Ipswich (UK Parliament constituency)

Ipswich
Ipswich
Borough constituency; for the House of Commons
	Boundary of Ipswich in Suffolk
	Location of Suffolk within England
County	Suffolk
Electorate	75,195 (December 2010)[1]
Major settlements	Ipswich
Current constituency
Created	1295
Member of Parliament	Tom Hunt (Conservative)
Seats	One

Ipswich /ˈɪpswɪtʃ/ ^ⓘ is a constituency[n 1] represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since December 2019 by Tom Hunt of the Conservative Party.[n 2]

History

The constituency was created as Parliamentary Borough in the fourteenth century, returning two MPs to the House of Commons of England until 1707, then to the House of Commons of Great Britain until 1800, and from 1800 to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The constituency's parliamentary representation was reduced to a single seat with one MP under the Representation of the People Act 1918. Prior to the 1983 general election, when north-western areas were transferred to the Central Suffolk constituency, the Parliamentary and Municipal/County Boroughs were the same

Before the Reform Act 1832, the franchise in Ipswich was in the hands of the Ipswich Corporation and the Freemen. Ipswich was seen as a partisan seat with active Blue (Tory inclined) and Yellow (Whig inclined) factions dominating elections for both Parliament and the Corporation and comparatively rare split tickets of one Whig and one Tory being returned to Parliament, although the identification of the local parties with national parties could at times be very blurred.[2] In the mid eighteenth century the constituency had an electorate of around 700, which was a middle sized borough by the standards of the time - and a reputation of a borough that was likely to offer stiff opposition to government favoured candidates.[3]

Ipswich is a marginal seat, having changed hands ten times since its creation as a single-member constituency in 1918. It has generally been favourable to candidates from the Labour Party, being won by Labour at every postwar general election since the end of World War II; except 1970, February 1974, 1987, 2010, 2015 and 2019. Despite this, it was traditionally won by the party by fairly small margins; however, from 1997 until being gained by the Conservative Party in 2010, Labour won the contests with safer margins, and after the Conservatives increased their majority in 2015, Labour regained the seat in 2017 only to lose it again in 2019 when the Conservative candidate got more than half the votes cast when there were more than two candidates for the first time since 1918.

Ipswich was the only seat won by a Labour candidate at the 2017 general election from a total of seven seats in Suffolk, the others being retained by Conservatives and more rural in comparison to Ipswich. Martin's 2017 election victory was one of thirty net gains made by the Labour Party.

Constituency profile

The constituency includes Ipswich town centre and docks, with its mix of historic buildings and modern developments. Ipswich is a bustling town that serves as a centre for the rest of Suffolk which is predominantly rural and remote, and has the only serious concentration of Labour voters in the county, other than in Lowestoft.

Portman Road Football Ground to the West of the centre, and the new university to the East are both in the seat, as is the vast Chantry council estate to the South.

Ipswich's Conservative-leaning suburbs, such as Castle Hill, Westerfield and Kesgrave, extend beyond the constituency's boundaries – the northernmost wards are in the Suffolk Central constituency, and several strong Conservative areas are just outside the borough's tightly drawn limits, making Ipswich a target seat for Labour.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1918–1983

The County Borough of Ipswich.[4]

1983–2010

The Borough of Ipswich wards of Bixley, Bridge, Chantry, Gainsborough, Priory Heath, Rushmere, St Clement's, St John's, St Margaret's, Sprites, Stoke Park, and Town.[5][6]

The Broomhill, Castle Hill, White House and Whitton wards were transferred to the new county constituency of Central Suffolk (Central Suffolk and North Ipswich from 1997).

2010–present

The Borough of Ipswich wards of Alexandra, Bixley, Bridge, Gainsborough, Gipping, Holywells, Priory Heath, Rushmere, St John's, St Margaret's, Sprites, Stoke Park, and Westgate.[7]

Following a revision of the Borough of Ipswich wards, the constituency gained a small area from Central Suffolk and North Ipswich.

The present-day constituency consists of most of the Borough of Ipswich, with the exception of the Castle Hill, Whitehouse and Whitton wards.

Members of Parliament

Freemen belonging to the Ipswich Corporation were entitled to elect two burgesses to the Parliament of England from the fourteenth century which continued uninterrupted after the parliament united with Scotland and Ireland, only becoming a single member constituency in 1918.

MPs 1386–1660

Parliament	First member	Second member
1380	William Master	?
1385	William Master	?
1386	Geoffrey Starling	Robert Waleys[8]
1388 (Feb)	Geoffrey Starling	Robert Waleys[8]
1388 (Sep)	John Arnold	Robert Waleys[8]
1390 (Jan)	Geoffrey Starling	Robert Hethe[8]
1390 (Nov)
1391	Geoffrey Starling	Robert Andrew[8]
1393	?Geoffrey Starling	?Robert Andrew[8]
1394	John Arnold	Henry Wall[8]
1395	Geoffrey Starling	William Master[8]
1397 (Jan)	John Arnold	John Bernard[8]
1397 (Sep)	William Debenham	John Bernard[8]
1399	John Arnold	John Lewe[8]
1401
1402	Richard Church	John Starling[8]
1404 (Jan)
1404 (Oct)
1406	Robert Lucas	John Starling[8]
1407	John Felbrigg	John Bernard[8]
1410	John Rous	James Andrew[8]
1411	John Bernard	John Starling[8]
1413 (Feb)
1413 (May)	James Andrew	John Starling[8]
1414 (Apr)
1414 (Nov)	William Debenham I	John Rous[8]
1415
1416 (Mar)
1416 (Oct)
1417	William Debenham II	James Andrew[8]
1419	William Debenham II	James Andrew[8]
1420	John Knepping	John Wood[8]
1421 (May)	William Debenham II	James Andrew[8]
1421 (Dec)	Thomas Kempstone II	William Weatherfeld[8]
1455	Sir Gilbert Debenham
1510	Thomas Hall	William Spencer[9]
1512	Thomas Baldry	Edmund Daundy[9]
1515	Thomas Baldry	Edmund Daundy[9]
1523	Humphrey Wingfield	Thomas Rush[9]
1529	Thomas Rush	Thomas Hayward, died and replaced Nov 1534 by Thomas Alvard (1493-1535)[9]
1536	?
1539	Robert Daundy	William Sabine[9]
1542	Ralph Goodwin	John Sparrow[9]
1545	William Reynball	Richard Smart[9]
1547	John Gosnold	John Smith alias Dyer[9]
1553 (Mar)	John Smith alias Dyer	Richard Bryde alias Byrde[9]
1553 (Oct)	John Gosnold	John Sulyard[9]
1554 (Apr)	Clement Heigham	Thomas Poley[9]
1554 (Nov)	Ralph Goodwin	John Smith alias Dyer[9]
1555	John Sulyard	Richard Smart[9]
1558	William Wheatcroft, repl. Nov 1558 by Edmund Withypoll	Philip Williams[9]
1558/9	Thomas Seckford I	Robert Barker[10]
1562/3	Thomas Seckford I	Edward Grimston[10]
1571	Edward Grimston	John More[10]
1572	Thomas Seckford I	Edward Grimston[10]
1584 (Nov)	Sir John Heigham	John Barker[10]
1586 (Oct)	John Barker	John Laney[10]
1588 (Oct)	John Barker	William Smarte[10]
1593	Robert Barker	Zachariah Lok[10]
1597 (Oct)	Michael Stanhope	Francis Bacon[10]
1601 (Oct)	Michael Stanhope	Francis Bacon[10]
1604	Sir Henry Glenham	Sir Francis Bacon[11]
1614	Robert Snelling	William Cage[11]
1621	Robert Snelling	William Cage[11]
1624	Sir Robert Snelling	William Cage[11]
1625	Sir Robert Snelling	William Cage[11]
1628	William Cage	Edmund Day[11]
1629–1640	No Parliaments convened
1640 (Apr)	John Gurdon	William Cage
1640 (Nov)	John Gurdon	William Cage
1645	John Gurdon	Francis Bacon
1648	John Gurdon	Francis Bacon
1653	Not represented in Barebones Parliament
1654	Nathaniel Bacon	Francis Bacon
1656	Nathaniel Bacon	Francis Bacon
1659	Nathaniel Bacon	Francis Bacon

