Ainharp

Ainharp (Basque: Ainharbe)[3] is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwestern France.

Ainharp
Ainharbe
Commune
The road into Ainharp
The road into Ainharp
Location of Ainharp
Ainharp is located in France
Ainharp
Ainharp
Ainharp is located in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Ainharp
Ainharp
Coordinates: 43°15′41″N 0°55′45″W
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
DepartmentPyrénées-Atlantiques
ArrondissementOloron-Sainte-Marie
CantonMontagne Basque
IntercommunalityPays Basque
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Jean-Pierre Arhanchiague[1]
Area
1
14.07 km2 (5.43 sq mi)
Population
 (Jan. 2020)[2]
133
 • Density9.5/km2 (24/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
64012 /64130
Elevation129–426 m (423–1,398 ft)
(avg. 199 m or 653 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Ainharbars.[4] or Ainharbear.[5][6]

Geography
The Fronton at Ainharp

Location

Ainharp is located some 50 km west by southwest of Pau, 15 km southeast of Saint-Palais, and 10 km north-west of Mauleon-Licharre. It is part of the former province of Soule.

Access

The commune can be accessed by road D242 from Lohitzun-Oyhercq in the west passing through the village and continuing southeast to Mauleon-Licharre. The D344 road also goes to the north from the village through the commune then east to Espes-Undurein. The commune terrain is undulating of mixed farmland and forest.[7]

Hydrography

Located in the drainage basin of the Adour, the commune is the source of numerous streams including the Lagardoye which forms part of the south-eastern border, the Quihilleri which forms much of the western border, and the Lafaure which forms much of the northern border.[7]

Localities and hamlets
  • Agueberria
  • Agueberriborda
  • Aisaguerpia
  • Aranco
  • Armagnague
  • Arranchiaga
  • Barrechia
  • Bente
  • Bidartia
  • Bidegainia
  • Bolondo
  • Bordagaya
  • Bordalecu
  • Cabanna
  • Cacoa
  • Carricaburu[8]
  • Carricabuya
  • Carricart
  • Chorho
  • Elhorria
  • Elhorriberry
  • Erreguenia
  • Estecachoury
  • Etchebarnia
  • Etchebestemborda
  • Etchecopar
  • Garay
  • Habiague
  • Intsauspia
  • Jaigüberria
  • Larria
  • Leiciagueçahar
  • Lohitzun
  • Mercapidia
  • Oyhemburia
  • Oyhenart
  • Palasiona
  • Pekeix
  • Sallaberria
  • Urruty
  • Uthuriet

[9]

Toponymy

The commune name in Basque is Ainharbe.[3][6]

Ainharp Town Square

Jean-Baptiste Orpustan proposed two etymological interpretations:

  • a meaning of "low heather" from ilharr meaning "heather" and -be (from behere meaning "low") or
  • "height of the low rocks" from gain meaning "high" and har meaning "rock" that indicates the high position of the village on the left bank of the Saison.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

NameSpellingDateSourcePageOriginDescription
AinharpAyharp1472Raymond
4
NotariesVillage
Ainharp1479Orpustan
224
L'Espitau d'Anharp1479Raymond
4
Ohix
Aynharp1479Raymond
4
Ohix
Aignharp1608Raymond
4
Insinuations
Ayharp1690Orpustan
224
CarricaburuCarricaburue1479Raymond
42
Farm
HabiagueHabiague1476Raymond
74
OhixFarm
LafaureLa Phaura1538Raymond
135
ReformationStream on the northern border
La Phaure1863Raymond
135
Lambarelo bedat de Lambarre1476Raymond
91
OhixHamlet and Wood
Chemin Mercadieulo cami Mercadieu1479Raymond
112
OhixFarm
le cami deu Mercat1479Raymond
112

Sources:

Origins:

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 4 of his 1863 dictionary that the commune was a former priory in the diocese of Oloron and that there was a hospital for pilgrims.[8]

Administration

List of Successive Mayors of Ainharp[15]

Mayors from the French Revolution to 1929
FromToName
17941807Bernard Aguerreberry
18071820Armand Oyhenburu
18201848Jean Etchart
18481852Martin Salamendy
18521854Jean Etchart
18541855Alexandre Bente
18551858Pierre Mercabide
18581871Bernard Etchart
18711874Echeberry
18741880Marc Iratchet
18801884Marc Barneche
18841885Joseph Armagnague
18851888Roch Guiresse
18881892Marc Barneche
18921908St. Jean Etchart
19081929Francois Barneche
The Town Hall
Mayors from 1929
FromToName
19291950Jean Guiresse
19501959François Elissiry
19591971Jean-Pierre Aguer
19711983Jean Lascaray
19832026Jean-Pierre Arhanchiague

Inter-communality

Ainharp is a member of seven intercommunal structures:

  • the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays Basque
  • the association to support Basque culture
  • the intercommunal association of the Valley
  • the intercommunal association for the construction and operation of the CES of Mauleon
  • the AEP association for Soule Country
  • the remediation association for Soule Country
  • the energy association of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Population
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1968 194—    
1975 186−0.60%
1982 181−0.39%
1990 161−1.45%
1999 142−1.39%
2007 151+0.77%
2012 143−1.08%
2017 141−0.28%
Source: INSEE[16]

Economy

The activity is mainly agricultural (maize and livestock). The town is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and heritage

Religious Heritage
Ainharp Church
Old Hilarri in the churchyard

The commune has a church which dates back to the 11th century and a Calvary-Bell Tower from the 17th century. Its cemetery features Hilarri dating from the time of the bell tower.

The village is located on a secondary road of the pilgrimage to Saint Jacques de Compostela[17] which passes on the highway to Ports de Cize, the priory of Saint-Palais to Saint-Michel-le-Vieux which had a hospice for pilgrims called Benta then to L'Hôpital-Saint-Blaise, Osserain, Pagolle, Roquiague, Haux, Larrau, and Ordiarp.

Facilities

The commune has a primary school.

See also

References
  1. "Répertoire national des élus: les maires". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 2 December 2020.
  2. "Populations légales 2020". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2022.
  3. AINHARBE, Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish)
  4. Inhabitants of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  5. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (in French)
  6. Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (in Basque)
  7. Google Maps
  8. Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  9. Géoportail, IGN (in French)
  10. Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, p. 224, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (in French)
  11. Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  12. Manuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  13. Manuscripts from the 17th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  14. Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  15. List of Mayors of France
  16. Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  17. Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, page 110, Arthaud, 20 December 1975 ISBN 978-2-7003-0038-3 (in French)
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