51st New Zealand Parliament
The 51st New Zealand Parliament was elected at the 2014 general election. This Parliament consists of 121 members (120 seats plus one overhang seat) and was in place from September 2014 until August 2017, followed by the 2017 New Zealand general election. Following the final vote count John Key was able to continue to lead the Fifth National Government.
| 51st Parliament of New Zealand | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Overview | |||||
| Legislative body | New Zealand Parliament | ||||
| Term | 20 October 2014 – 18 August 2017 | ||||
| Election | 2014 New Zealand general election | ||||
| Government | Fifth National Government | ||||
| House of Representatives | |||||
 | |||||
| Members | 121 | ||||
| Speaker of the House | David Carter | ||||
| Leader of the House | Simon Bridges — Gerry Brownlee until 2 May 2017 | ||||
| Prime Minister | Bill English — John Key until 12 December 2016 | ||||
| Leader of the Opposition | Jacinda Ardern — Andrew Little until 1 August 2017 | ||||
| Sovereign | |||||
| Monarch | Elizabeth II | ||||
| Governor-General | Patsy Reddy from 28 September 2016 — Jerry Mateparae until 31 August 2016 | ||||
The Parliament was elected using a mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) voting system. Members of Parliament (MPs) represent 71 geographical electorates: 16 in the South Island, 48 in the North Island and 7 Māori electorates. The remaining members were elected from party lists using the Sainte-Laguë method to realise proportionality. The number of geographical electorates was increased from 70 at the previous election, to account for New Zealand's increasing population.[1]
Electorate boundaries for 51st Parliament
Electoral boundaries with results
The Representation Commission is tasked with reviewing electorate boundaries every five years following each New Zealand census.[2] The last review was undertaken in 2007 following the 2006 census, and the electorate boundaries determined then were used in both the 2008 and 2011 general elections.[3]
The next census was scheduled for 8 March 2011, but it was postponed due to the disruption caused by the 2011 Christchurch earthquake on 22 February .[4] The census was formally conducted on 5 March 2013 with additional data collection over the following several weeks,[5] Following the census it was determined there would be sufficient time to conduct a boundary review of all electorates.
The boundaries were redrawn based on population distribution and the Māori electoral option, where people of Māori descent can opt to be either on the general or the Māori roll.[6] By law, the South Island must have 16 general electorates, with the number of North Island general and Māori electorates being the respective population in each group divided by one-sixteenth of the South Island general electorate population, within a tolerance of five percent. At the 2011 election, there were 47 North Island general electorates and seven Māori electorates, totalling 70 electorates across the country.[1]
Following significant consultation final boundaries were released by the Representation Commission on 17 April 2014. The 2014 general election was conducted under these boundaries on 20 September 2014. The increase in population in the Auckland region as recorded in the 2013 census meant an extra electorate was required to keep all electorates within five percent of their quota. To accommodate an extra electorate the Electoral Commission proposed major changes in West Auckland by abolishing the Waitakere electorate and establishing two new electorates, namely Kelston and Upper Harbour. Boundaries within Christchurch changed substantially, with several electorates growing and decreasing due to population movement around the city since the 2010–11 Christchurch earthquakes. In particular a dramatic change was seen in the electorates of Christchurch East, Christchurch Central and Port Hills with lesser changes in Selwyn, Wigram and Waimakariri.[7]
2014 general election
Officeholders
Speakers
- Speaker of the House of Representatives: Rt. Hon. David Carter