MPs 1660–1832

Election		1st party		2nd party
Apr 1660	Nathaniel Bacon		Francis Bacon
Oct 1660	Sir Frederick Cornwallis, Bt		Francis Bacon
Apr 1661	John Sicklemore		William Blois
Nov 1670	John Wright		William Blois
Jan 1674			Gilbert Lindfield
Dec 1680			Sir John Barker, Bt	Tory
Mar 1685	Sir Nicholas Bacon	Tory
Jan 1689	Sir Peyton Ventris	Whig
May 1689	Sir Charles Blois, Bt	Tory
Oct 1695	Charles Whitaker	Whig
Nov 1696	Charles Whitaker	Whig	Richard Phillips	Tory
Jul 1698	Sir Samuel Barnardiston, Bt	Whig	Richard Phillips	Tory
Jan 1701	Joseph Martin	Whig	Sir Charles Duncombe	Tory
Dec 1701	Charles Whitaker	Whig	Richard Phillips	Tory
Jul 1702	Charles Whitaker	Whig	John Bence	Tory
May 1705	Henry Poley	Tory
Nov 1707	William Churchill	Whig
May 1708			Sir William Barker, Bt	Tory
Sep 1713			William Thompson	Whig
Apr 1714	Richard Richardson	Tory	Orlando Bridgeman	Tory
Jan 1715	William Thompson	Whig	William Churchill	Whig
Dec 1717	William Thompson	Whig	Francis Negus	Whig
Jan 1730	Philip Broke	Tory	Francis Negus	Whig
Jan 1733	Philip Broke	Tory	William Wollaston	Whig
Apr 1734	Samuel Kent	Whig	William Wollaston	Whig
May 1741			Edward Vernon	Tory[13]
Dec 1757			Thomas Staunton	Whig
Nov 1759	George Montgomerie	Whig
Mar 1761	Francis Vernon	Whig
Mar 1768	William Wollaston	Whig[14]		Whig[14]
Apr 1784	William Middleton	Tory	John Cator declared void	Whig[14]
Jun 1784	William Middleton	Tory	Charles Crickitt	Tory[14]
Jun 1790	Sir John D'Oyly	Whig[14]
May 1796	Sir Andrew Hamond	Tory[14]
Feb 1803	Sir Andrew Hamond	Tory[14]	William Middleton
Oct 1806	Richard Wilson	Whig[14]	Robert Stopford	Whig[14]
May 1807	Sir Home Riggs Popham	Tory[14]	Robert Alexander Crickitt	Tory[14]
Oct 1812	John Round	Tory[14]
Jul 1818	William Newton	Tory[14]
Apr 1820	William Haldimand	Whig[14]	Thomas Barrett-Lennard	Whig[15][16][17][18][19][14]
Jun 1826	William Haldimand	Whig[14]	Robert Torrens	Whig[14]
Feb 1827	Robert Dundas	Tory[14]	Charles Mackinnon	Tory[14]
May 1831	James Morrison	Whig[14]	Rigby Wason	Whig[14]

MPs 1832–1918

Election		1st party		2nd party
1832	James Morrison	Whig[14]	Rigby Wason	Whig[14][20][21]
1835	Fitzroy Kelly	Conservative[14]	Robert Christopher	Conservative[14]
June 1835	James Morrison	Whig[14]	Rigby Wason	Whig[14][20][21]
1837	Thomas Milner Gibson	Conservative[14]	Henry Tufnell	Whig[14][22][23][24]
Feb. 1838	Thomas Milner Gibson	Conservative[14]	Fitzroy Kelly	Conservative[14]
July 1839	Sir Thomas John Cochrane	Conservative[14]	Fitzroy Kelly	Conservative[14]
1841	Rigby Wason	Whig[14][20][21]	George Rennie	Whig[14][20][21]
June 1842	John Cuffe	Conservative[14]	Thomas Gladstone	Conservative[14]
August 1842	John Neilson Gladstone	Conservative[14]	Sackville Lane-Fox	Conservative[14]
1847	John Cobbold	Conservative	Sir Hugh Adair, Bt	Whig[25][26][27]
1859	John Cobbold	Conservative		Liberal
1868	Henry Wyndham West	Liberal		Liberal
1874	John Cobbold	Conservative	James Redfoord Bulwer	Conservative
1876	Thomas Cobbold	Conservative	James Redfoord Bulwer	Conservative
1880	Thomas Cobbold	Conservative	Jesse Collings	Liberal
December 1883	Henry Wyndham West	Liberal	Jesse Collings	Liberal
April 1886	Sir Charles Dalrymple, Bt	Conservative	Hugo Chatteris	Conservative
1895	Sir Charles Dalrymple, Bt	Conservative	Sir Daniel Ford Goddard	Liberal
1906	Felix Cobbold	Liberal
January 1910	Silvester Horne	Liberal
May 1914	John Ganzoni	Conservative

During the period between 1835 and 1842 there were five elections and all were found to have been corrupt. After the 1835 election, Dundas and Kelly were unseated on the charge of bribery. After the 1837 election, Tufnell was unseated on a scrutiny. Gibson, who was elected in 1838, resigned. Cochrane was elected in 1839, after which a petition was presented complaining of gross bribery – it was not progressed because a general election was expected. After the 1841 election, Wason and Rennie were unseated, being declared guilty of bribery by their agents.[28]

MPs 1918–present

	Member[12]	Party
1918	John Ganzoni	Coalition Conservative
1922	John Ganzoni	Conservative
1923	Robert Jackson	Labour
1924	Sir John Ganzoni, Bt	Conservative
1938 by-election	Richard Stokes	Labour
1957 by-election	Dingle Foot	Labour
1970	Ernle Money	Conservative
October 1974	Kenneth Weetch	Labour
1987	Michael Irvine	Conservative
1992	Jamie Cann	Labour
2001 by-election	Chris Mole	Labour
2010	Ben Gummer	Conservative
2017	Sandy Martin	Labour
2019	Tom Hunt	Conservative

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Ipswich[29]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Tom Hunt	24,952	50.3	4.6
	Labour	Sandy Martin	19,473	39.3	8.1
	Liberal Democrats	Adrian Hyyrylainen-Trett	2,439	4.9	2.6
	Brexit Party	Nicola Thomas	1,432	2.9	New
	Green	Barry Broom	1,283	2.6	1.0
Majority			5,479	11.0	N/A
Turnout			49,579	65.6	2.0
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing	6.3

