V., Krouk220030½
52 LebanonSursock, Loheac-Ammoun, Maalouf, Bedrossian, Galeb220030
53 LuxembourgPhilippe, Weber, Stull, Schammo, Simon, Kirsch221429½
54 Faroe IslandsPetersen, Joensen, Midjord, Mikkelsen, Thomsen, Olsen220029
55 SyriaShorbagay, Catalan, Nashed, Asfary, Sayed M., Tabba220028
56 CyprusKleopas, Constantinou, Avgousti, Martidis, Vassiades, Hadjittofis220027½
57 MoroccoBelarbi, Kaderi, Abbou, Chami, Sbia, Abdelmalek220526
58 AndorraBallague, Calderon D., De la Casa, Gómez Abad, Pantebre Martínez, Iglesias220024
59 MalaysiaFoo Lum Choon, Chan Mun Fye, Kao Yin Keat, Fang Ewe Churh, Loh Chee Hoong, Ariff A.220023½
60 GuernseyPalmer, Marquand, Bisson, Moriarty, Wallbridge, Gavey220020½9
61 IraqTaha, Al-Hamani, Al-Jassani, Ahmed K., Al-Mawla, Salim220020½5
62 United States Virgin IslandsAbraham, Grumer E., Potter H., Edwards, Grumer S.220010½

Final A

Place Country 12345678910111213141516 +-=Points
1  Soviet Union -2333234 121242
2  Hungary -2324 121240½
3  Yugoslavia -222333334 93338
4  Czechoslovakia 2-243 94235½
5  West Germany 22-22323 91535
6  Bulgaria 2-3222 74432
7  Romania 12-2232 65431½
8  Netherlands 112-3322 57329
9  United States 1122-332 57329
10  East Germany ½½11-2234 58227½
11  Spain ½½1211-233 49226
12  Poland 11122122-2222 07824½
13  Denmark ½2½½22½2-2 28523
14  Argentina 20112½1122-2 28522½
15  Sweden 1022202-1 29422½
16   Switzerland 0½011221223- 29421½

Final B

Place Country 171819202122232425262728293031- +-=Points
17  England -232333 111237
18  Israel -32323324 92336½
19  Canada 21-122334 92333
20  Philippines 3-½2123 84231½
21  Norway 1½-1332233321 75230½
22  Cuba 223-32222 53630
23  Austria 21-21233 65330
24  Iceland ½1212-2324 64429
25  Colombia 22½12-2323 45527
26  Indonesia ½½12212-342 38325½
27  Italy 11321½-124 48225
28  Mongolia 112½2323-11 47324½
29  Greece 1½112½213-2 29321
30  Belgium 1012202-1 29320½
31  Peru 2½1101032- 210219
-  Albania 031½23- ----
  • Team Albania refused to play Israel and withdrew after round 11. Their scores were set as friendlies.

Final C

Place Country 32333435363738394041424344454647 +-=Points
32  Australia -32323343334 130245
33  Finland 1-32232344 111342
34  Scotland 21-23244 102339
35  Iran 122-3133333 103237½
36  Brazil 22½-232234 73535½
37  Portugal ½½1-22243 75332½
38  Turkey ½32-41222 56431
39  Ireland 11½-1222 66328½
40  Puerto Rico 12112½-422 47428½
41  Mexico 0½103-332323 58226½
42  Tunisia 121223201-223 36626½
43  Wales ½122212-22 27626½
44  New Zealand 1½1½22222-12 36625
45  Dominican Republic 11½½102½123- 49221½
46  Bolivia 001012½2222-2 09619
47  Japan 000½½11½2- 113115½


Final D

Place Country 484950515253545556575859606162 +-=Points
48  France -23434344444 121146½
49  Singapore 2-333433 130142½
50  Malta 1½-31223 93232
51  Hong Kong 01-233 85130½
52  Lebanon 1½1-222233 73430
53  Luxembourg 0132-2323½3 74329½
54  Faroe Islands ½½2-2 75229
55  Syria ½1-213 67128
56  Cyprus ½222½-233 54527½
57  Morocco 112½3-24 48226
58  Andorra 0½1222-1 47324
59  Malaysia 02111-4 310123
60  Guernsey 00½½2½13- 49120½
61  Iraq 0111½2- 211120½
62  United States Virgin Islands 01½1½110½0½- 014010½

Individual medals

Best game

The Best Game prize went to Werner Hug (Switzerland) - Vlastimil Hort (Czechoslovakia) from Final A.

Women's event

Twenty-three nations took part in the women's Olympiad. From four preliminary groups the teams were split into three finals. The Soviet Union won.

