Alanine aminopeptidase

Membrane alanyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.2) also known as alanyl aminopeptidase (AAP) or aminopeptidase N (AP-N) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANPEP gene.

ANPEP
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesANPEP, APN, CD13, GP150, LAP1, P150, PEPN, alanyl aminopeptidase, membrane, AP-M, hAPN, AP-N
External IDsOMIM: 151530 MGI: 5000466 HomoloGene: 68163 GeneCards: ANPEP
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

290

16790

Ensembl

ENSG00000166825

ENSMUSG00000039062

UniProt

P15144

P97449

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001150
NM_001381923
NM_001381924

NM_008486

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001141
NP_001368852
NP_001368853

NP_032512

Location (UCSC)Chr 15: 89.78 – 89.82 MbChr 7: 79.47 – 79.51 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

Aminopeptidase N is located in the small-intestinal and renal microvillar membrane, and also in other plasma membranes. In the small intestine aminopeptidase N plays a role in the final digestion of peptides generated from hydrolysis of proteins by gastric and pancreatic proteases. Its function in proximal tubular epithelial cells and other cell types is less clear. The large extracellular carboxyterminal domain contains a pentapeptide consensus sequence characteristic of members of the zinc-binding metalloproteinase superfamily. Sequence comparisons with known enzymes of this class showed that CD13 and aminopeptidase N are identical. The latter enzyme was thought to be involved in the metabolism of regulatory peptides by diverse cell types, including small intestinal and renal tubular epithelial cells, macrophages, granulocytes, and synaptic membranes from the CNS. Defects in this gene appear to be a cause of various types of leukemia or lymphoma.[5]

AAP is also used by some viruses as a receptor to which these viruses bind to and then enter cells. It is a receptor for human coronavirus 229E, feline coronavirus serotype II (FCoV-II), TGEV, PEDV,[6] canine coronavirus genotype II (CCoV-II)[7] as well as several Deltacoronaviruses.[8]

References

Further reading


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