- Deputy Speaker: Hon. Chester Borrows
- Assistant Speaker: Lindsay Tisch
- Assistant Speaker: Hon. Trevor Mallard
Other parliamentary officers
- Clerk:
- David Wilson (from 6 July 2015)
- Mary Winifred Harris (until 5 July 2015)
- Serjeant-at-Arms:
Party leaders
- Prime Minister of New Zealand (National):
- Rt. Hon. John Key (until 12 December 2016)
- Rt. Hon. Bill English (from 12 December 2016)
- Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand (National):
- Hon. Bill English (until 12 December 2016)
- Hon. Paula Bennett (from 12 December 2016)
- Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand (National):
- Leader of the Opposition (Labour):
- Andrew Little (18 November 2014 - 1 August 2017)
- Jacinda Ardern (from 1 August 2017)
- Deputy Leader of the Opposition (Labour):
- Hon. Annette King (18 November 2014 - 7 March 2017)
- Jacinda Ardern (7 March - 1 August 2017)
- Kelvin Davis (from 1 August 2017)
- Deputy Leader of the Opposition (Labour):
- Co-leaders of the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand:
- Male Co-leader:
- Russel Norman (until 30 May 2015)
- James Shaw (from 30 May 2015)
- Female Co-leader:
- Metiria Turei (until 9 August 2017)
- Vacant (from 9 August 2017)
- Male Co-leader:
- Leader of New Zealand First: Rt. Hon. Winston Peters
- Deputy Leader of New Zealand First:
- Tracey Martin (until 2 July 2015)
- Ron Mark (from 3 July 2015)
- Deputy Leader of New Zealand First:
- Co-leaders of the Māori Party:
- Male co-leader of the Party: Hon. Te Ururoa Flavell
- Female co-leader of the Party: Marama Fox
- Leader of ACT New Zealand: David Seymour
- Leader of United Future:
- Hon. Peter Dunne (until 23 August 2017)
- Damian Light (from 23 August 2017, acting outside the House)
Floor leaders
- Leader of the House (National):
- Hon. Gerry Brownlee (until 2 May 2017)
- Hon. Simon Bridges (from 2 May 2017)
- Shadow Leader of the House (Labour): Chris Hipkins
Whips
- Senior Government (National) Whip:
- Jami-Lee Ross (from 2 May 2017)
- Tim Macindoe (until 2 May 2017)
- Junior Government Whip:
- Barbara Kuriger (from 2 May 2017)
- Jami-Lee Ross (until 2 May 2017)
- Third Government Whip:
- Matt Doocey (from 2 May 2017)
- Barbara Kuriger (7 February - 2 May 2017)
- Jo Hayes (until 7 February 2017)
- Junior Government Whip:
- Senior Opposition (Labour) Whip:
- Kris Faafoi (from 15 December 2016)
- Chris Hipkins (until 15 December 2016)
- Junior Opposition Whip: Carmel Sepuloni
- Assistant Opposition Whip: Kris Faafoi (30 November 2015 - 15 December 2016)
- Green Party Whip (Musterer): David Clendon (until 8 August 2017)
- New Zealand First Whip: Barbara Stewart
- Associate Whip: Clayton Mitchell (from 3 July 2015)
Members
The tables below show the members of the 51st Parliament based on preliminary counts of the 2014 general election.[10]
Overview
The table below shows the number of MPs in each party following the 2014 election and at dissolution:
| Affiliation | Members[11] | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| At 2014 election | At dissolution | ||
| National | 60 | 59 | |
| Māori Party CS | 2 | 2 | |
| ACT CS | 1 | 1 | |
| United Future CS | 1 | 1 | |
| Government total | 64 | 63 | |
| Labour | 32 | 32 | |
| Green | 14 | 14 | |
| NZ First | 11 | 12 | |
| Opposition total | 57 | 58 | |
| Total |
121 | 121 | |
| Working Government majority | 7 | 5 | |
Notes
- ^CS The Māori Party, United Future and ACT once again entered into confidence and supply agreements to form a majority, as they did in the previous two parliaments.
- The Working Government majority is calculated as all Government MPs less all other parties.
New Zealand National Party (60)
The National Party won 47.04% of the vote, entitling it to 60 seats. As it won 41 electorates, an additional 19 members were taken from the party list. After the resignation of Northland MP Mike Sabin a by-election was held and lost to New Zealand First. The party's share of seats was reduced to 59.
15 new National Party members were elected, nine from electorates and six from the list. 45 members from the 50th Parliament were returned.