General election 2017: Ipswich[30]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Sandy Martin	24,224	47.4	10.3
	Conservative	Ben Gummer	23,393	45.7	0.9
	UKIP	Tony Gould	1,372	2.7	9.0
	Liberal Democrats	Adrian Hyyrylainen-Trett	1,187	2.3	0.6
	Green	Charlotte Armstrong	840	1.6	2.0
	Independent	David Tabane	121	0.2	New
Majority			831	1.7	N/A
Turnout			51,137	67.6	2.2
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing	4.7

General election 2015: Ipswich[31]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Ben Gummer	21,794	44.8	+5.7
	Labour	David Ellesmere	18,061	37.1	+2.4
	UKIP	Maria Vigneau	5,703	11.7	+8.8
	Green	Barry Broom	1,736	3.6	+1.9
	Liberal Democrats	Chika Akinwale	1,400	2.9	−15.3
Majority			3,733	7.7	+3.3
Turnout			48,694	65.4	+5.5
	Conservative hold		Swing	+1.6

General election 2010: Ipswich[32]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Ben Gummer	18,371	39.1	+8.0
	Labour	Chris Mole	16,292	34.7	−8.2
	Liberal Democrats	Mark Dyson	8,556	18.2	−2.9
	UKIP	Chris Streatfield	1,365	2.9	+0.2
	BNP	Dennis Boater	1,270	2.7	New
	Green	Tim Glover	775	1.7	New
	Christian	Kim Christofi	149	0.3	New
	Independent	Peter Turtill	93	0.2	New
	Independent	Sally Wainman	70	0.1	New
Majority			2,079	4.4	N/A
Turnout			46,941	59.9	−0.2
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing	+8.1

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Ipswich[33]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Chris Mole	18,336	43.8	−7.5
	Conservative	Paul West	13,004	31.1	+0.6
	Liberal Democrats	Richard Atkins	8,464	20.2	+5.0
	UKIP	Alison West	1,134	2.7	+1.1
	English Democrat	Jervis Kay	641	1.5	New
	Independent	Sally Wainman	299	0.7	New
Majority			5,332	12.7	−8.1
Turnout			41,878	60.8	+3.8
	Labour hold		Swing	−4.0

Following the death of Jamie Cann on 15 October 2001, a by-election was held on 22 November 2001.

2001 Ipswich by-election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Chris Mole	11,881	43.4	−7.9
	Conservative	Paul West	7,794	28.4	−2.1
	Liberal Democrats	Tessa Munt	6,146	22.4	+7.2
	CPA	David Coope	581	2.1	New
	UKIP	Jonathan Wright	276	1.0	−0.6
	Green	Tony Slade	255	0.9	New
	Legalise Cannabis	John Ramirez	236	0.9	New
	Socialist Alliance	Peter Leech	152	0.6	0.0
	English Independence Party	Nicolas Winskill	84	0.3	New
Majority			4,087	15.0	−5.8
Turnout			27,405	40.2	−16.8
	Labour hold		Swing	−5.9

General election 2001: Ipswich[34]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Jamie Cann	19,952	51.3	−1.4
	Conservative	Edward Wild	11,871	30.5	−0.6
	Liberal Democrats	Terence Gilbert	5,904	15.2	+3.0
	UKIP	William Vinyard	624	1.6	+1.2
	Socialist Alliance	Peter Leech	305	0.8	New
	Socialist Labour	Shaun Gratton	217	0.6	New
Majority			8,081	20.8	−0.8
Turnout			38,873	57.0	−15.2
	Labour hold		Swing	−0.8

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Ipswich[35]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Jamie Cann	25,484	52.7	+8.9
	Conservative	Stephen Castle	15,048	31.1	−12.3
	Liberal Democrats	Nigel Roberts	5,881	12.2	+0.76
	Referendum	Theodore Agnew	1,637	3.4	New
	UKIP	William Vinyard	208	0.4	New
	Natural Law	Eric Kaplan	107	0.2	−0.11
Majority			10,436	21.6	+21.2
Turnout			48,365	72.2	-8.1
	Labour hold		Swing	+10.54

General election 1992: Ipswich[36][37]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Jamie Cann	23,680	43.8	+1.1
	Conservative	Michael Irvine	23,415	43.4	−1.0
	Liberal Democrats	Joseph White	6159	11.4	-1.1
	Green	Jane Scott	591	1.1	New
	Natural Law	Eric Kaplan	181	0.3	New
Majority			265	0.4	N/A
Turnout			54,026	80.3	+3.2
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing	+1.1

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Ipswich[38][39]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Michael Irvine	23,328	44.4	+2.8
	Labour	Ken Weetch	22,454	42.7	-1.0
	SDP	Hugh Nicholson	6,596	12.5	-1.7
	Workers Revolutionary	David Lettice	174	0.3	New
Majority			874	1.7	N/A
Turnout			52,552	77.1	+1.7
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing	+1.9

General election 1983: Ipswich[40]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ken Weetch	22,191	43.7
	Conservative	Elizabeth Cottrell	21,114	41.6
	Liberal	Patricia Miernik	7,220	14.2
	BNP	Albert Pearson	235	0.5	New
Majority			1,077	2.1
Turnout			50,760	75.4
	Labour hold		Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ken Weetch	34,444	48.2	+2.9
	Conservative	R. Erith	30,703	42.9	+0.1
	Liberal	P. Keeling	5,772	8.1	-3.8
	National Front	P. Robinson	449	0.6	New
	Workers Revolutionary	R. Hodge	115	0.2	New
Majority			3,741	5.3	+2.8
Turnout			71,483	80.8	+1.3
	Labour hold		Swing	+1.3

General election October 1974: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ken Weetch	31,566	45.3	+4.5
	Conservative	Ernle Money	29,833	42.8	+1.6
	Liberal	R. B. Salt	8,295	11.9	-4.4
Majority			1,733	2.5	N/A
Turnout			69,694	79.5	-4.1
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing

General election February 1974: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Ernle Money	29,893	41.2	-2.9
	Labour	Ken Weetch	29,634	40.8	-3.3
	Liberal	Joan Ruby Knott	11,857	16.3	+8.1
	National Democratic	David R. M. Brown	1,161	1.6	-2.1
Majority			259	0.4	+0.4
Turnout			72,545	83.6	+10.9
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1970: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Ernle Money	27,704	44.1	+5.5
	Labour	Dingle Foot	27,691	44.1	-5.8
	Liberal	Neville S. Lewis	5,147	8.2	-2.0
	National Democratic	David R. M. Brown	2,322	3.7	+2.4
Majority			13	0.0	N/A
Turnout			62,864	72.7	-4.8
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Dingle Foot	30,313	49.9	+10.1
	Conservative	Trevor A. Hagger	23,440	38.6	+2.8
	Liberal	Stanley Rundle	6,200	10.2	-13.6
	National Democratic	David R. M. Brown	769	1.3	+0.7
Majority			6,873	11.3	+9.4
Turnout			60,722	77.5	-1.5
	Labour hold		Swing

General election 1964: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Dingle Foot	24,648	39.8	−1.3
	Conservative	Trevor A. Hagger	22,216	35.8	−0.2
	Liberal	Manuela Sykes	14,755	23.8	+1.0
	National Democratic	David R. M. Brown	349	0.6	New
Majority			2,432	3.9	−1.2
Turnout			61,968	79.0	−1.9
	Labour hold		Swing	−0.5

Election in the 1950s

General election 1959: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Dingle Foot	25,858	41.1	−4.7
	Conservative	John C. Cobbold	22,623	36.0	+3.4
	Liberal	Manuela Sykes	14,359	22.8	+1.4
Majority			3,235	5.1	−8.1
Turnout			62,840	80.9	+0.4
	Labour hold		Swing	−4.0

