Burid dynasty

The Burid dynasty was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Oghuz Turkic origin which ruled over the Emirate of Damascus in the early 12th century.

Burid dynasty
1104–1154
The Near east in 1135
The Near east in 1135
CapitalDamascus
Religion
Sunni Islam
GovernmentEmirate
Emir 
 1104–1128
Toghtekin (first)
 1140–1154
Mujir ad-Din Abaq (last)
History 
 Established
1104
 Disestablished
1154
CurrencyDinar
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Seljuk Empire
Zengid dynasty

History

The first Burid ruler, Toghtekin,[1] began as a servant to the Seljuk ruler of Damascus, Duqaq. Following Duqaq's death in 1104, he seized the city for himself.

The dynasty was named after Toghtekin's son, Taj al-Muluk Buri. The Burids gained recognition from the Abbasid caliphate in return for considerable gifts. In return, the caliphate did not interfere in the emirate.[2]

The Burids ruled the city until 1154, when it was taken by the ruler of Aleppo, Nur ed-Din, founder of the Zengid dynasty.[3]

The Burids lost to the Crusaders in the battle of Marj al-Saffar (1126) but were able to prevent the Second Crusade from capturing Damascus.

Burid emirs of Damascus

Titular Name(s) (Laqab) Personal Name Reign
Amir
أمیر
Saif-ul-Islam
سیف الاسلام
Zahir al-Din Toghtekin
ظاھر الدین طغتکین
1104–1128
Amir
أمیر
Taj al-Muluk Buri
تاج الملک بوری
1128–1132
Amir
أمیر
Shams al-Mulk Isma'il
شمس الملک اسماعیل
1132–1135
Amir
أمیر
Shihab al-Din Mahmud
شھاب الدین محمود
1135–1139
Amir
أمیر
Jamal al-Din Muhammad
جمال الدین محمد
1139–1140
Amir
أمیر
Mu'in al-Din Unur
معین الدین أنر
1140–1149
Regent
Amir
أمیر
Mujir-ud-din
مجیر الدین
Abu Saʿid Ābaq
ابو سعید ابق
1140–1154
Zengid dynasty replaces the Burid dynasty.

Family Tree

Burid Dynasty
Zahir al-Din
Tughtekin

(1)
r. 1104-1128
Taj al-Muluk
Buri

(2)
r. 1128-1132
Shams al-Mulk
Isma'il

(3)
r. 1132-1135
Shihab al-Din
Mahmud

(4)
r. 1135-1139
Jamal al-Din
Muhammad

(5)
r. 1139-1140
Mujir al-Din
Abaq

(6)
r. 1140-1154

See also

References

  1. D.S. Richards, The Chronicle of Ibn Al-Athir for the Crusading Period from Al-Kamil Fi'l-ta-Ta'rikh, (Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2010), 16.
  2. Burids, R. LeTourneau, The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. I, ed. H.A.R. Gibb, J.H. Kramers, É. Lévi-Provençal and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), 1332.
  3. Medieval Islamic Civilization: L-Z, Ed. Josef W. Meri, Jere L. Bacharach, (Taylor & Francis, 2006), 568.
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