| Name | Electorate (list if blank) | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Carter | 1994– |
| ||
| Chester Borrows | Whanganui | 2005– |
| |
| Lindsay Tisch | Waikato | 1999– |
| |
| Ministers in Cabinet[12] | ||||
| Bill English | 1990– |
| ||
| Paula Bennett | Upper Harbour | 2005– |
| |
| Steven Joyce | 2008– |
| ||
| Gerry Brownlee | Ilam | 1996– |
| |
| Simon Bridges | Tauranga | 2008– |
| |
| Amy Adams | Selwyn | 2008– |
| |
| Jonathan Coleman | Northcote | 2005– |
| |
| Christopher Finlayson | 2005– |
| ||
| Michael Woodhouse | 2008– |
| ||
| Anne Tolley | East Coast | 1999–2002; 2005– |
| |
| Hekia Parata | 2008– | |||
| Nathan Guy | Ōtaki | 2005– |
| |
| Murray McCully | East Coast Bays | 1987– | ||
| Nikki Kaye | Auckland Central | 2008– |
| |
| Nick Smith | Nelson | 1990– |
| |
| Judith Collins | Papakura | 2002– |
| |
| Todd McClay | Rotorua | 2008– |
| |
| Maggie Barry | North Shore | 2011– |
| |
| Paul Goldsmith | 2011– |
| ||
| Louise Upston | Taupō | 2008– |
| |
| Alfred Ngaro | 2011– |
| ||
| Ministers outside Cabinet[12] | ||||
| Nicky Wagner | Christchurch Central | 2005– |
| |
| Mark Mitchell | Rodney | 2011– |
| |
| Jacqui Dean | Waitaki | 2005– |
| |
| David Bennett | Hamilton East | 2005– |
| |
| Members of Parliament | ||||
| Alastair Scott | Wairarapa | 2014– |
| |
| Andrew Bayly | Hunua | 2014– |
| |
| Barbara Kuriger | Taranaki-King Country | 2014– |
| |
| Brett Hudson | 2014– |
| ||
| Chris Bishop | 2014– |
| ||
| Craig Foss | Tukituki | 2005– |
| |
| Ian McKelvie | Rangitīkei | 2011– |
| |
| Jami-Lee Ross | Botany | 2011– |
| |
| Jian Yang | 2011– |
| ||
| Jo Goodhew | Rangitata | 2005– | ||
| Jo Hayes | 2014– |
| ||
| Jonathan Young | New Plymouth | 2008– |
| |
| Jono Naylor | 2014– |
| ||
| Kanwaljit Singh Bakshi | 2008– |
| ||
| Matt Doocey | Waimakariri | 2014– |
| |
| Maureen Pugh | 2015– |
| ||
| Maurice Williamson | Pakuranga | 1987– | ||
| Melissa Lee | 2008– |
| ||
| Tutehounuku Korako | 2014– |
| ||
| Parmjeet Parmar | 2014– |
| ||
| Paul Foster-Bell | 2013– |
| ||
| Peseta Sam Lotu-Iiga | Maungakiekie | 2008– | ||
| Sarah Dowie | Invercargill | 2014– |
| |
| Scott Simpson | Coromandel | 2011– |
| |
| Shane Reti | Whangarei | 2014– |
| |
| Simon O'Connor | Tāmaki | 2011– |
| |
| Stuart Smith | Kaikōura | 2014– |
| |
| Tim Macindoe | Hamilton West | 2008– |
| |
| Todd Barclay | Clutha-Southland | 2014– |
| |
| Todd Muller | Bay of Plenty | 2014– |
| |
| Members of the National caucus who resigned, retired or died during the term of the 51st Parliament | ||||
| Mike Sabin | Northland | 2011–2015 | Resigned January 2015 | |
| Tim Groser | 2005–2015 |
Resigned December 2015 | ||
| John Key | Helensville | 2002–2017 |
Resigned April 2017 | |
New Zealand Labour Party (32)
The Labour Party won 25.13% of the vote, entitling it to 32 seats. As it won 27 electorates, an additional 5 members were taken from the party list. After the resignation of David Shearer in December 2016, the party's share of seats was reduced to 31 until Raymond Huo was sworn in in March 2017.
Three new Labour Party members were elected from the list. 29 members from the 50th Parliament were returned.