1957 Ipswich by-election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Dingle Foot	26,898	45.8	−7.1
	Conservative	John C. Cobbold	19,161	32.6	−14.5
	Liberal	Manuela Sykes	12,587	21.4	New
Majority			7,737	13.2	+7.4
Turnout			27,405
	Labour hold		Swing	+3.7

General election 1955: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Richard Stokes	32,306	52.9	-0.5
	Conservative	John C. Cobbold	28,724	47.1	+0.5
Majority			3,582	5.8	-1.0
Turnout			61,030	80.5	-4.7
	Labour hold		Swing

General election 1951: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Richard Stokes	33,463	53.4	+6.5
	Conservative	Albert E. Holdsworth	29,227	46.6	+6.8
Majority			4,236	6.8	-0.3
Turnout			62,690	85.2	-1.6
	Labour hold		Swing

General election 1950: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Richard Stokes	29,386	46.9	-2.4
	Conservative	S. W. L. Ripley	24,993	39.8	+5.7
	Liberal	J. C. Seward	8,340	13.3	-3.2
Majority			4,393	7.1	-8.1
Turnout			62,719	86.8	+6.7
	Labour hold		Swing

Election in the 1940s

General election 1945: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Richard Stokes	26,296	49.3	+6.6
	Conservative	Frank Guy Clavering Fison	18,177	34.1	-23.2
	Liberal	Duncan Mackay Mowat	8,819	16.5	New
Majority			8,119	15.2	N/A
Turnout			53,292	80.1	-2.0
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing

Elections in the 1930s

1938 Ipswich by-election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Richard Stokes	27,604	53.0	+10.3
	Conservative	Henry Willink	24,443	47.0	-10.3
Majority			3,161	6.0	N/A
Turnout			52,047
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing

General election 1935: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Ganzoni	28,528	57.3	-5.7
	Labour	Robert Jackson	21,278	42.7	+5.7
Majority			7,250	14.6	-11.4
Turnout			49,806	82.1	-0.8
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1931: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Ganzoni	29,782	63.0	+23.7
	Labour	Robert Jackson	17,490	37.0	-0.7
Majority			12,292	26.0	+24.0
Turnout			47,272	82.9	-2.8
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Ipswich[41]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	John Ganzoni	18,527	39.7	−15.7
	Labour	Robert Jackson	17,592	37.7	−6.9
	Liberal	Frank Ongley Darvall	10,559	22.6	New
Majority			935	2.0	−8.8
Turnout			46,678	85.7	−2.0
Registered electors			54,474
	Unionist hold		Swing	−4.4

General election 1924: Ipswich[41]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	John Ganzoni	19,621	55.4	+6.1
	Labour	Robert Jackson	15,791	44.6	−6.1
Majority			3,830	10.8	N/A
Turnout			35,412	87.7	+9.0
Registered electors			40,379
	Unionist gain from Labour		Swing	+6.1

General election 1923: Ipswich [41]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Robert Jackson	15,824	50.7	+4.1
	Unionist	John Ganzoni	15,364	49.3	−4.1
Majority			460	1.4	N/A
Turnout			31,188	78.7	−3.7
Registered electors			39,606
	Labour gain from Unionist		Swing	+4.1

General election 1922: Ipswich [41]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	John Ganzoni	17,134	53.4	−0.1
	Labour	Robert Jackson	14,924	46.6	+14.5
Majority			2,210	6.8	−14.6
Turnout			32,058	82.4	+14.5
Registered electors			38,924
	Unionist hold		Swing	−7.3

Elections in the 1910s

General election 1918: Ipswich
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
C	Unionist	John Ganzoni	13,553	53.5	+5.4
	Labour	Robert Jackson	8,143	32.1	New
	Liberal	George Hay Morgan	3,663	14.4	−37.5
Majority			5,410	21.4	N/A
Turnout			25,359	67.9	−22.0
Registered electors			37,348
	Unionist hold		Swing	N/A
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Change of vote share and swing calculated from the December 1910 party ticket vote.

General election 1914/15:

Another general election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

Unionist: John Ganzoni
Liberal: Daniel Ford Goddard
Independent Labour: Robert Jackson (not supported by Labour Party HQ)

John Ganzoni

1914 Ipswich by-election[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	John Ganzoni	6,406	50.6	+2.5
	Liberal	Charles Masterman	5,874	46.3	−5.6
	Independent Labour	John Scurr	395	3.1	New'
Majority			532	4.3	N/A
Turnout			12,675	91.4	+1.5
Registered electors			13,870
	Unionist gain from Liberal		Swing	+4.1

[43]

Goddard

General election December 1910: Ipswich (2 seats)[44][42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Daniel Ford Goddard	5,931	26.2	+0.1
	Liberal	Silvester Horne	5,791	25.7	+0.2
	Conservative	Arthur Churchman	5,447	24.1	−0.2
	Conservative	Bunnell Henry Burton	5,409	24.0	−0.1
Turnout			22,578	89.9	−3.4
Registered electors			12,641
Majority			344	1.6	+0.4
	Liberal hold		Swing	+0.2
	Liberal hold		Swing	+0.2

Liberal Election Postcard

General election January 1910: Ipswich (2 seats) [44][42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Daniel Ford Goddard	6,120	26.1	−3.7
	Liberal	Silvester Horne	5,958	25.5	−3.7
	Conservative	Arthur Churchman	5,690	24.3	+3.0
	Conservative	Bunnell Henry Burton	5,645	24.1	+4.4
Turnout			23,413	93.3	+3.9
Registered electors			12,641
Majority			268	1.2	−6.7
	Liberal hold		Swing	−3.4
	Liberal hold		Swing	−4.1

Elections in the 1900s

Felix Cobbold

General election 1906: Ipswich[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Daniel Ford Goddard	6,396	29.8	+3.9
	Liberal	Felix Cobbold	6,290	29.2	+3.8
	Conservative	Charles Dalrymple	4,591	21.3	−4.5
	Conservative	Samuel Hoare	4,232	19.7	−4.2
Majority			1,699	7.9	+5.9
Turnout			21,509	89.4	+5.8
Registered electors			12,146
	Liberal hold		Swing	+4.2
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+4.2

General election 1900: Ipswich[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Daniel Ford Goddard	4,557	25.9	+0.3
	Conservative	Charles Dalrymple	4,527	25.8	+0.8
	Liberal	Noel Buxton	4,283	24.4	−0.4
	Conservative	J. F. P. Rawlinson	4,207	23.9	−0.7
Turnout			17,574	83.6	−6.8
Registered electors			10,646
Majority			350	2.0	+1.0
	Liberal hold		Swing	−0.5
Majority			244	1.4	+1.2
	Conservative hold		Swing	+0.6

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1895: Ipswich[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Daniel Ford Goddard	4,396	25.6	+1.1
	Conservative	Charles Dalrymple	4,293	25.0	−1.2
	Liberal	Arthur Soames	4,250	24.8	+1.3
	Conservative	Hugo Charteris	4,219	24.6	−1.2
Turnout			8,696 (est.)	90.4	+0.7
Registered electors			9,619
Majority			177	1.0	N/A
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+1.2
Majority			43	0.2	−1.1
	Conservative hold		Swing	−1.3

