89th United States Congress

The 89th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1965, to January 3, 1967, during the second and third years of Lyndon B. Johnson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1960 United States census.

89th United States Congress
88th ←
→ 90th
United States Capitol (1962)
January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967
Members100 senators
435 representatives
Senate majorityDemocratic
Senate PresidentVacant
(until January 20, 1965)
Hubert Humphrey (D)
(from January 20, 1965)
House majorityDemocratic
House SpeakerJohn W. McCormack (D)
Sessions
1st: January 4, 1965 – October 23, 1965
2nd: January 10, 1966 – October 22, 1966

Both chambers had a Democratic supermajority, and with the election of President Lyndon B. Johnson to his own term in office, maintaining an overall federal government trifecta. This is the last time Democrats or any party had a 2/3rd supermajority in the Senate.

The 89th Congress is regarded as "arguably the most productive in American history".[1] Some of its landmark legislation includes Social Security Amendments of 1965 (the creation of Medicare and Medicaid), the Voting Rights Act, Higher Education Act, Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, Elementary and Secondary Education Act and the Freedom of Information Act.

Major events
Main articles: 1965 in the United States, 1966 in the United States, and 1967 in the United States

Major legislation
October 3, 1965: President Johnson visited the Statue of Liberty to sign the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965.
The first page of the Voting Rights Act.
Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 89th United States Congress

Constitutional amendments
See also: List of amendments to the United States Constitution

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)		 Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 66 34 100 0
Begin 68 32 100 0
End 66 33 991
Final voting share 66.7% 33.3%
Beginning of next congress 64 35 99 1

House of Representatives
House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% Democratic
  80+% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican
Party
(shading shows control)		 Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)		 Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 253 177 430 5
Begin 295 140 435 0
End 288 137 42510
Final voting share 67.8% 32.2%
Beginning of next congress 248 187 435 0

Leadership
House Republicans showing their approval for newly elected House Minority Leader Representative Gerald R. Ford as Senate Minority Leader Everett M. Dirksen raises his hand.

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Caucuses

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1970; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1966; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1968.

House of Representatives

Names of members are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

Senate
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
Senate changes
State
(class)		 Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
South Carolina
(3)		 Olin D. Johnston (D) Died April 18, 1965.
Successor appointed April 22, 1965 to continue the term.		 Donald S. Russell (D) April 22, 1965
Virginia
(1)		 Harry F. Byrd (D) Resigned November 10, 1965.
Successor appointed November 12, 1965 to continue his father's term.		 Harry F. Byrd Jr. (D) November 12, 1965
Michigan
(2)		 Patrick V. McNamara (D) Died April 30, 1966.
Successor appointed May 11, 1966 to finish the term.		 Robert P. Griffin (R) May 11, 1966
South Carolina
(3)		 Donald S. Russell (D) Interim appointee lost nomination to finish the term.
Successor elected November 8, 1966.		 Fritz Hollings (D) November 9, 1966
Virginia
(2)		 Absalom Willis Robertson (D) Resigned December 30, 1966, having lost renomination.
Successor appointed to finish the term, having already been elected to the next term.		 William B. Spong Jr. (D) December 31, 1966
Tennessee
(2)		 Ross Bass (D) Resigned January 2, 1967, having lost renomination.
Seat remained vacant until the end of the term (the next day).		 Vacant Not filled this term

House of Representatives
  • Replacements: 9
  • Deaths: 5
  • Resignations: 15
  • Total seats with changes: 20
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
House changes
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 1]
South Carolina 2nd Albert Watson (D) Resigned February 1, 1965, after being stripped of seniority by the House Democratic Caucus for supporting Republican Presidential candidate Barry Goldwater. Was re-elected as a Republican in a special election to replace himself. Albert Watson (R) June 15, 1965
Louisiana 7th T. Ashton Thompson (D) Died July 1, 1965 Edwin Edwards (D) October 2, 1965
Ohio 7th Clarence J. Brown (R) Died August 23, 1965 Bud Brown (R) November 2, 1965
California 26th James Roosevelt (D) Resigned September 30, 1965, to become the US Representative to the United Nations Economic and Social Council Thomas M. Rees (D) December 15, 1965
North Carolina 1st Herbert Covington Bonner (D) Died November 7, 1965 Walter B. Jones Sr. (D) February 5, 1966
New York 17th John Lindsay (R) Resigned December 31, 1965, after being elected Mayor of New York City Theodore R. Kupferman (R) February 8, 1966
Arkansas 4th Oren Harris (D) Resigned February 3, 1966, to become judge of the US Court of the Eastern and Western Districts of Arkansas David Pryor (D) November 8, 1966
Texas 8th Albert Thomas (D) Died February 15, 1966 Lera Millard Thomas (D) March 26, 1966
California 14th John F. Baldwin Jr. (R) Died March 9, 1966 Jerome Waldie (D) June 7, 1966
Michigan 9th Robert P. Griffin (R) Resigned May 10, 1966, after being appointed to the U.S. Senate Guy Vander Jagt (R) November 8, 1966
Alaska at-large Ralph Julian Rivers (D) Resigned December 30, 1966 Vacant Not filled this term
Indiana 8th Winfield K. Denton (D) Resigned December 30, 1966
Indiana 10th Ralph Harvey (R) Resigned December 30, 1966
New York 29th Leo W. O'Brien (D) Resigned December 30, 1966
North Carolina 4th Harold D. Cooley (D) Resigned December 30, 1966
Ohio 15th Robert T. Secrest (D) Resigned December 30, 1966
Pennsylvania 9th Paul B. Dague (R) Resigned December 30, 1966
Pennsylvania 16th John C. Kunkel (R) Resigned December 30, 1966
Tennessee 7th Tom J. Murray (D) Resigned December 30, 1966
Texas 9th Clark W. Thompson (D) Resigned December 30, 1966

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

Footnotes
  1. Karen Tumulty (April 9, 2014). "LBJ's presidency gets another look as civil rights law marks its 50th anniversary". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

See also

Notes
  1. When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References
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