| Name | Electorate (list if blank) | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trevor Mallard | Hutt South | 1984–1990; 1993– |
| |
| Shadow Cabinet[13] | ||||
| Andrew Little | 2011– |
| ||
| Jacinda Ardern | Mount Albert | 2008– |
| |
| Grant Robertson | Wellington Central | 2008– |
| |
| Phil Twyford | Te Atatū | 2008– |
| |
| Megan Woods | Wigram | 2011– |
| |
| Chris Hipkins | Rimutaka | 2008– |
| |
| Kelvin Davis | Te Tai Tokerau | 2008–2011; 2014– |
| |
| Carmel Sepuloni | Kelston | 2008–2011; 2014– |
| |
| David Clark | Dunedin North | 2011– |
| |
| David Parker | 2002– |
| ||
| Nanaia Mahuta | Hauraki-Waikato | 1996– |
| |
| Stuart Nash | Napier | 2008–2011; 2014– |
| |
| Members of Parliament | ||||
| Meka Whaitiri | Ikaroa-Rāwhiti | 2013– |
| |
| Iain Lees-Galloway | Palmerston North | 2008– |
| |
| Su’a William Sio | Mangere | 2008– |
| |
| Sue Moroney | 2005– |
| ||
| Damien O'Connor | West Coast-Tasman | 1993–2008; 2009– |
| |
| Kris Faafoi | Mana | 2010– |
| |
| Jenny Salesa | Manukau East | 2014– |
| |
| Peeni Henare | Tāmaki Makaurau | 2014– |
| |
| Clare Curran | Dunedin South | 2008– |
| |
| Adrian Paki Rurawhe | Te Tai Hauāuru | 2014– |
| |
| Annette King | Rongotai | 1984–1990; 1993– |
| |
| Ruth Dyson | Port Hills | 1993– |
| |
| Rino Tirikatene | Te Tai Tonga | 2011– |
| |
| Poto Williams | Christchurch East | 2013- |
| |
| Louisa Wall | Manurewa | 2008; 2011– |
| |
| Clayton Cosgrove | 1999– |
| ||
| Michael Wood | Mount Roskill | 2016– |
| |
| Raymond Huo | 2008–2014; 2017– |
| ||
| members of the Labour caucus who resigned during the term of the 51st Parliament | ||||
| Phil Goff | Mount Roskill | 1981–1990; 1993–2016 |
| |
| David Shearer | Mount Albert | 2009–2016 |
| |
| David Cunliffe | New Lynn | 1999–2017 |
| |
Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand (14)
The Green Party won 10.7% of the vote, entitling it to 14 seats. As it did not win any electorate, all members were taken from the party list.
One new Green Party members were elected, with thirteen members from the 50th Parliament returning.
| Name | Electorate (list if blank) | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| James Shaw | 2014– |
| ||
| Metiria Turei | 2002– |
| ||
| Catherine Delahunty | 2008– |
| ||
| David Clendon | 2009– |
| ||
| Denise Roche | 2011– |
| ||
| Eugenie Sage | 2011– |
| ||
| Gareth Hughes | 2010– |
| ||
| Jan Logie | 2011– |
| ||
| Julie Anne Genter | 2011– |
| ||
| Kennedy Graham | 2008– |
| ||
| Mojo Mathers | 2011– |
| ||
| Steffan Browning | 2011– |
| ||
| Marama Davidson | 2015– | Entered Parliament November 2015 | ||
| Barry Coates | 2016- | Entered Parliament October 2016 | ||
| Members of the Greens caucus who resigned during the term of the 50th Parliament | ||||
| Russel Norman | 2008–2015 | Resigned October 2015 | ||
| Kevin Hague | 2008–2016 | Resigned October 2016 | ||
New Zealand First (11)
New Zealand First won 8.66% of the vote, entitling it to eleven seats from the party list. An additional seat was gained for the party when Winston Peters won the Northland by-election.
| Name | Electorate (list if blank) | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Winston Peters | Northland | 1978–1981; 1984–2008; 2011– |
| |
| Ron Mark | 1996–2008; 2014– |
| ||
| Barbara Stewart | 2002–2008; 2011– |
| ||
| Clayton Mitchell | 2014– |
| ||
| Darroch Ball | 2014– |
| ||
| Denis O'Rourke | 2011– |
| ||
| Fletcher Tabuteau | 2014– |
| ||
| Mahesh Bindra | 2014– |
| ||
| Tracey Martin | 2011– |
| ||
| Pita Paraone | 2002–2008; 2014– |
| ||
| Richard Prosser | 2011– |
| ||
| Ria Bond | 2015– |
Entered Parliament April 2015 |
Māori Party (2)
The Māori Party won 1.32% of the vote, which is short of the 5% threshold. However, the Māori Party won an electorate and will thus be represented by one electorate MP. The 1.32% party vote share entitles the party to two seats, including an MP from the party list.
| Name | Electorate (list if blank) | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marama Fox | 2014– |
| ||
| Te Ururoa Flavell | Waiariki | 2005– |
|
United Future (1)
United Future won 0.22% of the vote, which is short of the 5% threshold. United Future won one electorate and will thus be represented by one electorate MP. Because the 0.22% party vote share would not entitle United Future to any seats, the size of the 51st Parliament was increased to 121 seats.
| Name | Electorate (list if blank) | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peter Dunne | Ōhariu | 1984– |
|
ACT New Zealand (1)
ACT New Zealand won 0.69% of the vote, which is short of the 5% threshold. ACT won one electorate and was thus represented by one electorate MP. The 0.69% party vote share entitled the party to one seat.