General election 1892: Ipswich[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Charles Dalrymple	4,350	26.2	−0.4
	Conservative	Hugo Charteris	4,277	25.8	−0.9
	Liberal	Daniel Ford Goddard	4,054	24.5	+1.0
	Liberal	Arthur Soames	3,888	23.5	+0.3
Turnout			8,417 (est.)	89.7	+7.9
Registered electors			9,619
Majority			223	1.3	−1.8
	Conservative hold		Swing	−0.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	−0.6

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1886: Ipswich[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Hugo Charteris	3,846	26.7	+1.8
	Conservative	Charles Dalrymple	3,838	26.6	+2.2
	Liberal	Sydney Stern	3,386	23.5	−1.9
	Liberal	Benjamin Thomas Lindsay Thomson[45]	3,334	23.2	−2.1
Turnout			7,252	81.8	−4.2
Registered electors			8,867
Majority			452	3.1	N/A
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+1.9
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+2.2

1886 Ipswich by-election[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Charles Dalrymple	3,687	25.2	+0.3
	Conservative	Hugo Charteris	3,662	25.1	+0.7
	Liberal	John Harvey	3,635	24.9	−0.5
	Liberal	Horace Davey	3,627	24.8	−0.5
Turnout			7,371	83.1	−2.9
Registered electors			8,867
Majority			27	0.2	N/A
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+0.4
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+0.6

Caused by the 1885 election being declared void on account of bribery.[46]

General election 1885: Ipswich[42]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Henry Wyndham West	3,795	25.4	+0.6
	Liberal	Jesse Collings	3,777	25.3	+0.1
	Conservative	Edward Murray Ind[47]	3,717	24.9	−0.8
	Conservative	William Thomas Charley	3,649	24.4	0.0
Turnout			7,623	86.0	+3.5 (est.)
Registered electors			8,867
Majority			60	0.4	−0.4
	Liberal hold		Swing	+0.7
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+0.1

1883 Ipswich by-election[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Henry Wyndham West	3,266	53.7	+3.7
	Conservative	William Thomas Charley	2,816	46.3	−3.8
Majority			450	7.4	N/A
Turnout			6,082	76.9	−5.6 (est.)
Registered electors			7,914
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+3.8

Caused by Cobbold's death.

General election 1880: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Thomas Cobbold	3,142	25.7	−2.9
	Liberal	Jesse Collings	3,074	25.2	+1.8
	Liberal	Henry Wyndham West	3,025	24.8	+3.1
	Conservative	James Redfoord Bulwer	2,979	24.4	−2.0
Turnout			6,110 (est.)	82.5 (est.)	+1.6
Registered electors			7,406
Majority			68	0.5	−2.5
	Conservative hold		Swing	−3.0
Majority			95	0.8	N/A
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+1.9

Elections in the 1870s

1876 Ipswich by-election[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Thomas Cobbold	2,213	57.9	+2.9
	Lib-Lab	William Newton	1,607	42.1	−3.0
Majority			606	15.9	+12.9
Turnout			3,820	51.6	−29.3
Registered electors			7,406
	Conservative hold		Swing	+3.0

Caused by Cobbold's death.

General election 1874: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Cobbold	3,059	28.6	+13.0
	Conservative	James Redfoord Bulwer	2,827	26.4	+10.8
	Liberal	Hugh Adair	2,506	23.4	−12.0
	Liberal	Henry Wyndham West	2,322	21.7	−11.8
Majority			321	3.0	N/A
Turnout			5,357 (est.)	80.9 (est.)	+0.5
Registered electors			6,619
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+12.5
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+11.3

Elections in the 1860s

General election 1868: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Hugh Adair	2,321	35.4	+7.7
	Liberal	Henry Wyndham West	2,195	33.5	+8.2
	Conservative	John Cobbold	2,044	31.2	−15.8
Majority			151	2.3	0.0
Turnout			4,302 (est.)	80.4 (est.)	−4.1
Registered electors			5,352
	Liberal hold		Swing	+7.8
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+8.1

General election 1865: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Hugh Adair	992	27.7	−1.0
	Conservative	John Cobbold	910	25.4	−5.1
	Liberal	Henry Wyndham West	904	25.3	+12.4
	Conservative	William Tidmas[49]	774	21.6	−6.4
Turnout			1,790 (est.)	84.5 (est.)	+5.8
Registered electors			2,118
Majority			82	2.3	+1.6
	Liberal hold		Swing	+3.4
Majority			6	0.1	−1.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	−5.4

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1859: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Cobbold	918	30.5	+4.4
	Liberal	Hugh Adair	864	28.7	+3.3
	Conservative	Henry Selwin	842	28.0	+4.3
	Liberal	John King[50]	388	12.9	−11.8
Turnout			1,506 (est.)	78.7 (est.)	−0.3
Registered electors			1,914
Majority			54	1.8	+1.1
	Conservative hold		Swing	+4.3
Majority			22	0.7	−1.0
	Liberal hold		Swing	−0.5

General election 1857: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Cobbold	780	26.1	−0.5
	Whig	Hugh Adair	759	25.4	−0.3
	Whig	John Clark Marshman[51]	738	24.7	+0.9
	Conservative	Henry Selwin	709	23.7	−0.1
Turnout			1,493 (est.)	79.0 (est.)	−3.7
Registered electors			1,891
Majority			21	0.7	−0.2
	Conservative hold		Swing	−0.4
Majority			50	1.7	−0.2
	Whig hold		Swing	0.0

General election 1852: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Cobbold	809	26.6	−3.6
	Whig	Hugh Adair	782	25.7	−0.1
	Radical	Thomas Hobhouse[52][53][54][55]	725	23.8	N/A
	Conservative	Samuel Bateson[56]	725	23.8	−0.3
Turnout			1,521 (est.)	82.7 (est.)	+2.7
Registered electors			1,838
Majority			27	0.9	+3.5
	Conservative hold		Swing	−1.8
Majority			57	1.9	+0.2
	Whig hold		Swing	+1.9

Elections in the 1840s

General election 1847: Ipswich[48]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Cobbold	829	30.2	+6.1
	Whig	Hugh Adair	708	25.8	−26.2
	Conservative	John Neilson Gladstone	661	24.1	+0.2
	Chartist	Henry Vincent	546	19.9	N/A
Turnout			1,372 (est.)	80.0 (est.)	+0.3
Registered electors			1,714
Majority			121	4.4	N/A
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+9.6
Majority			47	1.7	−0.2
	Whig hold		Swing	−16.3

By-election 17 August 1842: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Neilson Gladstone	651	28.1	+4.0
	Conservative	Sackville Lane-Fox	641	27.7	+3.8
	Whig	David Thornbury	548	23.7	−28.3
	Chartist	Henry Vincent	473	20.4	New
	Radical	John Nicholson	2	0.0	N/A
Majority			93	4.0	N/A
Turnout			1,158 (est.)	71.5 (est.)	−8.2
Registered electors			1,704
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+9.1
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+9.0

Caused by the earlier by-election being declared void on petition, due to bribery by Cuffe's and Gladstone's agents, on 30 July 1842.[57]

By-election 3 June 1842: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Cuffe	680	27.9	+3.8
	Conservative	Thomas Gladstone	673	27.6	+3.7
	Whig	Thomas Gisborne	543	22.3	−29.7
	Radical	George Moffatt[58]	541	22.2	N/A
	Radical	John Nicholson	3	0.1	N/A
Majority			130	5.3	N/A
Turnout			1,220 (est.)	75.4 (est.)	−4.3
Registered electors			1,619
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+9.3
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+9.3

Caused by the general election result being declared void on petition, due to bribery by Wason's and Ronnie's agents, on 25 April 1842[59]

General election 1841: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	Rigby Wason	659	26.0	+1.1
	Whig	George Rennie	657	26.0	+1.0
	Conservative	Fitzroy Kelly	611	24.1	−0.8
	Conservative	John Charles Herries	604	23.9	−1.3
Majority			46	1.9	+1.8
Turnout			c. 1,266	c. 79.7	c. −9.3
Registered electors			1,587
	Whig hold		Swing	+1.1
	Whig gain from Conservative		Swing	+1.0

Elections in the 1830s

By-election, 15 July 1839: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Thomas John Cochrane	621	50.2	+0.1
	Whig	Thomas Milner Gibson	615	49.8	−0.1
Majority			6	0.4	+0.2
Turnout			1,236	87.2	−1.8
Registered electors			1,418
	Conservative hold		Swing	+0.1

Caused by Gibson's defection to the Whigs.

