Borgu

Borgu is a region in north-west Nigeria and in the northern Republic of Benin. It was partitioned between Great Britain and France by the Anglo-French Convention of 1898. People of Borgu are known as Bariba or Borgawa.

For the Administrative Division of Nigeria, see Borgu Local Government Area. For the Administrative Division of Benin, see Borgou Department. For the traditional State, see Borgu Emirate. Not to be confused with the Borkou Region in northern Chad, also sometimes known as Borgu.
Borgu
Region of Benin and Nigeria
Country Nigeria, Benin
StateNiger State
DepartmentBorgou Department
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)
Borguland

History

According to the Kisra legend known all over Borgu, the petty kingdoms of the country were founded by Kisra, a hero who according to an oral tradition immigrated from Birnin Kisra ("the town of Kisra") in Arabia. His brothers are said to have been the founders of the kingdoms of Illo, Bussa and Nikki. Other descendants are believed to have constituted the ruling aristocracy of the Wasangari.

Colonial era
British colonial stamps for the Northern Nigeria Protectorate used at Borgu and Zungeru

During the British colonial era, the area was within the territory claimed by the Royal Niger Company, but rivalry between Britain and France for control of the trade on the River Niger led to occupation of areas by the French, for instance at Illo, and the stationing of the British West African Frontier Force at Yashikera and elsewhere in the region.[1]

The matter was settled by the Anglo-French Delineation Agreement[1] and later the British Government divided Nigeria into Northern and Southern Protectorates. Borgu became part of the Northern Nigeria Protectorate. British posts were established along the Niger River and at Jebba, Zungeru, Lokoja and Illo, and a mail route was established between them for communication with Britain.[2]

Present situation

In spite of their separation by the colonial border there are still many exchanges between the petty kingdoms of Borgu situated in Benin and Nigeria. The three major kingdoms are Bussa, Illo and Nikki. Bussa is traditionally considered to be the spiritual centre of Borgu, Nikki the centre of political power and Illo the commercial emporium.[3]

See also

References and sources
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Borgu.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Borgu".
References
  1. Adekunle, Julius. (2004) Politics and Society in Nigeria's Middlebelt: Borgu and the Emergence of a Political Identity. Africa World Press, pp. 131-134. ISBN 1592210961
  2. "Northern Nigeria: The Illo Canceller and Borgu Mail" by Ray Harris in Cameo, Vol. 14, No. 3, Whole No. 90, October 2013, pp. 158-160.
  3. "Students.com". students.com. Retrieved 2020-05-13.
Sources
  • Kuba, Richard: Wasangari und Wangara: Borgu und seine Nachbarn in historischer Perspektive, Hamburg 1996.
  • Lombard, Jacques: Structures de type féodal en Afrique noire: Étude des relations sociales chez les Bariba, Paris 1965.
  • Stewart, Marjorie: Borgu and its Kingdoms, Lewiston 1993.

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