| Name | Electorate (list if blank) | Term in office | Portfolios & Responsibilities | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| David Seymour | Epsom | 2014– |
|
Demographics of elected MPs
| Attribute | Number | Change |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Male | 83 |  1 |
| Female | 38 |  1 |
| Ethnicity | ||
| European & other | 83 | 5 |
| Māori | 25 | 3 |
| Pacific | 8 | 2 |
| Asian | 5 |  0 |
| Date of birth/Generation | ||
| 1945 or earlier ("Silent Generation") | 2 | |
| 1946 to 1965 ("Baby Boomer") | 65 | |
| 1966 to 1985 ("Generation X") | 53 | |
| 1986 or later ("Millennial") | 1 | 1 |
Summary of changes during term
The following changes occurred in the 51st Parliament:
| # | Electorate | Incumbent | Winner | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Name | Date vacated | Reason | Party | Name | Date elected | Change | ||||
| 1. | Northland | National | Mike Sabin | 30 January 2015 | Personal reasons following reports he was suspect of Police investigation. | NZ First | Winston Peters | 28 March 2015 | New Zealand First gain National loss | ||
| 2. | List 1 | NZ First | Winston Peters | 23 April 2015 | Elected to electorate seat. | NZ First | Ria Bond | 24 April 2015 | List | ||
| 3. | List | Green | Russel Norman | 30 October 2015 | Resigned to take up position as Chief Executive of Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand.[15] | Green | Marama Davidson | 2 November 2015 | List | ||
| 4. | List | National | Tim Groser | 19 December 2015 | Resigned to become NZ Ambassador to the United States.[16] | National | Maureen Pugh | 21 December 2015 | List | ||
| 5. | List | Green | Kevin Hague | 6 October 2016 | Resigned to become Chief Executive of the Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society of New Zealand | Green | Barry Coates | 7 October 2016 | List | ||
| 6. | Mount Roskill | Labour | Phil Goff | 12 October 2016 | Resigned following election as Mayor of Auckland. | Labour | Michael Wood | 3 December 2016 | Labour hold | ||
| 7. | Mount Albert | Labour | David Shearer | 31 December 2016 | Resigned to take up a role with the United Nations. | Labour | Jacinda Ardern | 25 February 2017 | Labour hold | ||
| 8. | List 1 | Labour | Jacinda Ardern | 25 February 2017 | Elected to electorate seat | Labour | Raymond Huo[17] | 15 March 2017 | List | ||
| 9. | Helensville | National | John Key | 14 April 2017 | Resigned | None2 | |||||
| 10. | New Lynn | Labour | David Cunliffe | 23 April 2017 | Resigned | None2 | |||||
^1 These changes occurred as a result of the elevation of Winston Peters and Jacinda Ardern from their respective party lists to being elected to an electorate seat.
^2 The resignations of John Key and David Cunliffe took place less than six months before the next general election and therefore by-elections to fill the vacancies were not required.
Seating plan
Start of term
The chamber is in a horseshoe-shape.[18]
End of term
The chamber is in a horseshoe-shape.[19]
References
- "Reviewing electorate numbers and boundaries". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 9 November 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
- "What is the Representation Commission?". Chief Electoral Office. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- "Reviewing electorates – frequently asked questions". Chief Electoral Office. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- "Christchurch quake: More liquefaction than Sept". 3 News. 25 February 2011. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- Bascand, Geoff. "2013 Census announcement – Media Release". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- "Next census to be held in 2013". The National Business Review. 27 May 2011. Archived from the original on 30 May 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
- "Final electorate boundaries". Electoral Commission of New Zealand. 17 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2014.
- "Medieval role still relevant today at Parliament". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- "Retirements — Serjeant-at-Arms—Brent Smith". New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- "Provisional List of Successful Candidates -- 2014 General Election - Preliminary Results". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
- "New Zealand General Election 2014 Official Results". Archived from the original on 13 June 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
- "MINISTERIAL LIST". Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- "Labour MPs Spokesperson roles and ranking" (PDF). New Zealand Labour Party. 19 December 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 January 2012. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
- Wilson, John (25 February 2015). "The 2014 New Zealand General Election: Final Results and Voting Statistics". Parliamentary Library. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
- Jones, Nicholas (11 September 2015). "Russel Norman quits Greens and Parliament to head Greenpeace NZ". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
- Small, Vernon (7 December 2015). "Groser makes way for Collins' return". The Press. p. A1. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
- "Labour's Raymond Huo set to return to Parliament after Maryan Street steps aside". The New Zealand Herald. 21 February 2017. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
- "Debating Chamber – New Zealand Parliament". www.parliament.nz. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
- "Debating Chamber – New Zealand Parliament" (PDF). www.parliament.nz. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
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