General election 1837: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Thomas Milner Gibson	601	25.2	−0.5
	Whig	Henry Tufnell	595	25.0	+1.1
	Conservative	Fitzroy Kelly	593	24.9	−0.9
	Whig	Rigby Wason	593	24.9	+0.3
Turnout			1,262	89.0	−1.2
Registered electors			1,418
Majority			6	0.2	−0.9
	Conservative hold		Swing	−0.6
Majority			2	0.1	N/A
	Whig gain from Conservative		Swing	+0.9

Tufnell was later unseated on petition, and Kelly was returned in his place

By-election, 19 June 1835: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	James Morrison	542	27.6	+3.7
	Whig	Rigby Wason	533	27.2	+2.6
	Conservative	Horatio George Broke	454	23.1	−2.7
	Conservative	William Holmes	434	22.1	−3.6
Majority			79	4.1	N/A
Turnout			992	82.1	−8.1
Registered electors			1,209
	Whig gain from Conservative		Swing	+3.4
	Whig gain from Conservative		Swing	+2.9

Caused by the 1835 election being declared void on petition

General election 1835: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Fitzroy Kelly	557	25.8	+11.4
	Conservative	Robert Dundas	555	25.7	+4.3
	Whig	Rigby Wason	531	24.6	−7.4
	Whig	James Morrison	516	23.9	−8.4
Majority			24	1.1	N/A
Turnout			1,090	90.2	+12.0
Registered electors			1,209
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+9.7
	Conservative gain from Whig		Swing	+6.1

General election 1832: Ipswich[48][14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	James Morrison	599	32.3	+2.7
	Whig	Rigby Wason	593	32.0	+2.5
	Tory	Edward Goulburn	303	16.3	N/A
	Tory	Fitzroy Kelly	267	14.4	N/A
	Tory	Charles Mackinnon	94	5.1	−15.3
Majority			290	15.7	+6.6
Turnout			953	78.2	c. +8.8
Registered electors			1,219
	Whig hold		Swing	+5.2
	Whig hold		Swing	+5.1

General election 1831: Ipswich[14][60]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Whig	James Morrison	468	29.6	+21.8
	Whig	Rigby Wason	467	29.5	+21.7
	Tory	Charles Mackinnon	323	20.4	−21.8
	Tory	Robert FitzRoy	323	20.4	−21.8
Majority			144	9.1	N/A
Turnout			798	c. 69.4	c. +21.1
Registered electors			c. 1,150
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing	+21.8
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing	+21.8

General election 1830: Ipswich[14][60]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Tory	Robert Dundas	406	42.2
	Tory	Charles Mackinnon	406	42.2
	Whig	John Disney	150	15.6
Majority			256	26.6
Turnout			556	c. 48.3
Registered electors			c. 1,150
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing

Elections in the 1820s

1826 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Haldimand	496
	Whig	Robert Torrens	495
	Tory	Robert Dundas	488
	Tory	Charles Mackinnon	488
Majority			7
Turnout			1,003
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

After a successful electoral petition, Dundas and Mackinnon were declared elected.[14]

1820 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Haldimand	483 / 428
	Whig	Thomas Barrett-Lennard	482 / 427
	Tory	Robert Crickitt	474 / 430
	Tory	Charles Mackinnon	468 / 424
Majority			8
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing

Figures are shown pre and post scrutiny. After a successful electoral petition, Haldimand and Barrett-Lennard were declared elected.[14]

Elections in the 1810s

1818 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Robert Crickitt	428 / 394
	Tory	William Newton	422 / 387
	Whig	Henry Baring	389 / 356
	Whig	William Bolton	362 / 335
Majority			33
Turnout
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

Figures are shown pre and post scrutiny.[14]

1812 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Robert Crickitt	Unopposed
	Tory	John Round	Unopposed
Majority
Turnout
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

Elections in the 1800s

1807 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Home Riggs Popham	397
	Tory	Robert Crickitt	388
	Whig	Richard Wilson	327
	Whig	R H A Bennett	320
Majority			61
Turnout
Registered electors
	Tory gain from		Swing
	Tory gain from		Swing

1806 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Richard Wilson	367
	Whig	Robert Stopford	358
	Tory	Robert Crickitt	182
	Tory	John Gibbons	176
Majority			176
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig gain from		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

1803 Ipswich by-election[14]
Party	Candidate	Votes
	William Middleton	Unopposed
Turnout
Registered electors

Caused by the death of Charles Crickitt

1802 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Andrew Hamond	Unopposed
	Tory	Charles Crickitt	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

Elections in the 1790s

1796 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Andrew Hamond	402
	Tory	Charles Crickitt	382
	Whig	William Middleton	311
Majority			71
Turnout
Registered electors
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

1790 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	John D'Oyly	322
	Tory	Charles Crickitt	313
	Tory	William Middleton	299
	Whig	George Rochfort	243
Majority			14
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

Elections in the 1780s

1784 Ipswich By-election[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Charles Crickitt	353
	Whig	Robert Thornton	185
Majority			168
Turnout			538
Registered electors
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing

By election called after the election of John Cator was declared void

1784 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	William Middleton	460
	Whig	John Cator	297
	Tory	Charles Crickitt	7
Majority			290
Turnout
Registered electors
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

1780 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Wollaston	346
	Whig	Thomas Staunton	341
	Tory	Joshua Grigby	253
	Tory	William Middleton	247
Majority			92
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1770s

1774 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Wollaston	357
	Whig	Thomas Staunton	205
	Tory	Francis Vernon	160
Majority			45
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1760s

1774 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Wollaston	357
	Whig	Thomas Staunton	357
	Tory	Wilbraham Tollemache	289
	Tory	Edward Cruttenden	287
Majority			68
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing

1762 Ipswich By-election[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Francis Vernon	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing

Called when Vernon became a Commissioner for Trade and Plantations

1761 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Francis Vernon	Unopposed
	Whig	Thomas Staunton	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1750s

1759 Ipswich By-election[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	George Montgomerie	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing

Called on the death of Samuel Kent

1757 Ipswich By-election[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Thomas Staunton	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing

Called on the death of Edward Vernon

1754 General Election: Ipswich[61]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Edward Vernon	Unopposed
	Whig	Samuel Kent	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Unusually the Yellows supported in Edward Vernon[61] an identifiable Tory[62] and critic of the Whig government. The Blues meanwhile supported Samuel Kent and Richard Lloyd, both supporters of the Whig government. Although Lloyd would later withdraw[61] before that point it had proved an expensive contest for Vernon.[63]