Preliminaries

  • Group 1:
Final Country 1 2 3 4 5 + = Points
A  Soviet Union - 2 2 2 4 0 0
A  East Germany 0 - 2 3 1 0 5
B  Netherlands 0 ½ - 2 2 2 0 4
B  Australia 0 ½ ½ - 2 1 3 0 3
C  Ireland ½ 0 0 0 - 0 4 0 ½
  • Group 2:
Final Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 + = Points
A  England - 1 2 2 2 4 0 1
A  Czechoslovakia 1 - 1 2 2 2 3 0 2 8
B  Yugoslavia ½ 1 - 2 2 2 3 1 1
B  Austria 0 0 0 - 2 2 3 0
C  Scotland 0 0 0 ½ - 1 4 0 2
C  Japan 0 0 0 0 ½ - 0 5 0 ½
  • Group 3:
Final Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 + = Points
A  Romania - 1 2 2 4 0 1 8
A  Bulgaria 1 - 2 2 4 0 1 8
B  Mongolia 0 ½ - 1 1 2 1 2 2
B  Brazil 0 ½ 1 - 1 1 2 2 4
C  Israel ½ 0 1 ½ - 1 0 3 2 3
C   Switzerland ½ 0 0 1 1 - 0 3 2
  • Group 4:
Final Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 + = Points
A  Hungary - 1 1 2 2 2 3 0 2 8
A  West Germany 1 - 1 2 2 3 0 2
B  Poland 1 1 - 1 2 2 2 0 3 7
B  Sweden 0 0 1 - 1 2 1 2 2 4
C  Finland 0 ½ 0 1 - 1 0 3 2
C  Singapore 0 0 0 0 1 - 0 4 1 1

Finals

Final A
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMP
1 Soviet UnionNona Gaprindashvili, Alla Kushnir, Irina Levitina237311½
2Romania RomaniaElisabeta Polihroniade, Gertrude Baumstark, Alexandra Nicolau225888
3 HungaryMária Ivánka, Zsuzsa Verőci, Gyuláné Krizsán-Bilek223388
4 BulgariaTatjana Lematschko, Antonina Georgieva, Vesmina Shikova2130
5 CzechoslovakiaStepanka Vokřálová, Květa Eretová, Eva Hojdarová21687
6 West GermanyAnni Laakmann, Irmgard Kärner, Ursula Wasnetsky1885
7 East GermanyWaltraud Nowarra, Gabriele Just, Christina Hölzlein2148
8 EnglandJana Hartston, Elaine Pritchard, Anne Sunnucks20054
Final B
#CountryPlayersAverage
rating
PointsMP
9Poland PolandKrystyna Radzikowska, Hanna Ereńska-Radzewska, Mirosława Litmanowicz213810½
10 YugoslaviaMilunka Lazarević, Katarina Jovanović, Henrijeta Konarkowska-Sokolov2273
11 AustriaIngeborg Kattinger, Alfreda Hausner, Wilma Samt180077
12 NetherlandsHendrika Timmer, Ingrid Jansen, Ada van der Giessen203577
13 SwedenSolveig Haraldsson, Ingrid Keményová-Svensson, Ulla Bohmgren1848
14 BrazilRuth Cardoso, Regina Fontanelli, Ivone Moysés19056
15 MongoliaGanginchugin Hulgana, Sandagdorj Handsuren, Biamba1800
16 AustraliaNarelle Kellner, Marion McGrath, Lynda Maddern18005
Final C
#CountryPlayersPointsMP
17  SwitzerlandAnna Näpfer, Elsa Lüssy, Fässler J.9
18 IsraelFrida Rabinovich, Lidia Gal, Klugas S.
19 SingaporeMok Poh Pheng, Giam Yoke Chin, Jane Tan6
20 IrelandDorren O'Siochrú, Aileen Noonan, O'Clery A.5
21 FinlandSirkka-Liisa Vuorenpää, Johanna Tuomainen, Marjatta Palasto4
22 ScotlandNancy Elder, Mary McGinn, Miriam Little
23 JapanMiyoko Watai, Otani K., Kyoto Watanabe3

Final A

# Country 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 + = Points
1  Soviet Union - 2 1 2 2 6 0 1 11½
2  Romania 0 - 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 4 8
3  Hungary ½ 0 - 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 8
4  Bulgaria ½ 1 1 - 1 ½ 2 2 2 3
5  Czechoslovakia 1 1 ½ 1 - 1 1 1 1 5 7
6  West Germany 0 0 1 1 - ½ 2 3 2
7  East Germany ½ 1 0 0 1 - ½ 1 4 2
8  England 0 1 0 ½ ½ ½ - 1 5 1 4

Final B

# Country 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 + = Points
9  Poland - 2 1 6 0 1 10½
10  Yugoslavia ½ - 1 ½ 2 4 2 1
11  Austria ½ 1 - 2 1 0 1 2 2 3 7
12  Netherlands 0 ½ - 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 7
13  Sweden 1 ½ 0 1 - 1 1 2 1 2 4
14  Brazil ½ 0 1 1 1 - 1 1 2 4 6
15  Mongolia ½ ½ 2 0 1 ½ - 1 1 4 2
16  Australia ½ ½ 1 1 0 1 1 - 0 3 4 5

Final C

# Country 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 + = Points
17   Switzerland - 1 2 2 ½ 2 4 1 1 9
18  Israel 1 - 1 2 4 0 2
19  Singapore 0 1 - 1 1 2 3 1 6
20  Ireland ½ ½ 1 - ½ 2 3 1
21  Finland 0 ½ ½ ½ - 2 2 2 4 0
22  Scotland ½ ½ ½ 0 - 2 4 0
23  Japan 0 0 1 0 ½ - 1 4 1 3

Individual medals

References

  1. Although commonly referred to as the men's division, this section is open to both male and female players.
  2. Keene, Ray; Levy, David (1973). Chess Olympiad 1972. Doubleday & Company. pp. 68–69.
  3. This was the first Olympiad after the ELO rating system was introduced, so many players on smaller teams were still unrated. For the purpose of calculating team averages, they were given provisional ratings of 2200, equivalent to that of a Candidate Master.
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