Elections in the 1740s

1747 General Election: Ipswich[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Edward Vernon	Unopposed
	Whig	Samuel Kent	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

1741 General Election: Ipswich[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Edward Vernon	527
	Whig	Samuel Kent	297
	Whig	Knox Ward	224
Majority			73
Turnout
Registered electors
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1730s

1734 General Election: Ipswich[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Samuel Kent	308
	Whig	William Wollaston	296
	Tory	Edward Vernon	215
	Tory	Philip Colman	195
Majority			81
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

1733 Ipswich By-election[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Wollaston	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing

Called on death of Francis Negus

1730 Ipswich By-election[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Philip Broke	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing

Called on William Thompson becoming a judge

Elections in the 1720s

1727 General Election: Ipswich[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Francis Negus	438
	Whig	William Thompson	396
	Tory	? Crowley	214
Majority			82
Turnout
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

1726 Ipswich By-election[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Thompson	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing

By-election called on William Thompson being made a Baron of the Exchequer

1722 General Election: Ipswich[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Francis Negus	Unopposed
	Whig	William Thompson	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1710s

December 1717 Ipswich By-election[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Francis Negus	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing

By-election called on William Churchill winning a government contract for stationary and resigning his seat as an office of profit to the crown. Instead of seeking re-election he stood in favour of his son in law Francis Negus.[65]

February 1717 Ipswich By-election[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Thompson	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing

By-election called on William Thompson becoming Solicitor General

1715 General Election: Ipswich[64]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Churchill	Unopposed
	Whig	William Thompson	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

1713 General Election: Ipswich[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Thompson	270
	Whig	William Churchill	265
	Tory	Orlando Bridgeman	218
	Tory	Richard Richardson	204
Registered electors
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Successfully overturned through an electoral petition and Richardson and Bridgeman installed as MPs.

1710 General Election: Ipswich[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	William Barker	258
	Whig	William Churchill	258
	Whig	William Thompson	235
	Tory	Orlando Bridgeman	172
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Elections in the 1700s

1708 General Election: Ipswich[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Churchill	303
	Tory	William Barker	264
	Whig	Charles Whitaker	157
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

1707 Ipswich By-election: Ipswich[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	William Churchill	188
	Tory	William Barker	182
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Whig hold		Swing

Called on the death of Henry Poley

1705 General Election: Ipswich[66]
	Candidate	Votes
Tory	John Bence	Unopposed
Tory	Henry Poley	Unopposed
Tory hold		Swing
Tory gain from Whig		Swing

1702 General Election: Ipswich[66]
	Candidate	Votes
Tory	John Bence
Whig	Charles Whitaker
Tory	Richard Phillips
Tory hold		Swing
Tory gain from Whig		Swing

November 1701 General Election: Ipswich[66]
	Candidate	Votes
Whig	Charles Whitaker	170
Tory	Richard Phillips	169
Tory	John Bence	126
Tory hold		Swing
Tory gain from Whig		Swing

January 1701 General Election: Ipswich[66]
	Candidate	Votes
Whig	Joseph Martin	201
Tory	Charles Duncombe	185
Tory	Richard Phillips	94
Whig hold		Swing
Tory hold		Swing

Elections in the 1690s

1698 General Election: Ipswich[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Whig	Samuel Barnardiston	149
	Tory	Richard Phillips	147
	Whig	Charles Whitaker	105
Registered electors
	Whig hold		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

1696 Ipswich by-election[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Richard Phillips	Unopposed
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing

1695 General Election: Ipswich[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	John Barker
	Whig	Charles Whitaker
	Tory	Charles Blois
	Whig	Samuel Barnardiston
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

1690 General Election: Ipswich[66]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	John Barker	143
	Tory	Charles Blois	110
	Whig	Charles Whitaker	103
	Whig	John Hodges	59
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Tory hold		Swing

Elections in the 1680s

1689 Ipswich By-election[67]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	Charles Blois	111
	Whig	Samuel Barnardiston	94
Registered electors
	Tory gain from Whig		Swing

Caused by Peyton Ventris becoming a Justice of the Common Pleas

1689 General Election: Ipswich[67]
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Tory	John Barker	170
	Whig	Peyton Ventris	169
	Tory	Henry Felton	58
Registered electors
	Tory hold		Swing
	Whig gain from Tory		Swing

Notes

A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer).
As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

References

"Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010.
Winifred Stokes / R. G. Thorne (1986). "Ipswich". In Thorne, R. G. (ed.). The House of Commons 1790-1820. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 25 November 2022.
Page 82,Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1957)
S., Craig, Fred W. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885-1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. ISBN 0900178094. OCLC 539011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
"The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
Clark, Linda; Rawcliffe, Carole; Roskell, J. S., eds. (1993). "Ipswich". The House of Commons 1386-1421. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
Bindoff, S. T., ed. (1982). "Ipswich". The House of Commons 1509-1558. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
Hasler, P. W., ed. (1981). "Ipswich". The House of Commons 1558-1603. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
John P Ferris (2010). "Ipswich". In Ferris, John P.; Thrush, Andrew (eds.). The House of Commons 1604-1629. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "I"
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Vernon, Edward" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 58–61.
Margaret Escott (2009). "BARRETT LENNARD, Thomas (1788–1856), of Belhus, Aveley, Essex and Hyde Park Terrace, Mdx.". In Fisher, David (ed.). The House of Commons 1820-1832. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
David R Fisher (2009). "Maldon". In Fisher, David (ed.). The House of Commons 1820-1832. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
Hall, Catherine; Draper, Nicholas; McClelland, Keith; Donington, Katie; Lang, Rachel (2014). "Appendix 4: MPs 1832-80 in the compensation records". Legacies of British Slave-ownership: Colonial Slavery and the Formation of Victorian Britain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 978-1-107-04005-2.
"Witham". Essex Standard. 6 August 1847. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Essex Elections". Morning Post. 26 December 1832. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Election Movements". John Bull. 28 June 1841. p. 10 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Norfolk Chronicle". 26 June 1841. pp. 2–3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Postscript". The Spectator. 9 November 1839. p. 9.
The Spectator, Volume 14. F.C. Westley. 1841. p. 653.
Gash, Norman (2013). Politics in the Age of Peel: A Study in the Technique of Parliamentary Representation, 1830–1850. Faber & Faber. pp. 355, 440. ISBN 9780571302901.
"Ipswich". Leeds Times. 7 August 1847. p. 7 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Ipswich". The Suffolk Chronicle; or Weekly General Advertiser & County Express. 17 July 1847. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"The Elections". Norfolk Chronicle. 31 July 1847. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"IPSWICH ELECTION WRIT". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 8 August 1842. Retrieved 17 January 2010. During the last seven years, or little more, there had been five elections for the borough of Ipswich, and those five elections had produced five petitions
"Ipswich Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
"Election 2017: Ipswich". BBC News. 9 June 2017. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017.
"Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
"Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
"Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
"Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
"Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
"Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
"UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
"Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
"UK General Election results June 1987". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 11 June 1987. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2012.
"Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.
Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
Craig, F. W. S., British parliamentary election results 1885–1918
Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
"The General Election". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 2 July 1886. pp. 5–6 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Three Months for Receiving an Election Bribe". Dundee Evening Telegraph. 10 May 1886. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.; see also report in Hansard
"Adoption of Mr. E. M. Ind As A Candidate for Ipswich". Chelmsford Chronicle. 16 May 1884. p. 5 – via British Newspaper Archive.
Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
"Ipswich". Bury and Norwich Post. 15 November 1864. p. 5 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Ipswich". Suffolk and Essex Free Press. 5 May 1859. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Ipswich". Cheltenham Mercury. 21 March 1857. pp. 2–3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Ipswich". Essex Standard. 9 July 1852. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"General Elections". Berkshire Chronicle. 29 July 1837. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Domestic Intelligence". Dundee, Perth, and Cupar Advertiser. 21 March 1848. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Ipswich". Exeter and Plymouth Gazette. 10 July 1852. pp. 4, 7 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"The General Election". Norfolk Chronicle. 10 July 1852. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Miscellaneous News". Cambridge Independent Press. 6 August 1842. p. 4 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"The Suffolk Chronicle; or Weekly General Advertiser & County Express". 4 June 1842. pp. 3–4 – via British Newspaper Archive.
"Election Committee". Belfast Commercial Chronicle. 27 April 1842. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.
Margaret Escott (2009). "Ipswich". In Fisher, David (ed.). The House of Commons 1820-1832. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
John Brooke (1964). "Ipswich". In Namier, Sir Lewis; Brooke, John (eds.). The House of Commons 1754-1790. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Vernon, Edward" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Sir Lewis Namier (1964). "VERNON, Edward (1684-1757), of Nacton, nr. Ipswich, Suff.". In Namier, Sir Lewis; Brooke, John (eds.). The House of Commons 1754-1790. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
Romney Sedgwick (1970). "Ipswich". In Sedgwick, Romney (ed.). The House of Commons 1715-1754. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
"Churchill, William (c.1657-1737), of Dallinghoo, Suff.". History of Parliament Online (1715-1754). Retrieved 2 September 2018.
D. W. Hayton (2002). "Ipswich". In Hayton, David; Cruickshanks, Eveline; Handley, Stuart (eds.). The House of Commons 1690-1715. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
Paula Watson (1983). "Ipswich". In Henning, B. D. (ed.). The House of Commons 1660-1690. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.

52.06°N 1.16°E / 52.06; 1.16

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[2] A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer).

[3] As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

[1] "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010.

[HOP1790-4] Winifred Stokes / R. G. Thorne (1986). "Ipswich". In Thorne, R. G. (ed.). The House of Commons 1790-1820. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 25 November 2022.

[5] Page 82,Lewis Namier, The Structure of Politics at the Accession of George III (2nd edition - London: St Martin's Press, 1957)

[:0-6] S., Craig, Fred W. (1972). Boundaries of parliamentary constituencies 1885-1972;. Chichester: Political Reference Publications. ISBN 0900178094. OCLC 539011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[7] "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.

[8] "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.

[9] "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 21 March 2019.

[HoP1-10] Clark, Linda; Rawcliffe, Carole; Roskell, J. S., eds. (1993). "Ipswich". The House of Commons 1386-1421. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.

[HoP2-11] Bindoff, S. T., ed. (1982). "Ipswich". The House of Commons 1509-1558. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.

[HoP3-12] Hasler, P. W., ed. (1981). "Ipswich". The House of Commons 1558-1603. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 22 November 2022.

[HOP1604-13] John P Ferris (2010). "Ipswich". In Ferris, John P.; Thrush, Andrew (eds.). The House of Commons 1604-1629. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.

[rayment-14] Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "I"

[15] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Vernon, Edward" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

[stookssmith-16] Stooks Smith, Henry (1845). The Parliaments of England, from 1st George I., to the Present Time. Vol II: Oxfordshire to Wales Inclusive. London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co. pp. 58–61.

[barrettlennardhop-17] Margaret Escott (2009). "BARRETT LENNARD, Thomas (1788–1856), of Belhus, Aveley, Essex and Hyde Park Terrace, Mdx.". In Fisher, David (ed.). The House of Commons 1820-1832. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.

[maldon-hop-18] David R Fisher (2009). "Maldon". In Fisher, David (ed.). The House of Commons 1820-1832. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 24 November 2022.

[legacies-slave-19] Hall, Catherine; Draper, Nicholas; McClelland, Keith; Donington, Katie; Lang, Rachel (2014). "Appendix 4: MPs 1832-80 in the compensation records". Legacies of British Slave-ownership: Colonial Slavery and the Formation of Victorian Britain. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 292. ISBN 978-1-107-04005-2.

[essexstandard1847-20] "Witham". Essex Standard. 6 August 1847. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[morningpost1832-21] "Essex Elections". Morning Post. 26 December 1832. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[johnbull1841-22] "Election Movements". John Bull. 28 June 1841. p. 10 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[norfolk1841-23] "Norfolk Chronicle". 26 June 1841. pp. 2–3 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[24] "Postscript". The Spectator. 9 November 1839. p. 9.

[25] The Spectator, Volume 14. F.C. Westley. 1841. p. 653.

[gash-26] Gash, Norman (2013). Politics in the Age of Peel: A Study in the Technique of Parliamentary Representation, 1830–1850. Faber & Faber. pp. 355, 440. ISBN 9780571302901.

[27] "Ipswich". Leeds Times. 7 August 1847. p. 7 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[28] "Ipswich". The Suffolk Chronicle; or Weekly General Advertiser & County Express. 17 July 1847. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[29] "The Elections". Norfolk Chronicle. 31 July 1847. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[30] "IPSWICH ELECTION WRIT". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 8 August 1842. Retrieved 17 January 2010. During the last seven years, or little more, there had been five elections for the borough of Ipswich, and those five elections had produced five petitions

[31] "Ipswich Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 13 December 2019.

[bbc2017result-ipswich-32] "Election 2017: Ipswich". BBC News. 9 June 2017. Archived from the original on 14 June 2017.

[electoralcalculus-33] "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

[electoralcalculus2010-34] "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.

[electoralcalculus2005-35] "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[electoralcalculus2001-36] "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[electoralcalculus1997-37] "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[electoralcalculus1992-38] "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[39] "UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 6 December 2010.

[electoralcalculus1987-40] "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[41] "UK General Election results June 1987". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 11 June 1987. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2012.

[electoralcalculus1983-42] "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.

[Craig,_F._W._S._1983-43] Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN 0-900178-06-X.

[craig1885-44] Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.

[45] Craig, F. W. S., British parliamentary election results 1885–1918

[ReferenceA-46] Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916

[47] "The General Election". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 2 July 1886. pp. 5–6 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[48] "Three Months for Receiving an Election Bribe". Dundee Evening Telegraph. 10 May 1886. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.; see also report in Hansard

[49] "Adoption of Mr. E. M. Ind As A Candidate for Ipswich". Chelmsford Chronicle. 16 May 1884. p. 5 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[craig1832-50] Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.

[51] "Ipswich". Bury and Norwich Post. 15 November 1864. p. 5 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[52] "Ipswich". Suffolk and Essex Free Press. 5 May 1859. p. 3 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[53] "Ipswich". Cheltenham Mercury. 21 March 1857. pp. 2–3 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[54] "Ipswich". Essex Standard. 9 July 1852. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[55] "General Elections". Berkshire Chronicle. 29 July 1837. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[56] "Domestic Intelligence". Dundee, Perth, and Cupar Advertiser. 21 March 1848. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[57] "Ipswich". Exeter and Plymouth Gazette. 10 July 1852. pp. 4, 7 – via British Newspaper Archive.

[58] "The General Election". Norfolk Chronicle. 10 July 1852. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.

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